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Morphological comparison of Oreocharis benthamii var. benthamii (a) and var. reticulata (b). 1: habit; 2: abaxial leaf surface, showing lateral veins and reticulate veinlets; 3: flowers in allopatry, showing purple corolla; 4: flowers in sympatry (Xiangtou Mountain), showing purple corolla of var. benthamii and yellow‐green corolla of var. reticulata
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The pattern of genetic differentiation between diverging species receives much attention as one of the key observable features of speciation. It has often been suggested that introgression between closely related species occurs commonly where their distributions overlap, leading to their becoming more morphologically and genetically similar, but th...
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Widespread plant species are expected to maintain genetic diversity and gene flow via pollen and seed dispersal. Stature is a key life history trait that affects seed and potentially pollen dispersal, with limited stature associated with limited dispersal and greater genetic differentiation. We sampled Hill’s tabletop wattle (Acacia hilliana) and c...
Genetic differentiations and phylogeographical patterns are controlled by the interplay between spatial isolation and gene flow. To assess the extent of gene flow across an oceanic barrier, we explored the effect of the separation of the peninsula of Baja California on the evolution of mainland and peninsular populations of the long-lived columnar...
Citations
... This is due to C. pentandra having an outrossing mating system. Fu et al. (2020) state that outcrossing species would be expected to have higher intrapopulation genetic variation and lower population differentiation values than selfing species. ...
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. is a plant whose fruit is used to produce fiber and seeds for biofuel, which has the potential to be developed in critical land because it is adaptive to grow in critical land that is less fertile and lacks water. In West Sumatra, several critical land locations are overgrown by C. pentandra plants. This study aims to determine the genetic variation of C. pentandra in five critical land populations in West Sumatra as the basis for selecting superior seeds for development in critical land. The research was conducted by the descriptive method using molecular data with the molecular marker RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA). The results showed that the primers OPA-01, OPA-02, and OPB-10 could detect polymorphisms. Pangkalan Koto Baru in the regency Lima Puluh Kota (H = 0.1212) was the population with the highest intrapopulation genetic variation value. Interpopulation genetic variation (DST = 0.0321) was lower than intrapopulation genetic variation (HS = 0.1021), with a low genetic differentiation value (GST = 0.2392) and a high gene flow value (Nm = 1.5894). The genetic variation of C. pentandra can be used to select the parent in plant breeding programs.
... The findings of this study suggest that choosing between subgroups B and C when choosing parental materials could lead to increased heterosis. Genetic differentiation across groups is greatly influenced by gene flow [29], which is mostly accomplished by pollen and seed transfer [30,31]. The moderate degree of divergence between groupings B and C suggests that these two subsets frequently exchange genes. ...
Clubroot disease is a kind of soil-borne disease that seriously infects Brassica species. In this study, we collected 121 varieties of non-heading Chinese cabbages. In order to better understand the genetic variation and to screen suitable clubroot disease-resistant parental material, we re-sequenced them to examine the population genetic structure, population genetic diversity, population differentiation index, and selective sweep based on SNPs. The mapping rate with the reference genome was high, and data quality analysis revealed that the sequencing quality was good. The annotated data indicated that intronic and intergenic areas held the majority of SNPs and indels. Four subgroups of 121 non-heading Chinese cabbages were identified using principal component analysis, phylogenetic tree, and genetic structure analysis. An examination of genetic diversity revealed that while selfing may happen in subgroups C and D, heterozygosity may exist in subgroups A and B. In subgroup B, self-fertilization is not possible. There was a moderate degree of genetic differentiation between subgroups B and C (Fst = 0.0744347). For genes in certain sweep regions, we also ran GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Two disease resistance-related genes, BraA01g042910.3.5C and BraA06g019360.3.5C, were examined. These findings will serve as a theoretical foundation for developing novel, clubroot disease-resistant types of non-heading Chinese cabbages.
... than in allopatry (mean=0.725), similar to patterns detected in other taxa (e.g., Anderson & Hubricht, 1938;Fu, Lu, Fu, & Wang, 2020). Demographic processes associated with range expansions, such as repeated bottlenecks and genetic drift can also increase the level of differentiation between species (Freedman, Thomassen, Buermann, & Smith, 2010;Wang, Abbott, Ingvarsson, & Liu, 2014). ...
The outcome of hybridization is of major interest in evolutionary and conservation biology. Here, we investigate (i) the genomic signal of the hybridization dynamics, (ii) the strength of reproductive barriers preventing copulation in heterospecific and hybrid crosses, and (iii) the population dynamics (stability of species proportions) of the two damselfly species Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii in two differently aged Spanish hybrid regions. RAD sequencing in these hybrid regions and in allopatric populations was used to generate 5,702 SNPs to quantify population diversity and population differentiation, and a subset of 381 species-specific SNPs to analyze individual ancestry and the proportion of individuals in different hybrid classes. Our individual ancestry results showed the presence of F1 and F2 hybrids, in line with on-going hybridization and bidirectional backcrossing in both hybrid regions, with almost complete absence of genetically pure I. elegans and I. graellsii. Different admixture-class distributions were in part explained by 1) different mean strength of reproductive barriers in the hybrid regions, with stronger barrier in the older hybrid region, 2) local dynamics (continuous recolonization events), 3) proximity to introduction site, and 4) time elapsed since colonization. Consistent with theoretical expectations, introgression maintained (in the younger hybrid region) or increased genetic diversity (in the older hybrid region), and reduced genetic differentiation between local populations in both hybrid regions. Whether this will facilitate the ongoing range expansion of I. elegans in Spain is an interesting avenue for future research.
... Forests support about 65% of the world's terrestrial taxa and have the highest species diversity for many taxonomic groups; thus conserving forest biodiversity is a critical task and has rightly become a key component of many national and international forest management agreements [11]. So far, most studies on the genetic variation and population genetic structure of forest plants have focused on woody plants [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], while empirical studies on undergrowth herbs are rare [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Among the latter, studies on riparian plants in the undergrowth (e.g. ...
Background
Rivers and streams facilitate movement of individuals and their genes across the landscape and are generally recognized as dispersal corridors for riparian plants. Nevertheless, some authors have reported directly contrasting results, which may be attributed to a complex mixture of factors, such as the mating system and dispersal mechanisms of propagules (seed and pollen), that make it difficult to predict the genetic diversity and population structure of riparian species. Here, we investigated a riparian self-fertilizing herb Caulokaempferia coenobialis , which does not use anemochory or zoochory for seed dispersal; such studies could contribute to an improved understanding of the effect of rivers or streams on population genetic diversity and structure in riparian plants. Using polymorphic ISSR and cpDNA loci, we studied the effect at a microgeographic scale of different stream systems (a linear stream, a dendritic stream, and complex transverse hydrological system) in subtropical monsoon forest on the genetic structure and connectivity of C. coenobialis populations across Dinghu Mountain (DH) and Nankun Mountain (NK).
Results
The results indicate that the most recent haplotypes (DH: H7, H8; NK: h6, h7, h11, h12) are not shared among local populations of C. coenobialis within each stream system. Furthermore, downstream local populations do not accumulate genetic diversity, whether in the linear streamside local populations across DH ( H : 0.091 vs 0.136) or the dendritic streamside local populations across NK ( H : 0.079 vs 0.112, 0.110). Our results show that the connectivity of local C. coenobialis populations across DH and NK can be attributed to historical gene flows, resulting in a lack of spatial genetic structure, despite self-fertilization. Selfing C. coenobialis can maintain high genetic diversity ( H = 0.251; I = 0.382) through genetic differentiation ( G ST = 0.5915; F ST = 0.663), which is intensified by local adaptation and neutral mutation and/or genetic drift in local populations at a microgeographic scale.
Conclusion
We suggest that streams are not acting as corridors for dispersal of C. coenobialis , and conservation strategies for maintaining genetic diversity of selfing species should be focused on the protection of all habitat types, especially isolated fragments in ecosystem processes.
