Figure - available from: International Journal of Communication Systems
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Monopole antennas (A) stripline monopole, (B) rectangular monopole, (C) edge blended monopole, and (D) edge chamfered monopole (green: FR4 dielectric; white: metal).
Source publication
A reconfigurable MIMO antenna for heterogeneous vehicular networks is reported in this paper. The frequency and bandwidth characteristics of the MIMO antenna can be reconfigured to meet multi‐standard and multi‐frequency requirements in automobiles. The antenna element evolved from an edge‐chamfered ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna operating from 2.1 t...
Citations
... The DG is determined by Equation (15). 27,28 DG ¼ 10 ...
This article investigates the mutual coupling reduction of a compact two elements wearable ultra‐wideband (UWB) multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna. The ground plane of the proposed wearable MIMO antenna structure consists of three connected square ring‐shaped stubs and two rectangular slots of narrow height. These ground stubs and slots minimize the mutual coupling effect between antennas and provide high isolation. The suggested MIMO antenna functions from the 1.87 to 13.82 GHz frequency spectrum covering WLAN (2.4–2.484 GHz), UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz), and X band (8–12 GHz) with 152.32% fractional bandwidth. It sustains port isolation above 27 dB throughout the 2 to 13.82 GHz frequency band. Inside the whole working frequency band, the suggested antenna offers a tiny envelope correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.098), greater diversity gain (DG > 9.93 dB), minimum channel capacity loss (CCL < 0.32 bits/s/Hz), and slight magnitude variation in mean effective gain of antenna ports (< 0.1 dB). The recommended antenna yields a SAR level below the designated threshold (<1.6 W/kg), affirming its suitability for body‐worn applications. The designed MIMO antenna structure has an overall volume of 32 × 48 × 1.5 mm³.
A four-element circular patch multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna is designed operating at sub-6 GHz frequency for 5G applications. The proposed design of antenna achieves better performance with 85% of measured efficiency and peak antenna gain of 5 dB. Further, an envelope correlation coefficient of 0.00052 with the diversity gain of 9.99 dB is achieved. The MIMO antenna of size 72 × 27 mm which consists of four identical circular patches with a mean effective gain (MEG) < 3 dB. Each patch of the antenna with a circular slot is separated by a stub. It offers better isolation and matching, which helps to achieve wider impedance bandwidth. A shorted T-shaped stub and two I-shaped stubs are created to achieve the isolation of more than 37 dB at 3.8 GHz for 5G applications.
