Table 2 - uploaded by Giuseppe Argenziano
Content may be subject to copyright.
Mole Patterns by Thickness
Source publication
Importance
Nevi are among the strongest risk factors for melanoma. However, little is known about the association of many total nevi (TN) or atypical nevi (AN) with tumor thickness.Objectives
To examine the association between age and the number of TN and AN and to explore whether there was a relationship between TN or AN and tumor thickness, con...
Context in source publication
Similar publications
Simple Summary
Pregnancy-associated cancers (PACs) represent a significant clinical problem, due to their possibly delayed diagnosis, limitations of the usage of diagnostic and therapeutic methods, and often the necessity to postpone the administration of optimal treatment to the mother until after delivery to protect the health of the fetus. The p...
Citations
... The overall goal of this study was to characterize the prevalence of self-reported dermatological concerns, treatment experiences, and impacts on quality of life in a large cohort of TS subjects. Our analysis in consistent with previous observations that dermatological manifestations are highly prevalent in TS (3,(13)(14)(15)(16). We utilized this information to create a tailored timeline of TS-related dermatological manifestations visualized in Figure 1. ...
... Increased AMN have been commonly noted across TS literature in conjunction with theories and suggestions about a potential relationship with melanoma (13,17). Our data showed a high prevalence of more than 20 AMN with an average onset in the first decade of life. ...
Introduction
Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with distinct manifestations in women and girls including short stature, cardiac abnormalities, premature ovarian failure as well as dermatological features, including lymphedema, keloids, onychodystrophy, and acne. Although many dermatological concerns present during the first few decades of life, the overwhelming majority of respondents are not provided with dermatology referrals at diagnosis.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilized an author designed survey to assess self-reported dermatological manifestations, dermatology referral experience, common therapies for select dermatological conditions, as well as a validated 10-question Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) to assess quality-of-life impact in women and girls with Turner syndrome.
Results
In our cohort, 64% ( n = 149) had been referred to a dermatologist at some point in their life time. The majority of individuals self-identified their dermatological concern (79.6%) and were referred after a dermatological concern had already occurred (90.2%). The most common dermatological findings reported were xerosis cutis (78.7%), lymphedema (73%), and more than 20 acquired melanocytic nevi (70%). The overall mean DLQI score was 3.52, indicative of a small effect on the patient’s life. Onychodystrophy, history of skin biopsy, and lymphedema were statistically significant to have a higher impact on quality of life.
Discussion
Our data reveal that skin conditions are highly prevalent in the TS population during the early decades of life and affirm utilizing these conditions in the TS diagnostic process, as well as emphasize the need for specialized dermatology referrals to address the detrimental impacts related to skin concerns on quality of life.
... The prevalence of dysplastic nevus in the Caucasian population is from 2 to 18 % [7]. Particular attention is paid to nevi due to the emergence of studies that confirm the relationship between the presence of nevi and the development of their degeneration into dangerous and high-lethal melanocyte skin pathologies, such as melanoma or neurodermal melanosis [8]. ...
... Below in the form of equations is the definition of classification indicators, where the attribution to healthy men is possible at a value of Df close to 166.2; to men with melanocyte simple nevi -at a Df value close to 159.7; to men patients with melanocyte dysplastic nevi -at a Df value close to 156.1; to men with melanocyte congenital nevi -at a Df value close to 167.6; to men with nonmelanocyte nevi -at a Df value close to 168. 8 where (here and hereafter), SFT -in mm; somatotype components -in points; circumferential body dimensionsin cm; body diameters -in cm ...
The multifactorial nature of the origin and development of nevi is the subject of debate so far. One way to understand this process and get an answer to this question is to use a constitutional method of research. The purpose of the study is to build and analyze discriminant models of benign nevi occurrence possibility in men depending on the characteristics of the structure and size of the body. For Ukrainian men aged 22 to 35 years with benign nevi (34 with melanocyte benign simple nevi; 27 with melanocyte benign dysplastic nevi; 14 with melanocyte benign congenital nevi; 17 with nonmelanocyte benign nevus) determined anthropometric indicators according to the scheme of Bunak V. V. (1941), components of the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter scheme (1990), as well as indicators of the component composition of body weight according to Matejko formulas (1921). The control group consisted of anthropometric and somatotypological indicators of 82 practically healthy men of the same age group selected from the data bank of the Research Center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Discriminant analysis was performed in the licensed statistical package “Statistica 5.5”. With the help of discriminant analysis, reliable models of the possibility of benign nevi depending on the characteristics of anthropometric and somatotypological indicators are built. It was found that healthy and patients with benign nevi of men can reliably interpret the obtained classification indicators between healthy and sick, and between patients with melanocyte simple or dysplastic nevi and other groups of benign nevi (discriminant function covers 75.7 % of cases; Wilks' Lambda statistics=0.125; р<0.001). Between groups of benign nevi, reliable interpretation of the obtained classification indicators is possible only between patients with melanocyte simple or dysplastic nevi and melanocyte congenital or non-melanocyte nevi (discriminant function covers 48.4 % of cases; Wilks' Lambda statistics=0.662; р<0.001), however, the totality of all anthropological variables has little discrimination. The models of healthy and sick men include the skinfold thickness (42.8 %), girth sizes (28.6 %), shoulder width and endomorphic component of the somatotype (14.3 % each); and among men with benign nevi, only girth sizes of the body. The greatest contribution to discrimination in models of healthy and sick men is made by the circumference of the forearm at the top, the width of the shoulders and the skinfold thickness on the side; and among patients with benign nevi – chest girth on inspiration. The obtained results indicate a significant influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of benign nevi.
... Several host characteristics have been associated with the risk of melanoma. These include the phenotype, the number of nevi, a family history of melanoma (1)(2)(3), and the presence of dysplastic nevi (4,5). Other risk factors include sun exposure and severe sunburns (6). ...
... Having HNC was the most common host risk factor for melanoma in both young and middle-aged adults. In these patients, melanomas were more likely thin and located in the trunk area, confirming data from previous melanoma studies (4,15). It has been suggested that individuals with HNC may be more likely to practice skin self-examination, which may lead to an earlier detection of melanoma (4). ...
... In these patients, melanomas were more likely thin and located in the trunk area, confirming data from previous melanoma studies (4,15). It has been suggested that individuals with HNC may be more likely to practice skin self-examination, which may lead to an earlier detection of melanoma (4). There is also a possibility that the genetic determinants of nevi number may be associated with biological differences in melanoma tumors (15). ...
Background/aim:
Differences in risk factors for melanoma between young adults (18-39 years) and middle-aged (40-60 years) are not well documented. In this study, we aimed to determine differences in risk factors and characteristics of melanoma between these groups.
Patients and methods:
This retrospective study is a review on 330 patients, including 250 middle-aged and 80 young adults, during the period 2006-2016 in the Tampere university hospital, in Finland.
Results:
Forty-one per cent of middle-aged and 47% of young adults were defined as higher-risk patients. High nevus count was the most common host risk factor in both groups. Young were more likely to have a family history of melanoma. Middle-aged had more often excessive intermittent sun exposure and a history of sunburn. Host risk characteristics were less commonly associated with thicker melanomas.
Conclusion:
A high number of patients have host risk factors for melanoma. Several differences exist in risk factors and characteristics of melanomas between young adults and middle-aged patients.
... Tissue microarrays (TMAs) have identified thickness biomarkers, including RGS1(Rangel et al., 2008), ING4 (Li et al., 2008) and total/atypical nevi (Geller et al., 2016). In TMA, 23 of 24 DNA repair genes were upregulated with increasing thickness, while genes involved in serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity, cell adhesion, cell-cell signaling, and transcription factor activity were downregulated (Winnepenninckx et al., 2006). ...
Skin malignancies are commonly encountered as primary or incidental findings. Neoplasms that affect the skin include primary (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma) and secondary (mesenchymal neoplasms, lymphoma, and metastases) tumors. Imaging provides valuable anatomic information (tumor size, depth of involvement, presence of distant metastasis, and data for guiding biopsy) and functional information (metabolic activity and sentinel node mapping data). This information, in addition to biopsy results, improves the histopathologic characterization of tumors and treatment planning. Various histopathologic types of the same entity exhibit different biologic behavior and have different imaging features. Familiarity with the multimodality imaging features, histopathologic characteristics, and various modes of dissemination (direct invasion; perineural, lymphatic, and hematogenous spread) of the most common skin malignancies helps radiologists narrow the differential diagnosis in clinical practice. ©RSNA, 2023 Supplemental material is available for this article. Quiz questions for this article are available through the Online Learning Center.
Dermoscopy is a diagnostic technique that can diminish the refraction and reflection at the skin. It facilitates the visualization of colors and structures in subsurface skin structures located within the epidermis, dermoepidermal junction, and papillary dermis, which are otherwise not visible to the naked eye. It improves diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for skin cancer diagnosis. The two-step analytic algorithm attempts in the first step to differentiate melanocytic lesions from the nonmelanocytic lesions: dermatofibroma, basal cell carcinoma, seborrheic keratosis, and hemangioma. The second step is proposed to differentiate nevi from melanoma using scoring systems. Dermoscopy is also useful for the assessment of other skin cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma, as well as for inflammatory and infectious diseases. This chapter provides a review of the dermoscopic features that are seen in various pigmented and nonpigmented tumoral and nontumoral skin lesions as well as the dermoscopic criteria used for monitoring patients who are prone to skin cancer.KeywordsDermoscopyDermatoscopySkin cancerPigmentedNonpigmentedInflammatoryInfectious
Patients' phenotypic characteristics might be associated with melanoma aggressiveness, but the evidence is scarce. This study examined the associations between pigmentary characteristics, naevi and melanoma thickness. Data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study were analysed. By 2014, 1,243 women were diagnosed with a primary melanoma, and 1,140 had information on thickness. Using ordinal logistic regression models, the probability of being diagnosed with a specific thickness category was calculated by pigmentary score and naevi. Fair pigmentary score was associated with thinner trunk melanomas (probabilities of being diagnosed with a tumour ≤1.0 mm were 74%, 66%, and 51% for fair, medium and dark pigmentary scores, respectively), but not the other sites. High number of naevi was associated with thicker nodular melanoma (NM) but not with super-ficial spreading melanoma. These findings suggest the need for greater overall vigilance and skin checks among women with fair pigmentary score. The association between naevi and NM suggest possible biological mechanisms.
Among the histogenic subtypes of melanoma, nodular melanoma (NM) is the major contributor for thicker and fatal melanomas and it has been associated with melanoma‐specific death in thin tumours highlighting an important subgroup of ‘aggressive thin’ melanomas. This review provides a synthesis of the distinct characteristics of NM, with respect to epidemiology and risk factors, clinical presentation, histopathology, molecular and dermoscopic aspects, and screening practices. The real challenges are to find better biomarkers of aggressiveness and to know whether the control of such aggressive melanoma can be influenced by targeted interventions such as early detection, drug interventions and preventive strategies.
Although the most common presentation of cutaneous malignant melanoma is in the form of a localized primary tumor of the skin, systemic involvement (regional and/or distant metastases) is apparent at diagnosis in approximately 15% of cases [1]. It is important for the practicing clinician to have a thorough understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of melanoma, as endorsement of prevention strategies, proper screening regimens, and appropriate treatment of early stage disease all play a role in preventing the development of advanced disease. For patients who do present with systemic involvement, recent advances in molecular biology and immunology have led to novel therapeutic targets and resultant life-prolonging treatment options.
