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Microstrip Dipole and the Coordinate System Associated with: (a) Topology I; (b) Topology L; (c) Topology Z
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology used mainly to identify tagged items or to track their locations. The most used antennas for RFID application are planar dipoles. For antenna design, it is necessary that the antenna has an impedance value equal to the conjugate of the impedance of the integrated circuit CI. To have a good adapt...
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... Its low weight, small size coupled with its conformal nature to different configuration techniques in printed antennas adds to its wide usage for different antenna designs [4]. Recent examples include the design of a 5G-based vehicular communication and other relevant applications like Internet of Things (IoT) [5], antennas for medical and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications [6][7][8], where dipoles are utilized in the design of body-area RFID tags. Dipole antenna also finds application as a radiating element in the field of optical antenna [9]. ...
... In reference to the ISO (International Standardization Organization) standard, the RFID frequency bands are the LF (Low Frequency) at 125 kHz [7], the HF (High Frequency) band at 13.56MHz [8], the UHF band from 860 to 960MHz, [9], and 2.45GHz [10] and 5.8GHz bands [11], [12]. Because of the advantages In this paper, a compact and low-profile new patch antenna structure with rectangular slots for RFID UHF reader is proposed. ...
In this research work, a novel compact antenna with rectangular slots is presented for radio frequency identification (RFID) handled applications in the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band that can be manufactured and integrated into RFID readers without difficult. A prototype demonstrating the aforementioned features was constructed and measured. The proposed antenna is fed by 50-Ω coaxial cable and printed on a 1.6mm thick FR4 substrate which has a small size and occupies a volume of 68×66 ×1.6mm³. The patch, the feed-line and ground plane are made of PEC (Perfect Electric Conductor) with a thickness of 0.035 mm. Measured results indicate that the proposed antenna has a good impedance matching characteristic ranging from 889 to 939MHz, which covers the USA RFID-band (902–928MHz), the Chinese RFID-operating-band (920–924.5MHz), and the Korea and Japan RFID-band (917–923.5MHz). These results were achieved by the insertion of slots in the compact structure of the antenna. The electromagnetic simulators HFSS (High Frequency structure simulator) and CST (Computer Simulation Technology) microwave studio were used for the design, modeling and simulation of the antenna. The focus of the study of our antenna was on the parameters of return loss, bandwidth, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), input impedance and gain. Copyright © 2018 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
... In reference to the ISO (International Standardization Organization) standard, the RFID frequency bands are the LF (Low Frequency) at 125 kHz [7], the HF (High Frequency) band at 13.56MHz [8], the UHF band from 860 to 960MHz, [9], and 2.45GHz [10] and 5.8GHz bands [11], [12]. Because of the advantages In this paper, a compact and low-profile new patch antenna structure with rectangular slots for RFID UHF reader is proposed. ...
In this research work, a novel compact antenna with rectangular slots is presented for radio frequency identification (RFID) handled applications in the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band that can be manufactured and integrated into RFID readers without difficult. A prototype demonstrating the aforementioned features was constructed and measured. The proposed antenna is fed by 50-Ω coaxial cable and printed on a 1.6mm thick FR4 substrate which has a small size and occupies a volume of 68×66 ×1.6mm3. The patch, the feed-line and ground plane are made of PEC (Perfect Electric Conductor) with a thickness of 0.035 mm. Measured results indicate that the proposed antenna has a good impedance matching characteristic ranging from 889 to 939MHz, which covers the USA RFID-band (902–928MHz), the Chinese RFID-operating-band (920–924.5MHz), and the Korea and Japan RFID-band (917–923.5MHz). These results were achieved by the insertion of slots in the compact structure of the antenna. The electromagnetic simulators HFSS (High Frequency structure simulator) and CST (Computer Simulation Technology) microwave studio were used for the design, modeling and simulation of the antenna. The focus of the study of our antenna was on the parameters of return loss, bandwidth, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), input impedance and gain.
... The inverted plane antenna F is a rectangular microstrip antenna powered by a coaxial probe. It is called an inverted-F antenna because the side view of this antenna resembles the letter F with its face down [4,[5][6][7][8][9]. ...
... With L 1 and L 2 the dimensions of the radiating patch, λ is the calculated wavelength for the medium separating the patch and the ground plane [4,[5][6][7][8][9]]. ...
... Many compact printed monopole antennas were manufactured for wireless applications and reported in the literature [6][7][8]. Some of these monopole antennas have been investigated especially for RFID applications [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. ...
This paper comes with a new dual-band planar monopole antenna fed by Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) line designed for RFID readers and it operates at 2.45 GHz, 5.80 GHz. This antenna is designed with reasonable gain, low profile and low cost production. The designed antenna based on theoretical equations is simulated and validated by using ADS from Agilent technologies and CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic solvers. A parametric study of the proposed antenna has been carried out by optimizing some critical parameters. The antenna has a total area of 35×38 mm2 and mounted on an FR4 substrate with dielectric permittivity constant 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent 0.025. The comparison between simulation and measurement results permits to validate the final achieved antenna structure in the desired RFID frequencies bands. Details of the proposed antenna design and both simulated and experimental results are described and discussed. © Copyright 2018 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
... There are many popular fractal geometries, such as the Koch fractal, the Sierpinski fractal, the Hilbert fractal, the Minkowski, and the Square Curve fractals. The Koch fractal microstrip patches are attractive because of their small size and multiband capabilities [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. ...
In this paper, a multiband and miniature rectangular microstrip antenna is designed and analyzed for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader applications. The miniaturization is achieved using fractal technique and the physical parameters of the structure as well as its ground plane are optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The total area of the final structure is 71.6 x 94 mm<sup>2</sup>. The results show that the proposed antenna has good matching input impedance with a stable radiation pattern at 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz, and 5.8 GHz.
Radio frequency (RF) refers to frequencies between the upper limit of audio frequencies (> 20 KHz) and the lower limit of infrared frequencies (< 300 GHz). The increased popularity and easy operation of RF devices for different end users and corporate applications such as RFID, Bluetooth, Zigbee and Wi-Fi devices and sensors have raised the demand for small power and less off-chip components that tend to achieve integrated circuits with added security and convenience. Concurrent technologies allow the scientists to reinvent low-power, high-performance and reliable RF systems, circuits and components for many home and commercial applications. The features of RF systems, circuits and components are still being researched and integrated in existing systems to create marketable and potential new RF products for more exciting applications.
This chapter presents the design of some miniature antenna for RFID application, in the ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band at 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz, by using two techniques. The first technique is the use of slots inserted into the microstrip antenna, and the second technique is the use of the fractal structure. In the end, both techniques are used together in one structure to get the benefit of each technique at the same time. These antennas are designed for RFID system. They can be used in a variety of fields such as access control, transport, banks, health, and logistics. One major consideration for handheld and portable RFID system applications is the compact size. Therefore, the design of miniature RFID antennas is important, and the microstrip antenna is a good choice because they are known to be low-profile, low weight, easy to make, and mechanically robust.
