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Microscopical view of Spinacia oleracea leaf [A: phloem, B: xylem, C: spongy parenchyma, D: lower collenchyma].

Microscopical view of Spinacia oleracea leaf [A: phloem, B: xylem, C: spongy parenchyma, D: lower collenchyma].

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Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is an edible flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae native to central and western Asia. Its leaves are eaten as a vegetable. Spinach has a high nutritional value because it is a rich source of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin K, magnesium, manganese, iron , riboflavin vitamin B6, vitamin E, calcium, potassium, and diet...

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... Flavones can also be divided into proanthocyanidins, epicatechins, and catechins. Over 25,000 phytochemicals have been identified in total, and the majority of these compounds are found in high concentrations in the colourful sections of plants, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole grains, etc [7][8][9][10] . ...
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The South Indian region is renowned for having a wide range of biological species. Sesbaniya grandiflora, Solanum nigrum, Moringa oleifera, and Spinacia oleracea were the four lettuces chosen for this study. The current study's objectives were to identify the presence of phytochemicals, quantitative analysis of total phenolic, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and alkaloid contents, and determine the qualitative analysis of terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, philobatanins, proteins, coumarins, emodin, antharoquinoe, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, cardiac amino acids, and phenol in the chosen lettuce plants. Water, methanol, acetone, and ethanol all were employed as solvents. Our research demonstrated that these evaluated plants' crude aqueous and organic solvent extracts contain medically significant bioactive components, which supports their usage in traditional medicines for the treatment of medical illnesses.