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Microglanis maculatus , paratype, MZUEL 5925, 20.5 mm SL, ribeirão Pouso Alegre, tributary of rio dos Patos, upper rio Tocantins basin, Barro Alto, Goiás State, Brazil.
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A new species of Microglanis is described from the upper rio Tocantins basin, Barro Alto, Goias State, Brazil. This species is distinguished from the others by presenting a unique color pattern, consisting of round spots in the flank between the larger dark brown blotches. Moreover, it can be distinguished by the combination of the following featur...
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Context 1
... Microglanis maculatus differs from all its congeners by the presence of rounded spots in the flank. Furthermore, it differs from its congeners, except M. robustus , by the following combination of features: caudal fin emarginated with upper lobe slightly longer than the lower, light spot in nuchal region very small or absent. Microglanis maculatus differs from M. robustus by single hooks on anterior margin of pectoral-fin spine ( vs . bifurcated hooks between antrorse and retrorse hooks), rays of pectoral fin I, 6 ( vs . I, 5); anterior blotch of trunk U shaped ( vs. inverted U shaped); broad dark stripes on dorsal and caudal fins ( vs . thin), lower values of dorsal-fin spine length (6.9-11.1% SL vs . 11.3-15.4% SL), pectoral-fin spine length (12.9-17.7% SL, vs . 16.4-20.6% SL), and orbital diameter (11.5-12.6% SL vs . 14.7-16.4% SL); and higher values of mouth width (16.8-17.5% SL vs. 11.4-13.2% SL). Description. Morphometric data are presented in Table 1. Body depressed from snout to dorsal-fin origin; posteriorly compressed. Profile slightly oblique upward from snout tip to posterior nostril, slightly convex from posterior nostril to nape, and convex from nape to dorsal-fin origin. Profile from dorsal-fin origin to end of adipose-fin base almost straight (not considering adipose fin), oblique downward. Dorsal profile straighter on small specimens (Fig. 2). Ventral profile from tip of lower jaw to end of anal-fin base slightly convex, almost straight. More convex in young specimens (Fig. 2). Head large, wider than deep. Mouth terminal, slightly prognathous. Opercular membrane large, well developed. Eye relatively small, lateral-superiorly positioned, covered by skin. Anterior nostril tubular, over lip. Maxillary barbel reaching distal opercular edge. Outer mental barbel reaching pectoral- fin base. Anterior cranial fontanel not extending beyond posterior orbital border. Dorsal fin trapezoidal; posterior border rounded; origin anterior to midpoint of standard length; not reaching adipose- fin origin when adpressed; first lepidotrichium (“spinelet”) small and rigid, forming dorsal-fin locking mechanism; second ray forming spine; I, 6*(4). Adipose fin slightly elongated, posterior border angular and free. Pectoral fin triangular, not reaching pelvic-fin origin when adpressed; first ray rigid and strongly serrate on both sides (only retrorses hooks on anterior margin of pectoral fin in small specimens, and antrorses and retrorses in large specimen (Fig. 3), all single; I, 6*(4). Pelvic fin rounded, originating just posterior to vertical through end of dorsal-fin base, not reaching anal-fin origin when adpressed; i, 5*(4). Distal profile of anal fin rounded; anal-fin base length slightly smaller than adipose-fin base; iii, 7*(2) or iv, 5(2). Caudal fin emarginated, lobes distal profile rounded, upper lobe slightly longer than lower lobe; principal rays 7, 8*(4). Pores of lateral-line extending just beyond vertical through posterior margin of pelvic-fin. Total gill rakers 7(1), 8(1), or 9*(2). Axillary pore absent. Six ribs; free vertebral centra 26 (total = 32 vertebrae) in holotype. Color in alcohol. Dorsal region of head, from tip of snout to nape, dark brown, ventrally continuing in suborbital and opercular region to horizontal passing through angle of mouth; intermediate region with light blotch. Ventral ...
Context 2
... Microglanis maculatus differs from all its congeners by the presence of rounded spots in the flank. Furthermore, it differs from its congeners, except M. robustus , by the following combination of features: caudal fin emarginated with upper lobe slightly longer than the lower, light spot in nuchal region very small or absent. Microglanis maculatus differs from M. robustus by single hooks on anterior margin of pectoral-fin spine ( vs . bifurcated hooks between antrorse and retrorse hooks), rays of pectoral fin I, 6 ( vs . I, 5); anterior blotch of trunk U shaped ( vs. inverted U shaped); broad dark stripes on dorsal and caudal fins ( vs . thin), lower values of dorsal-fin spine length (6.9-11.1% SL vs . 11.3-15.4% SL), pectoral-fin spine length (12.9-17.7% SL, vs . 16.4-20.6% SL), and orbital diameter (11.5-12.6% SL vs . 14.7-16.4% SL); and higher values of mouth width (16.8-17.5% SL vs. 11.4-13.2% SL). Description. Morphometric data are presented in Table 1. Body depressed from snout to dorsal-fin origin; posteriorly compressed. Profile slightly oblique upward from snout tip to posterior nostril, slightly convex from posterior nostril to nape, and convex from nape to dorsal-fin origin. Profile from dorsal-fin origin to end of adipose-fin base almost straight (not considering adipose fin), oblique downward. Dorsal profile straighter on small specimens (Fig. 2). Ventral profile from tip of lower jaw to end of anal-fin base slightly convex, almost straight. More convex in young specimens (Fig. 2). Head large, wider than deep. Mouth terminal, slightly prognathous. Opercular membrane large, well developed. Eye relatively small, lateral-superiorly positioned, covered by skin. Anterior nostril tubular, over lip. Maxillary barbel reaching distal opercular edge. Outer mental barbel reaching pectoral- fin base. Anterior cranial fontanel not extending beyond posterior orbital border. Dorsal fin trapezoidal; posterior border rounded; origin anterior to midpoint of standard length; not reaching adipose- fin origin when adpressed; first lepidotrichium (“spinelet”) small and rigid, forming dorsal-fin locking mechanism; second ray forming spine; I, 6*(4). Adipose fin slightly elongated, posterior border angular and free. Pectoral fin triangular, not reaching pelvic-fin origin when adpressed; first ray rigid and strongly serrate on both sides (only retrorses hooks on anterior margin of pectoral fin in small specimens, and antrorses and retrorses in large specimen (Fig. 3), all single; I, 6*(4). Pelvic fin rounded, originating just posterior to vertical through end of dorsal-fin base, not reaching anal-fin origin when adpressed; i, 5*(4). Distal profile of anal fin rounded; anal-fin base length slightly smaller than adipose-fin base; iii, 7*(2) or iv, 5(2). Caudal fin emarginated, lobes distal profile rounded, upper lobe slightly longer than lower lobe; principal rays 7, 8*(4). Pores of lateral-line extending just beyond vertical through posterior margin of pelvic-fin. Total gill rakers 7(1), 8(1), or 9*(2). Axillary pore absent. Six ribs; free vertebral centra 26 (total = 32 vertebrae) in holotype. Color in alcohol. Dorsal region of head, from tip of snout to nape, dark brown, ventrally continuing in suborbital and opercular region to horizontal passing through angle of mouth; intermediate region with light blotch. Ventral ...
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Citations
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