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Meloe rufiventris, SEM photographs of first instar larva. a – habitus in lateral; b – ventral view; c – head dorsal; d – head ventral; e – left antenna ventral; f – prothoracic claw ventral; g – spiracles on mesothoracic, 1 st and 2 nd abdominal segment in lateral view; h – left spiracle on 1 st abdominal segment in lateral view.
Source publication
The first instar larvae (triungulins) of Meloe (Meloegonius Reitter) rufiventris Germar, 1817, M. (Micromeloe Reitter) uralensis Pallas, 1777 and M. (Eurymeloe Reitter) scabriusculus Brandt & Erichson, 1832 are described, which were before unknown. The systematic relationship to closely related species is discussed. A key is included which allows t...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Triungulin campodeiform; body elongate, nearly parallel sided (Figs 1a, b). Body length (from labrum to pygidium) 1.20-1.70 ...
Context 2
... Head transverse, 1.5 times wider than long, widest at stemmata (Fig. 1c); anterior margin rounded. Stemmata laterally situated, prominent, set in the first basal third of head. Transverse ridge at base of vertex. Epicranial suture Y-shaped, with short stem (less than 1/10 of head length), dividing into arms near head base just behind the stemmata; arms clearly diverging from base towards the edge of ...
Context 3
... sensory pit between FCR2 and FCR3; two pairs of setae along arms of epicranial suture; sensory pit near first pair; frons with 2-3 pairs of additional setae laterally. Two pairs of setae (one moderately long and one short) to either side of epicranial stem. One sensory pit and one long ocular seta posterior to each stemma. Antennal segment I (Fig. 1e) very short, transverse and approximately twice as wide as long; segment II approximately 1.8 times longer than wide, asymmetrical, sensory appendix not visible; seg- ment III slender, approximately seven times longer than wide and as long as segment I and II together or slightly longer; terminal seta approximately 1.3 times longer ...
Context 4
... transverse and approximately twice as wide as long; segment II approximately 1.8 times longer than wide, asymmetrical, sensory appendix not visible; seg- ment III slender, approximately seven times longer than wide and as long as segment I and II together or slightly longer; terminal seta approximately 1.3 times longer than entire antenna. Labrum (Fig. 1d) narrow, transverse, with rounded sides, not visible dorsally and distinctly sepa- rated from frontoclypeus; with 19-20 short setae: 17-18 along the edge and two in middle of labrum. Maxillary and labial palpi elongate, cylindrical. Segment III of max- illary palpi slightly obliquely truncate, with eleven short, evenly distributed ...
Context 5
... basal third with one long seta, ventrally situated, and approximately as long as femur; several shorter setae adjacent to elongate seta. Tibiae slender, moderately compressed and only slightly tapered. Claw compressed, basal pair of setae narrowly spathulate and slightly longitudinally corrugated, together forming a trident-like structure (Fig. ...
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... All spiracles circular, positioned laterally, not projected beyond thoracic and abdominal segments (Fig. 1g). Those on mesonotum and abdominal segment I equal in size, twice the diameter of those on abdominal segments II-VIII. Marginal rings not protruding. At least spiracles on mesonotum and first abdominal segment ( Fig. 1h) with a reticulate surface internally, and strength- ened by a hexagonal pattern of partially elevated strips and ...
Context 7
... All spiracles circular, positioned laterally, not projected beyond thoracic and abdominal segments (Fig. 1g). Those on mesonotum and abdominal segment I equal in size, twice the diameter of those on abdominal segments II-VIII. Marginal rings not protruding. At least spiracles on mesonotum and first abdominal segment ( Fig. 1h) with a reticulate surface internally, and strength- ened by a hexagonal pattern of partially elevated strips and sieve-like ...
Context 8
... Claw compressed; basal pair of setae narrowly spathulate, together forming a trident-like structure (Fig. 1f). Head hexagonal. Length of 3 rd antennal segment twice that of 2 nd ; 2 nd antennal segment slightly longer than wide; ter- minal seta approximately three times the length of antenna . . . . . . . . . . . M. (Meloegonius) cicatricosus Leach, 1815 -Head regularly rounded. 3 rd antennal segment nearly as long or slightly shorter than 2 ...
Context 9
... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. (Treiodous) autumnalis Olivier, 1792 -Basal pair of claw setae yellow. 3 rd antennal segment longer or only slightly shorter than 2 nd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8 3 rd antennal segment longer than 2 nd . Ocular seta strong and much longer than adjacent setae (Fig. 1a) ...
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Citations
... Majka uralská je xerotermní druh nalézaný na fragmentech sprašových a vápencových stepí, okrajích vinic, sadů a polí (Roubal 1936;Čížek et al. 2012). Druh preferuje raně sukcesní biotopy se sporou vegetací (Čížek et al. 2012 (Vrabec et al. 2001;Lückmann & Scharf 2004;Lückmann & Assman 2005). Dramatický úbytek ranně sukcesních biotopů v krajině společně s mizením hostitelů, tj. ...
... Zanesení triungulinů m. uralské na hostitelském druhu lze vnímat jako problematické z důvodu izolovanosti lokality, kdy Němčice nad Hanou jsou vzdáleny 40-60 km od nejbližších známých míst výskytu druhu. Současně m. uralská je považována za druh, který se nešíří pomocí larvální forezie vzhledem k morfologii a dosud známé etologii triungulinů podrodu Micromeloe (srovnej Vrabec et al. 2001;Lückmann & Scharf 2004;Lückmann & Assman 2005). ...
Acta Carpathica Occidentalis 12: 134–139.
First faunistic records of critically endangered meloid beetle Meloe uralensis in Central Moravia (Czech Republic) and notes on its biology and conservation are presented. Discovered locality Němčice nad Hanou is northernmost occupied place in the Czech Republic. During three years, 24 adults were observed. They were active from mid- March to the end of April under sunny conditions with temperature 13-24 °C. Most of adults were observed in margin of fields (running or eating cereals in most cases, less frequently sunning on higher vegetation). Several potential hosts (bees) were observed: Andrena flavipes, A. subopaca, Colletes cunicularius, Lasioglossum lineare, L. malachurum and L. morio. Discovered locality represents unique island of heterogeneous mosaic of diversely managed landscape in region with prevailing uniform arable land. The mosaic consists of small-size patches (less than 1 ha) of extensive fields, orchards, gardens etc. Besides M. uralensis, sympatric occurrence of several threatened species bound to steppe or forest steppehabitats underlines high biological value of the locality. Therefore, maintenance of current extensive management seems to be appropriate conservation measure for M. uralensis.
... Sampled localities are ordered by country, from north to south and from west to east. The key was built basing both on direct study of specimens and on descriptions available in the literature Bologna et al. 1989;Lückmann & Kuhlmann 1997;Di Giulio et al. 2002;Lückmann & Scharf 2004); when contrasting characters were found, direct observation was considered more reliable. Adults were reared at 24-25 • C in a thermostatic chamber with photoperiod control; females oviposited in sand provided as a substrate in rearing boxes, and their eggs were kept till hatching. ...
In this paper the larval morphology of the Palaearctic Meloe subgenera Eurymeloe and Coelomeloe is revised. We describe the first instar larva of Meloe (Eurymeloe) apenninicus, endemic to the Italian peninsula and, comparatively, triungulins of three more species of the subgenus Eurymeloe: M. apivorus, M. ganglbaueri, misidentified in literature, and of M. mediterraneus, incompletely described. Descriptions are accompanied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) photos of diagnostic characters and by a table reporting the size of the morphological details of 11 Euro-Mediterranean species and of M. (Coelomeloe) tuccius. The taxonomic position of the subgenus Coelomeloe and its distinction from Eurymeloe are discussed on the basis of larval morphology. Taxonomical problems concerning some Eurymeloe species are also discussed. A key to first instar larvae of all known Eurymeloe and Coelomeloe triungulins is provided.
... Females oviposit in chambers dug in the ground, the first instar larvae, called triungulins, disperse and attach to bees which carry them to their nests (Hafernik and Saul-Gershenz 2000;Lückmann and Niehuis, 2009). Triungulins of subgenus Micromeloe (see bellow) are assumed not to be phoretic, and find the host nests on their own (Vrabec et al. 2001;di Giulio et al. 2002;Lückmann and Scharf 2004;Lückmann 2005; but see Vrabec 2005b) suggesting their low mobility and closer association between distribution of Micromeloe adults and host nests. The assumption of non-phoretic triungulins, however, seems contradicted by the rapid spread of Micromeloe decorus to distant and isolated sites (Vrabec 1993. ...
Temperate grasslands are local biodiversity hotspots. In Europe, their extent was mostly reduced to isolated habitat patches,
whose biota is subject to extinction debt. Knowledge on requirements of dry-grassland inhabitants is thus vital to slow down
decline of grassland biodiversity. We studied habitat requirements of eight flightless steppe beetles, including some of the
most endangered dry-grassland specialists of the continent. The beetles were sampled using 167 pitfall traps at a pannonian
dry-grassland fragment, the Pouzdrany steppe, SE Czech Republic, from March to November 2006. The number of each species captures
in each trap was related to vegetation and abiotic habitat characteristics; captures of all beetles were related to each other.
Two of the studied species required relatively humid microhabitats, including tall-grass steppe with litter (Carabus hungaricus, Carabidae) and grassland of high herb cover (Meloe proscarabaeus, Meloidae). Others were associated with xeric habitats (e.g. Meloe scabriusculus) and their early-successional stages, including short-turf vegetation (Dorcadion fulvum, D. pedestre, Cerambycidae) and/or bare-ground patches (Blaps lethifera, Tenebrionidae; Meloe decorus, M. uralensis). Our findings point to key importance of early-successional vegetation for grassland biodiversity, and to the fact that
locally co-occurring and closely related grassland specialists may exhibit contrasting habitat needs. Spatially and temporarily
highly diversified patch management creating a fine scale mosaic of various seral stages from bare soil to tall-grass steppe
is therefore the most appropriate approach for managing isolated grasslands. Prescribed burning and support of burrowing herbivores
are recommended and discussed together with other measures for restoration of habitat diversity in dry-grassland fragments.
... COMENTARIOS: Descrito originalmente como subgénero, elevado a nivel genérico por Selander (1985Selander ( , 1991 sin que dicha actuación se mantenga en trabajos posteriores Bologna, 1991Bologna, , 2008Bologna & Pinto, 1992, 1995, 1998Di Giulio et al., 2002;Lückmann & Scharf, 2004). Grenier, 1863 Meloe baudueri Grenier, 1863: 92 (!) Terra typica: "Sos, près Nérac" COMENTARIOS: Confundida con muchas otras especies del subgénero Eurymeloe, especialmente con M. nanus y M. murinus, hasta su tratamiento definitivo en la revisión de Bologna (1988). ...
En este trabajo presentamos un listado sinonímico actualizado de la fauna de Meloidae (Coleoptera) de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. En el listado actual se recogen las sinonimias correspondientes a 65 táxones de nivel especie. Se han revisado las publicaciones donde se incluyen las descripciones originales de la mayoría de los táxones y nombres de las especies ibero baleares de Meloidae. Esta revisión ha llevado a diversas correcciones y actualizaciones tanto en la grafía de algunos nombres, como en las las referencias originales, incluyendo cambios de fechas o de paginación con respecto a catálogos anteriores. El trabajo se ilustra con fotografías de 13 ejemplares tipo. Existen una serie de problemas nomenclaturales y taxonómicos aún por resolver, que podrían producir cambios en el listado actual. Entre estos problemas destacan el caso de la nomenclatura de M. maculosopunctata que requiere revisión, la adscripción específica correcta de la cita ibérica de M. tricincta, la revisión del estatus taxonómico de Meloe ibericus, que se mantiene a nivel específico en espera de la revisión del grupo de especies afines a M. brevicollis, la revisión del estatus de Sitaris melanura y el problema taxonómico del subgénero Meloe en las Islas Baleares.
... Sin embargo, Bologna et al. (1989), Bologna & Pinto (1992, 1995, 1998) y Di Giulio et al. (2002) , a partir del estudio comparado de las larvas de estadio I, concluyen que Eurymeloe ha de considerarse un mero subgénero de Meloe; hipótesis que apoyan Bologna & Pinto (2001) mediante análisis filogenéticos basados en caracteres tanto larvarios como imaginales y comportamentales. Recientemente,, Lückmann & Scharf (2004) y Bologna (2008a) mantienen esta categoría subgenérica. No obstante, en lo concerniente a la sinonimia propuesta por Selander (1985 Selander ( , 1991) para Coelomeloe, Bologna (1991, 2008b), Bologna et al. (1989), Bologna & Pinto (1995) y Di Giulio et al. (2002) señalan que posiblemente sea correcta, apoyada en la morfología larvaria muy similar, pero debido a las marcadas diferencias en la fase adulta estiman más adecuado mantenerlo temporalmente como subgénero válido, aunque filogenéticamente cercano a Eurymeloe. ...
We describe a new species of Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae), subgenus Eurymeloe , included in the M. rugosus species group, related to species of the M. murinus subgroup. The specimens of the new species studied were found along the western Rif mountain chain (Talassemtane National Park) in northwestern Morocco, and were located in hiperhumid montane forest habitats. The new species is characterized by having: a dull black coloration with greyish hue; a very short, curved, and not dense, yellow-whitish pilosity, which does not form tufts; a subrectangular transverse pronotum with a marked median grove and two longitudinal lateral depressions; head and pronotum punctures well impressed and subconfluent; elytra sligtly rugose; tarsomeres with slightly developed ventral pads; aedeagus with curved parameres, laterally depressed, apically pointed, with the distal ventral hook of median lobe close to apex. The new taxon es phenetically similar to M. nanus, M. baudueri and M. flavicomus , but distinguished from all of them by the mentioned morphological external and male genitalia characters. The distribution of the new species, only known from its type locality, overlaps those of M. murinus, M. nanus and possibly M. baudueri , but so far it has not been found in strict sympatry with any of them. The habitat type inhabited by the new species, mountain areas with mixed forests of Pinus pinaster hamiltonii var. maghrebiana, P. nigra mauritanica and Abies maroccana (endemic taxa of the limestone northwestern Rif mountain chain), contrasts with other habitat types recorded for species of the M. (E). murinus species subgroup of the subgenus Eurymeloe .
Se describe una especie nueva de Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae) del subgénero Eurymeloe , del grupo de M. rugosus , relacionada con especies del subgrupo de M. murinus . Los ejemplares estudiados de la especie nueva proceden del Rif occidental (Parque Nacional de Talassemtane, dorsal caliza rifeña), en el noroeste de Marruecos y se localizaron en hábitat forestal hiperhúmedo de montaña. La nueva especie se caracteriza por presentar: coloración negro mate con tonalidad grisácea; pilosidad blanquecino-amarillenta, muy corta, curvada y poco densa que no forma mechones; pronoto transverso, subrectangular, con surco medio longitudinal y depresiones longitudinales a ambos lados; punteado de cabeza y pronoto impreso y subconfluente; élitros apenas rugosos; artejos tarsales con cepillos pilosos poco desarrollados; edeago con lóbulos paramerales curvados con depresiones laterales y terminados en punta aguda, y lóbulo medio con el diente distal de la zona ventral cercano al ápice. El nuevo taxon es fenéticamente afín a M. nanus, M. baudueri y M. flavicomus , pero diferenciado de ellos tanto por los caracteres morfológicos externos como del edeago indicados. Esta especie, conocida únicamente de la localidad tipo, comparte área geográfica general con M. murinus, M. nanus y posiblemente M. baudueri , si bien hasta el momento no se ha detectado simpatría estricta con ninguna de ellas. El tipo de hábitat en el que se localiza la especie nueva, áreas de montaña con formaciones forestales mixtas de Pinus pinaster hamiltonii var. maghrebiana, P. nigra mauritanica y Abies maroccana (exclusivas del Rif calizo noroccidental), contrasta con los señalados para esas otras especies de Eurymeloe del subgrupo de M. (E.) murinus .
Monitoring and marking schemes for the Oil Beetle Meloe rugosus Marsham, 1802 at Mill Bank, Penallt, Monmouthshire, confirm that the population is internationally significant, may exceed 300 individuals and benefits from traditional land management. The population is associated with a range of mining bee genera and is spatially constrained by aspect and conferred microclimatic effects. Beetles emerge in waves directly correlated with air and soil temperature and individual beetles may survive for months with a theoretical ability to produce astonishing numbers of eggs. Triungulins appear from at least April to June inclusive and have an affinity with flowers of dandelion Taraxacum sensu lato . The population is believed to have been favoured by medieval to early post-medieval woodland clearance episodes.
Triungulins are young instar larvae of meloid (blister) beetles. Blister beetles are pest insects feeding on flowering bodies of several agricultural and non agricultural plants. On the contrary Xylocopa letipes Drury is very potential plant pollinator but triungulins of Nemognatha plazata Fab. act as limiting factor of X. letipes population by parasitism. Therefore, any advance knowledge on host parasite association of this model will add great relevance in protecting X. letipes. Triungulins of blister beetle N. plazata ascended on X. letipes body during the visits to flowers of Peltophorum pterocarpum L. and later brought to the Xylocopa nesting. Triungulins used grubs of X. letipes for food. The triungulins N. plazata were different from others by having 1 or 2 stemmata on each side of head and was not parallel sided but pointed and with two short bristles to posterior side of the body. Triungulin aggregations responded as bridge between to substrates, contraction and expansion of biomass for external stimuli and as attractant for N. plazata. The per cent parasitism recorded on X. Letipes was 36.84% and 37. 14% in the years 2014 and 2015 respectively and Xylocopa comfortably carried the load of 23 triungulins on its body.
The use of blister beetles (Coleoptera, Meloidae) in medicine from antiquity to present day.. This chapter first provides an introduction to the family of the Meloidae presenting general information on the istribution, morphology, systematics, etymology and biology, of blister beetles. After that a review of the historical and current significance of the blister beetle s is presented, with special reference to the field of medicine. Their importance in medicine is primarily based on their ability to produce the highly toxic compound cantharidin, which causes dose dependent curative but also lethal effects. Based on these substance properties, meloid beetles were known in many cultures not only as a remedy but also as a deadly poison for more than 3,500 years. In particular, its use as an aphrodisiac was once very popular. Meloid beetles and cantharidin are still used nowadays. Aside from their utilization in homoeopathy and naturopathy, thier range of application in medical research is continually increasing days.
phologie, Systematik, Etymologie und Biologie wird sowohl die historische als auch die aktuelle Bedeutung der Ölkäfer, insbesondere im medizinischen Bereich dargestellt. Diese beruht auf der Fähigkeit, die sehr giftige Substanz Cantharidin, die je nach Dosis eine heilende aber auch tödliche Wirkung besitzt, zu bilden. Aufgrund dieser Substanzeigenschaften waren Ölkäfer sowohl als
Heilmittel aber auch als tödlich wirksames Gift seit über 3.500 Jahren in vielen Kulturen bekannt. Besonders populär war ihr Gebrauch als Potenzmittel. Meloidae bzw. Cantharidin werden auch in unserer heutigen Zeit noch gebraucht. Neben ihrer Verwendung in der Homöopathie und der Naturheilkunde gewinnen die Einsatzmöglichkeiten in der medizinischen Forschung zunehmend an Bedeutung.
