FIGURE 1 - uploaded by Ki-Joong Kim
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Melampyrum koreanum K.-J. Kim & S.-M. Yun. A. Flowering branches. B. Upper corolla lobes and stamens. C. Developing flowers. D. Mature flower. E. Calyx and style. F. Lower leaf. G-H. Upper bract-like leaves. I-J. Capsules. K. Seeds. All scale bars are 1 cm. Drawn from the holotype K.-J. Kim and Seok Min Yun 2008-1561(KUS).
Source publication
A new species, Melampyrum koreanum K.-J. Kim & S.-M. Yun, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to M. roseum Maxim. in general habit, but the new species has a corolla tube and style up to 3 cm long. The new species occurs on one of the islands of the southern Korean peninsula.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... koreanum K.-J. Kim & S.-M. Yun, sp. nov. Fig. 1 Herbs, annuals, hemiparasites; glabrous or pubescent; stems erect, 50-90 cm tall, with many opposite branches. Leaves opposite, glabrous; lower leaves lanceolate, 1.0-1.5 cm wide, 4.0-5.5 cm long, petiole 0.4- 0.9 cm long, mid-vein distinct on the lower surface, lateral veins opaque, base acute, tip acute, margin entire; upper leaves ...
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Citations
... Yun 2012, was recorded based on a longer corolla tube and style than Melampyrum roseum Maxim. 1859 (Kim and Yun 2012). This species grows in the islands located in the southern sea of Korea. ...
Melampyrum koreanum K.-J. Kim and S.-M. Yun 2012 (Orobanchaceae) is a hemi-parasitic herb, endemic to Korea. Here, the chloroplast genome of this species is reported. It was found to be 143,865 bp long, with a large single-copy region of 83,133 bp, a small single-copy region of 10,308 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,212 bp each. The chloroplast genome harbors 124 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and eight ribosomal RNA genes. Among the identified genes, rpoA and several ndh genes were determined to be pseudogenized due to the stop codon in the middle of the gene. The phylogenetic tree of the family was reconstructed based on 20 protein-coding genes, conserved across studied taxa. As a result, Melampyrum L. 1753 species were found to form a monophyletic group in the family.
... Melampyrum koreanum Kim and Yun (2012: 48) is a species recorded on Somaemul-do, Hansan-myeon, Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, which is a small island in the South Sea of Korea (Kim & Yun 2012). This species has the longest floral tube and pistil (about 30 mm in length) in the genus Melampyrum Linnaeus (1753: 605) (Orobanchaceae). ...
... In particular, the length and the shape of the corolla and the length of the pistil easily distinguish M. koreanum from other Melampyrum species. Most Melampyrum species, including three previously recognized Korean species, have floral lips with wide entries and short floral tube lengths (<15 mm), which allow effective pollination by wasps or bees, whereas it has been reported a hawk moth may be the pollinator of M. koreanum because its corolla is thin and long (Kim & Yun 2012). ...
Melampyrum koreanum (Orobanchaceae) was described recently as an endemic species in Korea. This study examined the distribution range, relationship with the host plant, flower developmental pattern, pollinator, pollination mechanism, and seed development of M. koreanum (Orobanchaceae) on the island of Somaemul-do, Korea. M. koreanum is hemiparasitic and a strong candidate for its host plant is Pinus thunbergii, with which it is distributed sympatrically. The flower of M. koreanum represents a typical hawk moth pollination syndrome. Macroglossum pyrrhostictum Butler (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera), a diurnal hawk moth, is the only efficient pollinator. The proboscis length of M. pyrrhostictum and the floral tube length of M. koreanum are well coordinated, and the positions of the anther and stigma of M. koreanum are mechanically conformed to hawk moth pollination. The results suggest that adaptation to the pollinator is the main factor that has affected the evolution of the longer floral tube of M. koreanum compare to other species. Pollinator conservation in the native range of M. koreanum is an important issue for the conservation of endemic plant species, and it is necessary to establish a conservation plan for the host plant, Pinus thunbergii, as well as M. koreanum.
This study was carried out to survey the flora of Hongdo Island in Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. Specimens collected from previous Hongdo flora studies were reexamined using a relevant biodiversity database, and field surveys were carried out 22 times from April of 2003 to October of 2020. Based on the specimens collected during both previous studies and this study, the identified vascular plants of Hongdo consisted of 472 taxa comprising 102 families, 296 genera, 425 species, 6 subspecies, and 41 varieties. Among them, 111 taxa are newly recorded in this study, and 6 taxa are described in detail in terms of their morphological characteristics and habitat. Also, 29 taxa were reviewed or re-identified with corresponding taxonomic annotations. In Korea, Hongdo represents the northern distributional limit of the 4 taxa of Goodyera biflora, Damnacanthus major, Calanthe aristulifera, and Hemerocallis hongdoensis. Moreover, Hosta yingeri and Saussurea polylepis are endemic to Hongdo and nearby islands in Korea. Distribution maps of these species were prepared. Protected species designated by the Ministry of Environment were 7 taxa consisting of 2 taxa of level I, specifically Sedirea japonica and Neofinetia falcata, and 5 taxa of level II, which were Cymbidium macrorhizon, Woodwardia japonica, Dendrobium moniliforme, Calanthe aristulifera, and Bulbophyllum inconspicuum. Red list plants as designated by the National Institute of Biological Resources numbered 11 taxa. Naturalized plants numbered 40 taxa.
The article provides information on type specimens of 33 species (94 sheets) of vascular plants, kept in the herbarium of the National Institute of Biological Resources (KB) of the Republic of Korea. Most of the type specimens in KB were donated by the Herbaria of Ajou University (AJOU), Chonbuk National University (JNU), Chungbuk National University (CBU), Hallym University (HHU), Korea Plant Research Institute (KPRI), Seoul National University (SNU), and others in recent years. For all specimens, the type category is indicated. There were 15 sheets for holotypes, 57 sheets for isotypes, and 22 sheets for paratypes. There were seven species of Pteridophytes, 22 species of Dicotyledons, and four species of Monocotyledons. The most represented genera in the 33 species are Corydalis (seven species) and Isoetes (four species). The type specimens examined in this article belong to the taxa described by Korean botanists, Byoung-Un Oh, Byoung-Yoon Lee, Byung-Yun Sun, Chong-Wook Park, Hong-Keun Choi, Young-Dong Kim, and others.
In the flora of Albania, the genus Allium comprises ca. 23 species whereas the genus Melampyrum L. contains six species, recorded overall Albania. In the following, based on the extensive research carried out during years 2010-2013, two other species, Allium phthioticum and A. victorialis, and one Melampyrum bihariense (Cow-wheat) have been recorded as new for the flora of Albania. A. victorialis (Victory onion) and M. bihariense (Cow-wheat) were found in Shishtaveci area, Kukësi district, between 1250 and 2100 m, whereas A. phthioticum in Shebeniku and Kunora e Lurës Mts, between 1550 and 1900 m a.s.l. They occur in different habitat types of ophiolithic and siliceous substrates in the northeastern parts of the country. Data on taxonomy, ecology, population size and distribution of Allium phthioticum, Allium victorialis and Melampyrum bihariense are given in this paper. INTRODUCTION The Allium L. is a large genus which contain between 260 (Rahn, 1998) and 779 species (Govaerts, 2013), distributed overall the world. They are mostly used as important species in economy, such as garlic and leek as much as in medicine. In contrast, the genus Melampyrum L. is relativel small genus with ca. 20 species, that include semi parasite herbaceous flowering plants of the family Orobanchacea (Kim & Yun, 2012). In the Flora of Albania there are described 23 Allium species and six species from the genus Melampyrum L. (Vangjeli et al., 2000; Qosja et al., 1996). In this paper, as a result of our research, we are presenting two species from the genus Allium L. and one species of Melampyrum, new for the Flora of Albania.
