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Means of final germination percentage (%), mean germination time, germination index (%), seedling vigor index and energy of germination as affected by salinity concentrations.
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In order to study the response of some Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars i.e. Giza 1, Giza 2, Giza 3, Giza 3, Giza 4, Giza 195, Giza 531, and Chickpea stand1to germination under salinity concentrations i.e. control treatment, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 dSm-1 NaCl and to confirm the seedling growth performance. A laboratory experiment was laid out a...
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... Table 2 revealed that Giza 35 cultivar gave highest mean germination time, which was 5.87 day, followed by Giza 21 and Giza 83 cultivars came in the second rank, which were 5.44 and 5.38 day, respectively without significant differences between them. ...Similar publications
Salinity has negative impact on plants such as poor germination, reduction in root length, reduction in shoot length and adverse effect on early seedling growth. In order to study the effect of salinity (NaCl 180 mM) on seed germination of soybean, an experiment was conducted to screen 82 diverse soybean genotypes. The results revealed that salinit...
Salinity is one of the most destructive factors among the abiotic stresses, which limit the crop production considerably and ability of salt tolerance among the genotypes of a species may be varied. Appropriate nutrients application on salinity condition may alleviate its harmful effects. To achieve the aforementioned objectives, two pot experiment...
Salinity stress is one of the major plant growth-limiting factors in agriculture. It causes ionic imbalance, thus decrease the growth and yield attributes of crops especially wheat. Seedling stage is considered as one of the most sensitive stages under salinity stress. Survival of seeds at seedling stage can overcome the adverse impacts of salinity...
Salinity is an emerging problem among the abiotic stresses of plants in Bangladesh. One easy way to cope with the problem of salinity is to exploit the genetic potential of plants for their adaptability to adverse soil conditions. Salt tolerance improvement might be achieved through selection from already existing germplasm which can be done by qui...
An investigation was conducted to study the response of antioxidants seed priming on rice cultivars and their effect on germination under salinity levels. The result indicated that the highest in shoot height (cm), root height (cm), seedling vigor index, and other related parameters, relative dry weight% were produced from Sakha 106 cultivar. The l...
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... Shoot dry weight and root dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 70°C for 72 h. After final count, water uptake percentage (Gairola et al., 2011), germination percentage (Kandil et al., 2012), germination index and relative injury rate (Li, 2008), mean germination time (Ellis & Roberts, 1981), Biomass (Carpýcý et al., 2009), Salt tolerance Tsegay & Gebreslassie, 2014) and Seedling height reduction (Islam & Karim, 2010) were measured Statistical Analysis The data obtained were subjected SPSS window version 22 to a two-way analysis of variance to determine the differences between treatments and varieties, and when significance occurred, means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test at p<0.05 significance level. ...
To study salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) at early germination stages, MR219 seeds were tested to check tolerance to salinity stress at five different levels which included 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250mM, and distilled water was used as control (0mM) with Completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Data were analyzed by two-way Analysis of Variance method (ANOVA), using a Statistical Analysis System (SPSS window, version 22). MR219 seeds were surface sterilized before the experiment. Data were recorded for 14 days focusing on different traits like root and shoot length, fresh weights, biomass, water uptake percentage, germination percentage, seed vigor index, relative injury rate, mean germination time and salt tolerance (ST). Results from the above-mentioned traits showed that salinity affected almost all parameters. MR219 seeds were tolerant to salinity, except 200mM and 250mM of NaCl and 250mM MgSO4 because no germination was observed in these 3 levels which could be seen in relative injury rate due to high level of salinity. Thus, it was proposed in the current experiment that the salinity order for MR219 was NaCl then KCl followed by MgSO4, and based on physiological characteristics, MR219 was sensitive to higher saline levels.
... At the end of the germination period, five randomly seedlings were taken from each Petri dish and measured. The observation and data collection were recorded for germination percentage ( [14][15][16] as follow: Germination percentage (GP) = (Number of germinated seeds / Total Number of seed tested) X100. ...
The extensive use of herbicides for associated weeds in maize fields may pose a threat through chromosomal aberrations in mitosis stages. In the present work, the effects of single herbicides and their combinations on germination, growth, mitotic activity, and mitotic aberrations were studied. The results indicated that the mitotic division rate was decreased in all treatments compared to the control. The most decrease in mitotic division was in (bromoxynil 20% + MCPA sodium 20%) and (bromoxynil 20% + MCPA sodium 20% + halosulfuron-methyl 75%). On the other hand, the most frequently occurred chromosomal aberrations were sticky metaphase and the observed aberrations were bridge, laggard and disturbed anaphase, and vacuolated nucleus. In general, treatments with these pesticides caused progressive changes in germination percentage and chromosomal aberrations in mitosis division for root tip cells in maize seedlings.
... The formulas used to calculate these germination parameters are as follows: Eq. (1) for germination percentage [28], Eq. (2) for germination speed [29], Eq. (3) for germination energy [22], and Eq. (4) for vigor index [30]. ...
The research was conducted following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to investigate the
effects of seed priming using various chemical treatments on the germination and growth parameters of two rice cultivars, BRRI Dhan-66 and IR 80991-B-330-U-1. Ten different priming
agents, including H3BO3, CaCO3, CuSO4, DAP, FeCl2, MoP, PEG (5 %), PEG (10 %), Urea, and
ZnSO4, were applied to treat the seeds, each treatment being replicated three times. A control
group underwent hydro-priming. The seeds were soaked in the treatments for 24 h. After the
priming treatments, the seeds were subjected to a redrying process at a temperature of 26 ± 2 ◦C
until they regained their original weight before being transplanted onto blotting paper. Germination parameters such as germination percentage, germination speed, germination energy, and
vigor index were recorded for seven consecutive days. Growth parameters including root length,
shoot length, fresh seedling weight, and dry seedling weight were measured at 10, 20, and 30
days after sowing. The results indicate significant variations among the treatments for germination parameters (p ≤ 0.001). Similarly, significant variations were observed in growth parameters, including shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight (p ≤ 0.001). Among the rice
varieties, BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight
(0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g). In contrast, the FeCl2 treatment showed the best
results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination
percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively. For growth
parameters, the DAP and CuSO4 treatments demonstrated better results. Our findings highlight
that improved germination of primed rice seedlings is associated with germination energy, speed,
vigor index, and the fresh weight of the seedlings. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation coefficient
revealed there is significant positive correlation between germination percentage, speed, energy
and vigor index but the strongest correlation exists between germination speed and germination
energy (R = 0.94***) followed by germination percentage and vigor index (R = 0.92***). Based
on our findings, we propose that seed priming significantly enhances rice seedlings’ germination and growth parameters. BRRI Dhan-66, along with seed treatment using FeCl2, can be effectively
employed to achieve improved germination and growth in rice cultivation.
... The most telling indicator of salt tolerance is whether or not a plant survives through the germination and emergence processes. As a result, the seedling and germination stages of development are particularly vulnerable to salt damage in the majority of crop species (Sharief, 2012). The inability of a germinating seed to absorb enough water is the underlying cause of poor germination (S. A. Ashraf et al., 2021).It is essential for plant stands to adapt to a salty environment during the early stages of growth (germination and seedling development). ...
Soil salinity, one of the main abiotic risks to agricultural products, lowers agricultural yields, and as a result, the world's rising population confronts substantial food challenges. It's one of the world's most pressing abiotic issues, affecting 30% or more of irrigated land. Saline stress is caused by a number of different salt concentrations; however, NaCl is by far the most common salt in the ground. High salt stress is the reason for delay in seed germination, which may be caused by either the osmotic potential of the water or by the effects of certain toxic ions. This chapter covers seed priming and salt resistance approaches that generate biochemical, physiological, and structural processes in saline stress, and the interaction between seed priming and salt resistance. Priming with nanoparticles (NPs) needs more study to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress on a variety of crops grown in extreme conditions.
... Also, our results indicated that germination was significantly delayed as salinity increased (Figure 4). Several studies have found that high-salinity stress retards germination and inhibits the growth of radicles and seedlings (Ito & Yoshizaki, 2017;Kandil et al., 2012;Karim et al., 1992;Mahdavi & Sanavy, 2007;Meloni et al., 2008). Therefore, we ijb.ccsenet.org ...
Lysimachia mauritiana Lam. (Primulaceae), a biennial maritime plant, is widely distributed in East Asia, the Philippines, Micronesia, Polynesia, and the Indian Ocean. Because of this species’ wide distribution in Japan, we hypothesized that it could germinate and grow even in the bare coastal areas damaged by the tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the seed germination of L. mauritiana under different sowing depths, temperatures, and salinity soil conditions. The highest germination rate was obtained by sowing L. mauritiana seeds near the soil surface, with germination rate decreasing as the seeding depth increased. Lysimachia mauritiana germinated even at relatively low temperatures. Moreover, we found that L. mauritiana seeds could germinate in less than 1% salt water and in salt-accumulated soil, using soil soaked in 5% or 10% salt water. Our results therefore suggest that L. mauritiana seeds could germinate by sowing on the bare soil surfaces damaged by the tsunami.
... Variation in SV1 was seen in all genotypes, which could be attributable to changes in their genetic makeup (Fig. 7). Similar variation of SV1 amongthe genotypes/cultivars have also been observed by Ahmed et al. (2012) in chickpea cultivars, Ashkan et al. (2013) in Agropyronspecies and Shareifet al. (2016) in cowpea cultivars. The experimental results are shown as heatmap (Fig. 7); here the color shows the range of seedling vigor-I. ...
... The seedling length and germination percentage vary among different genotypes due to above given possible reasons. So, this is obvious that SV2 differed in different genotypes and this type of variations also have been observed by Ahmed et al. (2012) in chickpea cultivars, Ashkan et al. (2013) in Agropyron species and in cowpea cultivars. Minimum decrease in SV2 was shown at 14 dSm -1 because the high salt concentration affects the seedling length and germination percentage by changing physiological and metabolic processes as observed by El-Shaieny (2015) in Vigna unguiculata, Ashebir et al. (2013) in cow pea, Rao et al. (2002) in chickpea, Lobata et al. (2009) in cowpea and Pandey and Penna (2017) in B. juncea. ...
Salinity is a prominent abiotic stress in many parts of the world. It is the most important element that causes crop damage and lower yields. Mustard is one of the most salt-sensitive crops. An experiment was designed comprising fifteen genotypes of Indian mustard under varied saline levels (control, 8 dSm-1 , 10 dSm-1 , 12 dSm-1 , and 14 dSm-1) to screen and identify resistant genotypes at the early seedling stage. Out of 15 genotypes, four genotypes (two tolerant genotypes viz., RH 725 and RH 1512 and, two susceptible genotypes viz., RH 1520 and RH 8812) were chosen for further studies at vegetative and flowering stages up to maturity, and grown in pots under greenhouse conditions with various salinity levels viz. control, 8 dSm-1 , 10 dSm-1 , and 12 dSm-1 compare the physiology and yield of these genotypes. As saline levels increased, negative impacts on germination percentage, seedling dry weight, seedling length, seedling vigor-I, seedling vigor-II, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, total biomass and 1000 seeds weight were detected. Lower salinity level (8 dSm-1) had no effect, whereas higher salinity levels resulted in a significant drop. The RH 1520 genotype showed the greatest reduction up to 50% under salinity levels, while the RH 725 genotypes demonstrated resilience (~15%) to salinity levels.
... wherethe mean number of germinated seeds on day t, and Tt is the number of days (Hakim et al., 2010;Sharief, 2012). ...
Salinity stress showed significant impact on rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and physiological features throughout the early stages of development. The current study aimed to investigate the influence of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in the rice germination stage during salinity stress because the germination and seedling stage is critical for the correct development and growth of plants. The different concentrations of NaCl and ZnO NPs (T 1-60 mM NaCl, T 2-80 mM NaCl, T 3-100 mM NaCl, T 4-60 mM NaCl+50ppm ZnO NPs, T 5-80 mM NaCl+50ppm ZnO NPs and T 6-100 mM NaCl+50ppm ZnO NPs) improve the germination rate of rice under salinity stress. We conducted experiment on a landrace of rice Kargi and salinity tolerance rice variety CSR 30. The current study's findings reveal that ZnO NPs have a significant effect in reducing salt stress during rice germination.
... Chickpea seeds are abundant in protein (20.6%) and carbohydrates (61.2%), and they also contain 2.2% fat (Gupta, 1987). The dramatic increase in global population requires an increase in the total yield of legume crops to satisfy the demand for protein, especially in areas of chickpea cultivation, such as recently reclaimed lands and in drought and salinity environments (Kandil et al., 2012). Chickpeas have been categorized as a low water-demanding legume with an ability to adapt to dry climates; however, for crop establishment, it is largely dependent on seed germination potential because of the scarcity of water (Arjenaki et al., 2011;Koskosidis et al., 2020). ...
... Chickpea is classified as a highly sensitive crop to salinity (Hossain et al., 2015). It is reported that salinity could decrease growth, grain yield and other yield components in chickpea (Sohrabi et al., 2008;Kandil et al., 2012;Pushpavalli et al., 2020). ...
Background: The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Palestine under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Methods: To study the effect of NaCl on germination, fifty seeds in each treatment for each cultivar were germinated on a filter paper in petri dishes moistened with the different NaCl concentration levels (0.0, 50 and 100 mM ). To study the effect of NaCl on plant growth and productivity, 2 seeds per variety were grown in 10 liter pots filled with peat moss-sand. Pots were irrigated with the different NaCl levels. Result: The tested Chickpea cultivars showed different tolerance levels in response to NaCl stress levels. NaCl reduced final germination percentage (FGP) and germination index (GI). The highest plant height was obtained by Einalbeda (38.63 cm) in the control group, while the lowest one was found in Arij (28.25 cm) under 100 mM NaCl. NaCl did not affect root/shoot ratio in all genotypes. Reduction in fresh weight ranged between 25.6 and 74.2% under 50 and 100 mM NaCl.
... Soltani et al. (2002) demonstrated that there is no difference in seed germination in the conditions of salt stress relating to the form of chickpea (kabuli or desi). However, Gholipoor et al. (2001) demonstrated that the form of chickpea kabuli was more prone to increased soil salinity (0.9-4.9 ds/m) than the form desi. Salinity had a significant impact on seed germination and dry weight seedling (Kandil, Sharief and Ahmed, 2012) found that, the salt concentration had a major impact on seed germination and seedling growth parameters, these characteristics decreased dramatically as the salt concentration increased from 2 to 20 dsm -1 . Kaya et al. (2008) reported that, no effect of NaCl treatment on germination frequency was observed; however, a dramatic decline in early seedling growth was observed as NaCl concentration increases. ...
T he salinity of irrigation water is a serious problem facing crop plants in the Mediterranean region, where plants are exposed to high temperatures and severe shortage of water in the dry season. So, this study was carried out in order to test the effects of five different salinity levels of sodium chloride (0.0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mM) on seed germination and early seedling growth of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Fifty homogenous and cleaned seeds were germinated in Petri dishes inthree replicates. The salt stress decreased seed germination, the response of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to salt stress and water stress was evaluated at the germination stage. T he severe reduction in germination percentage and particularly germination speed with prolonged lag period by moderate salinity level at 100 mM NaCl, suggests that Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a salt-sensitive species during germination. Salinity reduced germination uniformity and germination synchrony and might delay start of germination but accelerates its termination with a consequent shortening of the time spread of germination. The recovery percentage was lo wer but speed of recovery was higher compared with the corresponding parameters of the control seeds. Recovery percentage was slightly improved with increasing in the concentration of NaCl.
