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Mean heart rate recovery in the 1st and 2nd min after exercise relative to age and gender. (Student t-test).
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The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis of differences in performance including differences in ST-T wave changes between healthy men and women submitted to an exercise stress test. Two hundred (45.4%) men and 241 (54.6%) women (mean age: 38.7 ± 11.0 years) were submitted to an exercise stress test. Physiologic and electrocardiographic vari...
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Background:
To describe the characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of pediatric gastric perforation patients beyond neonatal period.
Methods:
Twenty pediatric patients beyond neonatal period were included in this study. Medical records were reviewed and clinical characteristics were analyzed. According to the outcomes, patients were divided...
Citations
... Exercise capacity, heart rate and blood pressure during and after exercise are usually evaluated and are associated with clinical outcomes in individuals without overt heart disease (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). These variables have been demonstrated to be different in men and women (23)(24)(25). ...
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammatory activity and may be modulated by physical fitness. Treadmill exercise testing is used to evaluate cardiovascular health through different variables including exercise capacity, heart rate and blood pressure responses. It was hypothesized that CRP levels are associated with these variables in men and women without overt heart disease.
A total of 584 asymptomatic subjects (317 [54.3%] women and 267 [45.7%] men) were enrolled in the present study and underwent clinical evaluation. CRP levels in men and women were examined relative to clinical characteristics and to variables of treadmill exercise testing: peak heart rate, exercise systolic blood pressure, exercise time, chronotropic reserve and heart rate recovery at the first and second minutes after exercise. Multivariate analysis was performed using a log-linear regression model.
In women, exercise time on the treadmill exercise test (P=0.009) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P=0.002) were inversely associated with CRP levels. Body mass index (P<0.001) and total cholesterol levels (P=0.005) were positively associated with CRP levels. In men, exercise time on the treadmill exercise test was inversely associated with CRP levels (P=0.015). Body mass index (P=0.001) and leukocyte count (P=0.002) were positively associated with CRP levels. CRP levels were not associated with peak heart rate, chronotropic reserve, heart rate recovery at the first and second minutes, or exercise systolic blood pressure.
These findings contribute to the evidence that CRP is lower in individuals with better exercise capacity and demonstrate that this relationship is also apparent in individuals without overt heart disease undergoing cardiovascular evaluation through the treadmill exercise test. Lowering inflammatory markers may be an additional reason to stimulate sedentary individuals with low exercise capacity in the treadmill exercise test to improve physical conditioning through regular exercise.
... The females in the study by Chalela 26 performed a treadmill exercise test using the Ellestad 27 protocol and had a systolic blood pressure of 166.8 ± 1.7mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 81.5 ± 0.8mmHg. Comparatively, the subjects in this present study had a similar systolic blood pressure (168.33 ± 24. 01mmHg) and a decreased diastolic blood pressure (73.33 ± 12.11mmHg). ...
... The subjects in the study by Chalela 26 had an RPP of 28378.7 ± 313.1 after a treadmill exercise test. The women in the present study had a mean RPP of 30.188.33 ± 5.936.24. ...
Objective: To analyse the level of aerobic fitness of female surfers ranked as elite athletes through cardiovascular and body composition indicators. Design: The research was descriptive. The study included 7 elite female surfers within the top 10 rankings in Brazil, who lived in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. To determine the anthropometric characteristics of the sample, measurements of body mass, height and body fat percentage were taken based on the 3-site skin fold test by Jackson and Pollock. Cardiorespiratory fitness was analysed by means of the Bruce Protocol Treadmill Test using an Imbramed®. During all tests, the following variables were monitored: heart rate, systolic blood pressure (BPS), diastolic blood pressure (BPD) and subjective perceived exertion. The variables were measured before and after the test. Using these variables, we calculated the aerobic functional impairment
... Chronotropic incompetence as estimated by the expression derived in this study made the statistical modeling a better fit to evaluate the association with all-cause mortality. Interestingly, our observation of a smaller sample of asymptomatic women with no evidence of heart disease after clinical and laboratory examination submitted to exercise stress testing did not demonstrate a significant difference in peak heart rate reached during exercise by women relative to men [5]. Furthermore, vascular function evaluated by forearm blood flow in asymptomatic individuals without any evidence of heart disease submitted to isometric exercise (e.g., handgrip) was lower in women and decreased as BMI increased [6]. ...
Evaluation of: Gulati M, Shaw LJ, Thisted RA, Black HR, Bairey Merz CN, Arnsdorf MF: Heart rate response to exercise stress testing in asymptomatic women: The St. James Women Take Heart Project. Circulation 122, 130-137 (2010). Peak heart rate achieved with exercise in 5437 asymptomatic women submitted to symptom-limited exercise stress testing demonstrated an inverse relationship with increasing age, expressed by 206-0.88(age), which is lower than the traditional estimate of 220-(age). A nomogram was derived. This new formula for estimating peak heart rate during exercise and the derived chronotropic incompetence was found to be a more accurate predictor of all-cause mortality in this study sample.
Stress test is a useful diagnostic tool in patients with suspected angina pectoris with low sensitivity but high specificity. It is also very useful in the evaluation of the risk, of the effectiveness of treatment and it is a useful guidance on medical prescriptions after controlling the symptoms of ischemia. This study aims to analyze the contribution of stress test to the treatment of ischemic heart disease in the Department of Cardiology at the University Hospital CHUYO. We conducted a retrospective study of 60 patients who had undergone stress test from January 2012 to December 2013. Stress test was performed using a treadmill according to the modified Bruce protocol. Sixty patients underwent stress test during the study period. The average age of patients was 49± 10.8 years. Sex-ratio was 1.2. All patients underwent treadmill stress test. Twenty-two patients had a history of coronary artery disease. Estimating presence of coronary artery disease was the indication for stress test in 83% of cases. It was detected in 78% of cases. Stress test was stopped when maximal workload was reached in 46 cases (or 77%). Mean exercise duration was 11,7 mn ± 3,2. Ten percent of patients had a positive stress test and 10% a dubious test. Our study will also contribute to transfer knowledge on this disgnostic test which is still little prescribed in our environment and even among cardiologists. However, efforts should be made in order to improve the quality of stress test practice in the management of coronary artery disease in a context of countries with limited resources.
Background:
The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be related to the improvement in several physiologic pathways, including peripheral vascular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular responses during the treadmill exercise test and exercise-induced muscle vasodilatation in individuals without overt heart disease.
Methods:
The study included 796 asymptomatic subjects (431 females and 365 males) without overt heart disease. We evaluated the heart rate (chronotropic reserve and heart rate recovery), blood pressure (maximum systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as systolic blood pressure recovery) and exercise capacity during symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing. Exercise-induced muscle vasodilatation was studied with venous occlusion plethysmography and estimated by forearm blood flow and vascular conductance responses during a 3-min handgrip maneuver.
Results:
Forearm blood flow increase during the handgrip exercise was positively associated with heart rate recovery during treadmill exercise testing (p < 0.001). Forearm vascular conductance increase during the handgrip exercise was inversely associated with exercise diastolic blood pressure during exercise treadmill testing (p = 0.038). No significant association was found between exercise capacity and exercise-induced muscle vasodilation.
Conclusion:
In a sample of individuals without overt heart disease, exercise-induced muscle vasodilatation was associated with heart rate and blood pressure responses during treadmill exercise testing, but was not associated with exercise capacity. These findings suggest that favorable hemodynamic and chronotropic responses are associated with better vasodilator capacity, but exercise capacity does not predict muscle vasodilatation.
