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Chronic periodontitis in amultifactorial inflammatory disease which is caused by various microorganisms. Many studies have found close association between chronic periodontitis and C-reactive protein (CRP). CRPis an inflammatory marker which increases in all inflammatory condition.
The present clinical study was designed to show the effect of perio...
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Objectives
No data are available in the literature on the extent to which the immune host-response and bacterial-elicited inflammation separately contributes to the increase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of inflammatory biomarkers in patients affected by desquamative gingivitis (DG) secondary to oral lichen planus (OLP). The aim of this...
Background/Purpose
Edentulous ridges with height discrepancies (RHDs) could jeopardize the outcome of implant placement. This study aimed at evaluating the outcomes of placing regular- and slope-configured implants in RHDs.
Methods
Patients with >1 mm RHDs requesting implant rehabilitation were recruited and randomly assigned to regular- (control)...
Objectives To estimate gingival crevicular immunoglobulin A(IgA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among type II diabetic patients with periodontitis.
Materials and Methods A non-randomized study was done of 40 periodontitis subjects with a mean age of 50 years and were recruited into two groups, Group A (Type II controlled diabetics...
Objective
To estimate the levels of sCD14 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum under periodontally-healthy and diseased conditions.
Methods
The subjects were divided into three groups of 15, each as follows: healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Periodontal parameters including Probing pocket depth, Clinical attachment level, Bleeding index, a...
Background: Clinical parameters are used to diagnose periodontal disease. However, new technical advances in diagnostics for assessing periodontal status are utilizing objective biomarkers. Recently, a number of biomarkers have been identified to predict periodontitis status. Endocan is a novel pro-inflammatory biomarker that is thought to give an...
Citations
... Originating as an exudate from gingival tissues, GCF provides a unique glimpse into the ongoing inflammatory processes at the site of periodontal disease [97]. Its composition, teeming with blood derivatives, Acute-phase proteins Lactoferrin, Transferrin,α2-Macroglobulin,α1-Proteinase inhibitor, C-reactive protein Pradeep et al. [16]; Fujita et al. [17]; Kumar et al. [18]; Keles et al. [19]; Kinney et al. [20]; Kumari et al. [21] Antibacterial Antibodies: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4,IgM, IgA Brajovic et al. [22]; Guentsch et al. [23] Anti-Hsp70 (heat shock protein family A) ...
Periodontal diseases represent a spectrum of gingival disorders with multifaceted etiologies. Identifying and utilizing biomarkers in these conditions are essential for early detection, risk stratification, and personalized therapeutic interventions. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of biomarker research in gingival diseases, emphasizing clinical applications, detection methods, and the potential of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid as diagnostic vehicles. We also delve into emerging research areas such as microbiome-associated, epigenetic, and metagenomic biomarkers. The chapter underscores the challenges associated with biomarker validation, the promise of multi-marker panels for improved accuracy, and the potential of longitudinal studies to predict disease progression. As point-of-care technologies and wearables pave the way for future diagnostics, innovative solutions like biosensors and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are highlighted. This chapter encapsulates the importance of advancing biomarker discovery and its pivotal role in reshaping gingival disease management.
... Diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis based on established clinical and radiographic criteria. [5] Receipt of either surgical or non-surgical periodontal treatment. ...
... Periodontitis is considered as a multifactorial inflammatory disease. [5] The management of aggressive periodontitis poses a significant clinical challenge, requiring a tailored approach to control disease progression and maintain periodontal health. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of periodontal surgery versus non-surgical treatment in patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis. ...
A BSTRACT
Background
Aggressive periodontitis is a severe form of periodontal disease characterized by rapid tissue destruction and tooth loss. The optimal treatment approach for managing this condition remains a topic of debate.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis who received either surgical or non-surgical treatment between 2010 and 2020. Clinical and radiographic data were collected at baseline and regular intervals over a 5-year follow-up period. Surgical interventions included flap surgery, guided tissue regeneration, and bone grafting, while non-surgical treatments comprised scaling and root planning with or without adjunctive antibiotics. The primary outcomes assessed included changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level, tooth loss, and patient-reported quality of life measures.
Results
A total of 120 patients were included in the study, with 60 patients in each treatment group. The surgical group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in probing depth and gains in clinical attachment level compared to the non-surgical group ( P < 0.05). Tooth loss was significantly lower in the surgical group over the 5 years ( P < 0.01). Patient-reported outcomes also favored the surgical group, with improved oral health-related quality of life. However, the surgical group had a higher incidence of postoperative complications.
Conclusion
This study suggests that periodontal surgery yields superior long-term outcomes in the management of aggressive periodontitis compared to non-surgical treatment.
... Laser therapy has gained attention as a potential alternative or adjunct to traditional SRP due to its ability to selectively target and remove infected or inflamed tissues while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. [2] On the other hand, SRP involves the mechanical removal of bacterial deposits from tooth surfaces and root surfaces, aiming to eliminate the sources of infection and inflammation. [3] S493 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences ¦ Volume 16 ¦ Supplement 1 ¦ February 2024 Sinha, et al.: Comparison of laser and CSRP in treatment of periodontal diseases ...
A BSTRACT
Background
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of laser-assisted periodontal therapy (LAPT) with conventional scaling and root planing (CSRP) in the treatment of periodontal disease. The objective was to assess the outcomes of these two treatments on a sample of 30 patients in each group.
Materials and Methods
In this study, a total of 60 patients diagnosed with periodontal disease were divided into two groups: the LAPT group and the CSRP group, with 30 patients in each group. The LAPT group received periodontal treatment using laser therapy, while the SRP group underwent traditional SRP. The patients were evaluated for periodontal parameters, including probing depth and clinical attachment level before and after the treatments.
Results
After the treatment interventions, both the LAPT group and the CSRP group showed significant improvements in periodontal health. The mean reduction in probing depth was 2.5 mm in the LAPT group and 2.2 mm in the SRP group. In addition, the clinical attachment level increased by 2.8 mm in the LAPT group and 2.5 mm in the SRP group. Statistical analysis using the paired t -test demonstrated a P- value of less than 0.05, indicating the significance of these improvements in both groups.
Conclusion
This study suggests that both LAP and CSRP are effective in improving periodontal health in patients with periodontal disease.
... [3] Periodontitis increases local PGE2 and systemic TNF-alpha. [4,5] The maternal periodontal infection may impair preterm delivery by inflammatory mediators or direct bacterial attack on the amnion. [6] Aim In Ahmedabad, Gujarat, and India, to determine the prevalence of preterm births and low-birth weight newborns related to maternal periodontitis. ...
A BSTRACT
Introduction
Overall wellness depends on oral health. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies have linked periodontitis to some systemic diseases. Pregnancy labor, contractions, and delivery are controlled by prostaglandin (PGE 2) levels rise during pregnancy, and labor begins when a critical threshold is reached. These associations support the underlying cause of maternal periodontal disease.
Materials and Methods
In the study, 3,885 pregnant women aged 18–40 had singleton babies. All mother participants were clinically evaluated by the primary investigator. The periodontal disease is defined using a few parameters. Based on that the prevalence rate will be evaluated.
Result
The prevalence of preterm babies’ mothers affected with periodontitis was 0.5% and low-birth weight babies’ mothers affected with periodontitis was 1.6%. So, there was a significant result is there.
Conclusion
Periodontal health and preterm LBW newborns are highly associated with periodontitis in research. It may modify preterm birth and LBW risk factors. Thus, dentists detect and treat this sickness early, preventing pregnancy difficulties in sensitive mothers.
... In the present study, there were statistically significant differences in the CRP levels in GCF at baseline and at the 15-day follow-up in both study groups. Kumar et al. evaluated the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the CRP levels in GCF, and observed that it was effective in lowering the CRP levels, 28 which is in accordance with the present study. Furthermore, the findings of the study supported the hypothesis that the levels of GCF biomarkers are related to the degree of inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover. ...
... Furthermore, the findings of the study supported the hypothesis that the levels of GCF biomarkers are related to the degree of inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover. 28 In another study, both scaling and root planing (SRP) alone and using a diode laser as an adjunct showed a reduction in the serum CRP levels, 29 which is in agreement with the results of the present study. A study by Jayaprakash et al. reported that the CRP levels in GCF gradually increased from a healthy periodontium to gingivitis, and further increased in periodontitis. ...
Background:
Gingivitis is frequently painless, rarely causes spontaneous bleeding and is manifested by minor clinical changes. Therefore, most patients are unaware of the disease or do not seek treatment, as it is asymptomatic. Several methods for removing microbial plaque have been proposed, including mechanical and chemical ones. Amla or Indian gooseberry is a medicinal herb; its secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acid, flavonoids and terpenoids, can be used to preferentially reduce metal ions and form nanoparticles (NPs). Green synthesis with the use of the amla seed extract is a unique approach for the production of graphene oxide (GO)-silver (Ag) nanocomposite mouthwash.
Objectives:
The aim of the present study was to prepare an amla seed-mediated GO-Ag nanocomposite mouthwash, and to assess its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory efficacy in plaque-induced gingivitis.
Material and methods:
The present double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted among 30 gingivitis patients. The patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups based on the intervention: group A (n = 15; nanocomposite mouthwash); and group B - control (n = 15; 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash). Clinical parameters, including the plaque index (PI), the gingival index (GI), a microbiological parameter - colony forming units (CFUs), and a biochemical parameter - the C-reactive protein (CRP) level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), were assessed at baseline and at 15 days.
Results:
The study results showed statistically significant differences in the mean PI and GI scores, and the CRP levels in the post-intervention period as compared to baseline in both groups. After the intervention period of 15 days, there were statistically significant differences between the 2 study groups in terms of mean PI and GI scores, and CRP levels.
Conclusions:
The amla seed-mediated GO-Ag nanocomposite mouthwash efficiently reduced plaque, gingival inflammation and CFUs among patients with plaque-induced gingivitis, but was not equivalent to the CHX mouthwash.
... Apart from its evident benefits on oral health or clinical periodontal aspects [19,20], periodontal therapy also improved endothelial function, reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased heat shock protein 10 (HSP-10; an anti-inflammatory factor), decreased white blood cells count, and reduced arterial intima-media thickness [21,22]. In addition, earlier investigations have shown that starting NSPT with local SRP is potent to reduce inflammatory markers in CP and CKD patients [23][24][25]. ...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) contribute to the increased level of inflammatory biomarkers in the blood. This study hypothesized that successful periodontal treatment would reduce the level of inflammatory biomarkers in CKD patients. This prospective study recruited two groups of CP patients: 33 pre-dialysis CKD patients and 33 non-CKD patients. All patients underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Their blood samples and periodontal parameters were taken before and after six weeks of NSPT. The serum level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and periodontal parameters were compared between groups. On the other hand, kidney function indicators such as serum urea and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were only measured in CKD patients. Clinical periodontal parameters and inflammatory markers levels at baseline were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CKD group than in the non-CKD group and showed significant reduction (p < 0.05) after six weeks of NSPT. CKD patients demonstrated a greater periodontitis severity and higher inflammatory burden than non-CKD patients. Additionally, CKD patients with CP showed a good response to NSPT. Therefore, CKD patients’ periodontal health needs to be screened for early dental interventions and monitored accordingly.
... Nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) such as scaling and root planing (SRP) [3] improves, in conjunction with the systemic inflammatory markers, the periodontal disease state. [4,5] In a study, Kumar et al. [6] showed that CRP levels in gingival crevicular fluid decreased after NSPT in chronic periodontitis (CP). A research by Vilela et al. [7] evaluated the CRP levels prior to and after NSPT and found a significant decrease in marker levels after treatment. ...
Background and aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on clinical, renal, and hematological parameters at baseline and 3 months postoperatively on chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. This comparative interventional study was conducted among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Materials and methods:
This study included chronic periodontitis (CP) patients divided into three groups Group I: CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis for less than a year; Group II: CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis for more than a year; and Group III: systemically healthy CP patients. Clinical parameters (bleeding on probing [BOP], probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level [CAL]) were recorded at baseline (T0), 1 month (T1), and 3 months after scaling and root planing (SRP) (T2). C-reactive protein (CRP) and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were observed at T0 and at T2. Paired t-test and Chi-square test were applied to find the statistical significance (P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant at 95% confidence interval) between the T0 and T2 time within the groups.
Results:
Clinical parameters such as PPD and CAL decreased with statistical significance in Group III alone, whereas BOP decreased with statistical significance in all the three groups. The study showed statistically significant reduction of CRP (in Group I and Group III) and TSAT increased with statistical significance in all the three groups after SRP.
Conclusion:
This suggests that SRP can bring an improvement in the systemic markers in CP patients under hemodialysis. However, we need a longitudinal study with a larger sample size to confirm the results.
... This positive association reinforces the theory, that periodontitis has a significant influence on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that periodontal infection can lead to a systemic impact, favoring the development and aggravation of other pathologies [40]. CRP in gingival crevicular fluid are potential candidate biomarkers in detecting the degree of inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover and has a positive correlation with the clinical features of periodontal disease [41]. In a multivariate model, serum CRP levels were significantly associated with the outcome of periodontal treatment after correcting for potential covariates [age, body mass index, gender, and smoking] and polymorphisms in the IL-6 (174 C/G) and IL-1A (889) genes [42]. ...
C-reactive protein [CRP] is an acute phase protein observed in increased quantities in plasma during the infections and presence of any inflammation, which could be a further possible risk factor in systemic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. CRP molecules help as a biological marker for the determination of the inflammatory process when obtained from the gingival crevicular fluid and there is association between periodontitis and CRP levels. These levels are found to be reduced after the non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment. Therefore, the levels of CRP would play a major role in determination of the inflammatory process.
... This positive association reinforces the theory, that periodontitis has a significant influence on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that periodontal infection can lead to a systemic impact, favoring the development and aggravation of other pathologies [40]. CRP in gingival crevicular fluid are potential candidate biomarkers in detecting the degree of inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover and has a positive correlation with the clinical features of periodontal disease [41]. In a multivariate model, serum CRP levels were significantly associated with the outcome of periodontal treatment after correcting for potential covariates [age, body mass index, gender, and smoking] and polymorphisms in the IL-6 (174 C/G) and IL-1A (889) genes [42]. ...
C-reactive protein [CRP] is an acute phase protein observed in increased quantities in plasma during the infections and presence of any inflammation, which could be a further possible risk factor in systemic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. CRP molecules help as a biological marker for the determination of the inflammatory process when obtained from the gingival crevicular fluid and there is association between periodontitis and CRP levels. These levels are found to be reduced after the non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment. Therefore, the levels of CRP would play a major role in determination of the inflammatory process.
... This positive association reinforces the theory, that periodontitis has a significant influence on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that periodontal infection can lead to a systemic impact, favoring the development and aggravation of other pathologies [40]. CRP in gingival crevicular fluid are potential candidate biomarkers in detecting the degree of inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover and has a positive correlation with the clinical features of periodontal disease [41]. In a multivariate model, serum CRP levels were significantly associated with the outcome of periodontal treatment after correcting for potential covariates [age, body mass index, gender, and smoking] and polymorphisms in the IL-6 (174 C/G) and IL-1A (889) genes [42]. ...
