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Maximum likelihood hypothesis for relationships among selected species of Docosia Winnertz based on DNA sequence data (COI, COII, CytB and ITS2), 2039 characters. Above node number = bootstrap support for ML.
Source publication
A new species of Docosia Winnertz, D. dentata sp. n., is described and illustrated, based on a single male specimen collected in Muránska planina National Park in Central Slovakia. DNA sequences (COI, COII, CytB, and ITS2) are included and compared for 13 species of Docosia. There was found only little congruence between the molecular results and p...
Similar publications
Fungivorous gall midges of the subfamilies Lestremiinae, Micromyinae, Winnertziinae and Porricondylinae were largely neglected in previous inventories of the Diptera faunas of the Czech and Slovak Republics. A taxonomic-faunistic study focusing on these subfamilies identified a total of 80 species, of which 49 are new records for the Czech Republic...
Citations
... This started with the use of DNA barcodes to associate immature stages [34] and females [35] to morphologically identify males. Later, DNA barcodes were increasingly used as a tool to aid in the discrimination of species for the families Mycetophilidae [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], Sciaridae [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58], Cecidomyiidae [59][60][61][62][63], Keroplatidae [41,64,65], Ditomyiidae [66], and for a few taxa with an uncertain and contentious family placement often referred to as the Sciaroidea incertae sedis group [67,68]. DNA barcodes have also been shown to be a very efficient tool to associate females with identified males [35,. ...
... Sciaroidea flies have demonstrated a surprisingly good overall match between Linnean names based on morphology and the automated Refined Single Linkage (RESL) method used on BOLD to assign BINs. Sevcik et al. [39] compared the utility of the standard COI gene region with three other regions (COII, CytB, and ITS2) for European species of the mycetophilid genus Docosia Winnertz, 1864. They found CytB to be the best barcoding marker, closely followed by COI while ITS2 performed the worst, a result also shared by Jürgenstein et al. [37] and Kurina et al. [36]. ...
DNA barcoding has tremendous potential for advancing species knowledge for many diverse groups of insects, potentially paving way for machine identification and semi-automated monitoring of whole insect faunas. Here, I review the current state of DNA barcoding of the superfamily Sciaroidea (Diptera), a diverse group consisting of eight understudied fly families where the described species in the world makes up some 10% (≈16,000 species) of all Diptera. World data of Sciaroidea were extracted from the Barcode of Life online database BoldSystems (BOLD) and contrasted with results and experiences from a Nordic project to build the reference library. Well over 1.2 million (1,224,877) Sciaroidea specimens have been submitted for barcoding, giving barcode-compliant sequences resulting in 56,648 so-called barcode index numbers (BINs, machine-generated proxies for species). Although the BINs on BOLD already represent 3.5 times the number of described species, merely some 2850 named species (described or interim names, 5% of the BINs) currently have been assigned a BIN. The other 95% remain as dark taxa figuring in many frontier publications as statistics representing proxies for species diversity within a family. In the Nordic region, however, substantial progress has been made towards building a complete reference library, currently making up 55% of all named Sciaroidea BINs on BOLD. Another major source (31%) of named Sciaroidea BINs on BOLD comes from COI sequences mined from GenBank, generated through phylogenetic and integrative studies outside of BOLD. Building a quality reference library for understudied insects such as Sciaroidea requires heavy investment, both pre sequence and post sequence, by trained taxonomists to build and curate voucher collections, to continually improve the quality of the data and describe new species. Only when the BINs are properly calibrated by a rigorously quality-checked reference library can the great potential of both classical taxonomic barcoding, metabarcoding, and eDNA ecology be realized.
... Supplementing phylogenetic studies, a number of new species have been described during the last few decades from the Palaearctic (e.g. [8][9][10][11][12][13]), Nearctic [14,15], Oriental [16] and Neotropical [17,18] realms. Altogether, 86 extant Docosia species have been described, including 62 from the Palaearctic realm [7]. ...
Simple Summary: A new fungus gnat species has been described from a single specimen collected from Georgia (Sakartvelo). The new species, named after its occurrence in Caucasia as Docosia caucasica sp. n., is distinguished from congeners by the characters in male terminalia and a unique COI sequence. As a substantial proportion of species in ecological communities tend to be rare, about 20-30% of new insect taxa have been described from a singleton so far. Therefore, following high-quality standards when describing new species, particularly when dealing with minimalistic material, is crucial. As much as possible, using multiple sets of characters, like morphology and DNA sequencing, is encouraged. Abstract: A new species-Docosia caucasica sp. n.-has been described from material collected from the Lesser Caucasus Mountains in Georgia (Sakartvelo). The new species belongs to a group of Palaearctic species characterized by distinct posterolateral processes of gonocoxites and apically modified setae at the posteroventral margin of the gonocoxites medially. Within the group, D. caucasica sp. n. is most similar to D. landrocki Laštovka and Ševčík, 2006 in having a similar outline of the medial process of posteroventral margin of the gonocoxites and the gonostylus. There is also a marked difference within the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI) sequence of D. caucasica sp. n. and other Docosia spp. available in public databases. As the new species is described from a single male specimen only, the adequacy and code compliance of that are discussed.
... DNA barcoding, using COI as a universal gene region and a standard analytical technique, greatly facilitated species discovery and identification in a wide variety of lineage (Hebert et al. 2003a(Hebert et al. , 2003b(Hebert et al. , 2004a(Hebert et al. , 2004bHajibabaei et al. 2006;Lopez-Vaamonde et al. 2021;Montes et al. 2017;Ševčík et al. 2016;Ward et al. 2005). In most organisms, the COI gene has been suggested as the standard barcoding marker, and the genetic distance and phylogenetic tree-based analysis are suggested as the ideal barcoding approaches (Hebert et al. 2003a;Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007;Ward et al. 2005). ...
This study aims to know the efficiency of the partial sequence of COI and 16S rRNA genes for the identification of crab species and to determine their phylogenetic relationships. A total of 36 sequences of 14 different species of crab were generated, belonging to 9 genera and 7 families. The average %GC content was higher in the sequences of the COI gene compared to the 16S rRNA. A large variation of the GC content was found at the 3rd codon position of the COI sequences. All the species were discriminated by COI and 16S rRNA when an intraspecific threshold of 2% K2P was used. The mean congeneric divergence was 72 and 94-fold higher than mean conspecific divergence for the COI and 16S rRNA markers, respectively. However, K2P% between closely related species was higher in COI compared to 16S rRNA. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree constructed based on COI and 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the same species were clustered together under a single clade, supporting that both the markers were efficient in discriminating crab species. The ML tree of the COI sequences showed long-branch attraction and clustering of the species from different genus together. Such incongruence was not found in the tree topology of the 16S rRNA, providing phylogenetic relationships among species with a true divergence rate. The study revealed that the COI gene would be much efficient in discriminating closely related species, and 16S rRNA would be superior to COI in phylogenetic analysis.
... The opportunity is also taken here to describe five new Palaearctic species, updating the number of Palaearctic species of Docosia to 62 (Ševčík & Laštovka 2008;Kurina & Ševčík 2011;Ševčík et al. 2016a), and to present new national records of several rare species. ...
A new phylogenetic hypothesis is proposed for the relationships among the species within the genus Docosia Winnertz, 1863, based on a combined analysis of five DNA markers (28S, ITS2, COI, COII and CytB). Five new species are described, Docosia anatolica Ševčík sp. nov. from Turkey, D. japonica Kurina sp. nov. from Japan, D. peloponnensis Ševčík sp. nov. from Greece, D. svanetica Kurina sp. nov. from Caucasus and D. polyspina Kurina sp. nov. from the Russian Far East. New country records of the following species are presented:
... However, even in Europe, new species are described almost in every year (e.g. Kurina et al., 2015;Ševčík et al., 2016b;Salmela & Kolcsár, 2017) and there are still several neglected areas with minimal data of species composition available. In terms of fungus gnats, one of the best studied area in Europe is the Scandinavian Peninsula with more than 920 species known up to date and tens awaiting descriptions (Kjaerandsen, 2015;Kjaerandsen et al., 2007). ...
The composition of fungus gnats (Sciaroidea : Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae,
Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) in a village of Belgian Famenne have been studied based on material of 378 specimens. Altogether 69 species are recorded, viz. one species of
Bolitophilidae, one species of Diadocidiidae, one species of Ditomyiidae, six species of
Keroplatidae and 60 species of Mycetophilidae. Eleven species of Mycetophilidae are
recorded from Belgium for the first time: Mycomya (Mycomya) tumida (Winnertz 1863),
Acnemia angusta Zaitzev 1982, Sciophila thoracica Stæger 1840. Docosia fuscipes (von
Roser 1840), Brachypeza (Brachypeza) armata Winnertz 1863, Pseudexechia tuomikoskii
Kjærandsen 2009, Epicypta fumigata (Dziedzicki 1923), Mycetophila mohilevensis Dziedzicki 1884, Mycetophila perpallida Chandler 1993, Mycetophila uninotata Zetterstedt
1852, Zygomyia pseudohumeralis Caspers 1980. Provided data represent also the first record
of the genus Pseudexechia Tuomikoski in Belgium.
... Previous studies have reported on barcoding results for Coleoptera (Hendrich et al., 2015;Raupach, Hannig, Moriniere, & Hendrich, 2016;Raupach, Hannig, Morinière, & Hendrich, 2018;Rulik et al., 2017), Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera , Heteroptera (Havemann et al., 2018;Raupach et al., 2014), Hymenoptera (Schmid-Egger et al., 2019;Schmidt, Schmid-Egger, Morinière, Haszprunar, & Hebert, 2015;Schmidt et al., 2017), Lepidoptera Hausmann, Haszprunar, Segerer, et al., 2011), Neuroptera , Orthoptera (Hawlitschek et al., 2017), Araneae and Opiliones , and Myriapoda (Spelda, Reip, Oliveira Biener, & Melzer, 2011;Wesener et al., 2015). Concerning DNA barcoding studies performed for Diptera, no comprehensive study encompassing this entire highly diverse order has been published, but data have been used to revise smaller units thereof: for example, for Calliphoridae (Jordaens et al., 2013;Nelson, Wallman, & Dowton, 2007;Reibe, Schmitz, & Madea, 2009), Ceratopogonidae (Stur & Borkent, 2014), Chironomidae (Carew, Pettigrove, Cox, & Hoffmann, 2007;Carew, Pettigrove, & Hoffmann, 2005;Cranston et al., 2013;Ekrem, Stur, & Hebert, 2010;Ekrem, Willassen, & Stur, 2007;Montagna, Mereghetti, Lencioni, & Rossaro, 2016;Pfenninger, Nowak, Kley, Steinke, & Streit, 2007;Sinclair & Gresens, 2008;Stur & Ekrem, 2011), Culicidae (Ashfaq et al., 2014;Cywinska, Hunter, & Hebert, 2006;Kumar, Rajavel, Natarajan, & Jambulingam, 2007;Versteirt et al., 2015;, Hybotidae (Nagy, Sonet, Mortelmans, Vandewynkel, & Grootaert, 2013), Muscidae (Renaud, Savage, & Adamowicz, 2012), Psychodidae (Gutiérrez, Vivero, Vélez, Porter, & Uribe, 2014;Krüger, Strüven, Post, & Faulde, 2011;Kumar, Srinivasan, & Jambulingam, 2012;Nzelu et al., 2015), Sciaridae (Eiseman, Heller, & Rulik, 2016;Heller, Köhler, Menzel, Olsen, & Gammelo, 2016;Latibari, Moravvej, Heller, Rulik, & Namaghi, 2015;Ševčík, Kaspřák, & Rulik, 2016), Simuliidae (Rivera & Currie, 2009), Syrphidae (Jordaens et al., 2015) and Tachinidae (Pohjoismäki, Kahanpää, & Mutanen, 2016). ...
This study summarizes results of a DNA barcoding campaign on German Diptera, involving analysis of 45,040 specimens. The resultant DNA barcode library includes records for 2,453 named species comprising a total of 5,200 BINs, including 2,700 CO1 haplotype clusters without species level assignment, so called “dark taxa”. Overall, 88 out of 117 families (75%) recorded from Germany were covered, more than 50% of the 9,544 known species of Diptera Germany. Until now, most of these families, especially the most diverse ones, have been taxonomically inaccessible because of the lack of specialists. By contrast, within a few years this study provided an intermediate taxonomic system for half of the German Dipteran fauna, which will provide a useful foundation for subsequent detailed, integrative taxonomic studies. Using DNA extracts derived from bulk collections made by Malaise traps, we further demonstrate that species delineation using BINs and OTUs constitutes an effective method for biodiversity studies using DNA metabarcoding. As the reference libraries will continue to grow, and gaps in the species catalogue will be filled, BIN lists assembled by metabarcoding will gain incremental taxonomic resolution. The present study has three main goals: (1) provide a DNA barcode library for 5,200 BINs of Diptera; (2) demonstrate by the example of bulk extractions from a Malaise Trap experiment, that DNA barcode clusters, labelled with globally unique identifiers (such as OTUs and/or BINs), provide a pragmatic, accurate solution to the ‘taxonomic impediment’; and (3) demonstrate that interim names based on BINs and OTUs obtained through metabarcoding is an effective method for studies on species‐rich groups that are usually neglected in biodiversity research projects because of their unresolved taxonomy.
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... CO1 is the standard DNA barcode region for animals (Hebert et al. 2003), and has previously been successful in separating closely related species in Mycetophilidae (e.g. Ševčík et al. 2016;Jürgenstein et al. 2015). ...
Only one species of the genus Allodia has been previously recorded from the Afrotropical region, Allodia (Brachycampta) flavorufa Matile, 1978. Six new species are described here, all representing the nominotypical subgenus, Allodia s.s. The new species are described from material collected in different mountainous areas in south and east Africa; A. jaschhofi sp. nov., A. karkloofensis sp. nov., A. drakensbergensis sp. nov., A. nyeriensis sp. nov., A. mazumbaiensis sp. nov. and A. keurbosensis sp. nov. The species are morphologically very similar, and can only be separated based on minor differences in wing venation and characters of the male terminalia. The genetic differences between the species in the DNA barcode region (CO1), however, support delimitation. The origin and distribution of these Afrotropical taxa, in relation to each other and to their Holarctic relatives, is discussed.
... Laboratory methods used to isolate DNA from the specimens of Macrocera, Palaeoplatyura and Isoneuromyia principally follow those described in ŠEVČÍK et al. (2016b). Primers used and PCR conditions are summarized in Tables 1 and 2. The species used for phylogenetic analysis are listed in Table 3. ...
A new species of Keroplatidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea), Macrocera roha-ceki sp. nov., is described from the island of Mallorca (Spain). A further remarkable species, Paleoplatyura johnsoni Johannsen, 1910, hitherto only known from the Nearctic Region, is recorded from Sicily (Italy). New records of Isoneuromyia czernyi (Strobl, 1909) and I. pseudochracea (Landrock, 1925) from Slovakia are provided, including fi gures of the male terminalia. Their relationships to the widely distributed European species, I. semirufa (Meigen, 1818), are reconstructed using three mitochondrial DNA markers (12S, COI, cytb). A key to the European species of Isoneuromyia Brunetti, 1912 is also provided.
... One of the advantages of DNA barcoding has been the detection of cryptic species, that mostly consists of taxa that were previously overlooked (Nielsen et al. 2015). DNA barcoding has been used successfully in fungus gnat taxonomy , Jürgenstein et al. 2015, Ševčík et al. 2016a, and in the vast majority of cases the sequence variation in the COI is in accordance with morphological variation. In order to advance fungus gnat taxonomy, researchers in Norway, Finland and Russian Karelia have recently assembled a reference library including almost 1600 sequences belonging to 540 species or operational taxonomic units (J. ...
Background
Fungus gnats (Sciaroidea) are a globally species rich group of lower Diptera. In Europe, Fennoscandian peninsula in particular holds a notable diversity, ca. 1000 species, of which 10 % are still unnamed. Fungus gnats are predominantly terrestrial insects, but some species dwell in wetland habitats.
New information
Eight new fungus gnat species, belonging to the families Keroplatidae (Orfeliaboreoalpina Salmela sp.n.) and Mycetophilidae (Sciophilaholopaineni Salmela sp.n., S.curvata Salmela sp.n., Boletinasasakawai Salmela & Kolcsár sp.n., B.norokorpii Salmela & Kolcsár sp.n., Phroniasompio Salmela sp.n., P.reducta Salmela sp.n., P.prolongata Salmela sp.n.), are described. Four of the species are known from Fennoscandia only whilst two are supposed to have boreo-alpine disjunct ranges, i.e. having populations in Fennoscandia and the Central European Alps. One of the species probably has a boreal range (Finnish Lapland and Central Siberia). Type material of Boletinacurta Sasakawa & Kimura from Japan was found to consist of two species, and a further species close to these taxa is described from Finland. Phroniaelegantula Hackman is redescribed and reported for the first time from Norway. DNA barcodes are provided for the first time for five species.
In this contribution, we present the first records of species from the families Cecidomyiidae,
Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae, and Sciaridae from Slovakia. A total of 45 species were identified,
of which 44 species are new to Slovakia—29 in Cecidomyiidae, 3 in Keroplatidae, 8 in Mycetophilidae,
and 4 in Sciaridae. New records for central Europe are as follows, Campylomyza nigroliminata
Mamaev, 1998, Gynapteromyia brevipalpis (Mamaev, 1964), Arctepidosis jamalensis Mamaev, 1990,
Asynapta magdalini Panelius, 1965, Camptomyia oldhammeri Jaschhof & Jaschhof 2019, Glemparon
sagittifer Jaschhof, 2013, Neurepidosis hybrida Jaschhof & Jaschhof, 2019, Paratetraneuromyia nobilis
(Felt, 1913), Porricondyla leacheana (Walker, 1856), Pseudepidosis lunaris Mamaev, 1966, Stackelbergiella
rickebasta Jaschhof, 2013, Tetraneuromyia discrepans Jaschhof & Jaschhof 2019, T. moldaviensis
(Spungis, 1987), and Sciophila minuta Zaitzev, 1982.
