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Massalongia nakamuratetsui sp. nov. 4 head 5 ventral view of mouthparts 6 female antenna 7 male antenna 8 dorsal view of female flagellomere V. 9 dorsal view of male flagellomere V. 10 wing 11 tarsomere V and acromere. Scale bars: 50 µm.
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Betula (Betulaceae), or birch, is a Holarctic genus of trees and shrubs whose species have ornamental, industrial, and medical importance. Gall midges of the genus Massalongia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiidi) are exclusively associated with birches in the Palearctic region. In 2018, an undescribed Massalongia species was discovered forming le...
Citations
... The slide-mounted specimens were examined under an Olympus CX43 bright-field and phase-contrast microscope, and line illustrations were made following Elsayed et al. (2020a). Photographs of the head, wing, female abdomen, and pupal abdomen were taken with an Olympus DP22 digital camera installed on an Olympus BX53 semi-motorized fluorescence microscope. ...
The Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan is a biodiversity hotspot with a remarkable diversity of endemic plants and animals. Although recent biodiversity surveys have highlighted that gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are the most species-rich taxon of insects worldwide, only 43 species are known presently in the Ryukyus. In this study, an undescribed gall midge developing in the flower buds of Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae) was found on Ishigaki Island, southern Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Morphologically, the gall midge belongs to the supertribe Cecidomyiidi (Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiinae), but it does not fit the definition of any of the tribes and genera classified of Cecidomyiidi. A molecular phylogenetic analysis including the main tribes of Cecidomyiidi was conducted and reinforced the results of morphological examination. Therefore, Ishigakidiplosis karamae Elsayed, gen. nov. et sp. nov. was introduced for what is no doubt a previously unnamed species. This new genus sheds light on the unique gall midges of the Ryukyus and highlights the importance of conducting further surveys to elucidate their diversity and evolutionary relationships to other known gall midges.
... Adult morphological terminology mainly follows Gagné (2018). Larval and pupal terminology follows Gagné (1994), with the addition of the term "antennal papillae" in the pupa as in Elsayed et al. (2020b). The holotype and paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan (ELKU). ...
... Gall midge specimens were mounted on slides in Canada balsam following the technique outlined in Gagné (1994), except for the clearing step for some larval and adult specimens following Elsayed et al. (2018b). The slide-mounted specimens were examined under an Olympus CX43 bright-field and phase-contrast microscope and the line illustrations were made following Elsayed et al. (2020a). Photos of gall, larva, pupal exuviae, and freshly emerged adults (Figs 1A-D, 6A) were taken with a Nikon D7500 APS-C DSLR camera and AF-S DX Micro NIKKOR 85mm f/3.5G ...
We describe a gall midge Parampelomyia yukawai Elsayed and Tokuda gen. nov. sp. nov. belonging to the subtribe Schizomyiina (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) based on an integrative taxonomic study. This species forms barely-swollen flower bud galls on the porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. heterophylla (Vitaceae) in Japan. The new genus is distinguishable from all known schizomyiine genera by tarsomere I lacking a ventroapical extension, the bulbous base of the protrusible portion of the ovipositor, the fused and sclerotized female cerci, the bidentate gonostylus, and the larval terminal abdominal segment that bears two corniform, two asetose and six setose papillae. The new genus is compared with and separated from the similar genera Schizomyia and Ampelomyia morphologically and phylogenetically.
... Morphological terminology for adults follows Gagné (2018). Terminology for larval and pupal morphology follows Gagné (1994), except for the term "antennal papillae" in the pupa as in Elsayed et al. (2020a). The holotypes and paratypes of the two new species are deposited in the collection of the Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan (ELKU). ...
Two new species of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiinae) associated with male flower buds of Phyllanthus flexuosus (Phyllanthaceae) are described and illustrated. Clinodiplosis gagnei Elsayed, new species, induces male flower bud galls, whereas Macrolabis katoi Elsayed, new species, is an inquiline. Females of both species visit the host plant at flowering in search of suitable oviposition sites and, in doing so, become dusted with pollen of the opened male flowers and come in contact with the stigmas of female flowers. Larvae of both gall midge species overwinter in the ground, and each has only one generation per year. This is the first report of the genus Macrolabis in Japan.
... The morphological terminology follows Gagné (2018) for adults, and Gagné (1994) for larvae and pupae. The term "antennal papillae" in the pupa follows Elsayed et al. (2020b). The holotype and paratypes of the new species are deposited in the collection of the Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan (ELKU). ...
The genus Gephyraulus Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is newly recorded on Fabaceae and in Japan. Gephyraulus tokudai Elsayed n. sp. that develops in the flower buds of Caesalpinia crista L. (Fabaceae) is described here as new to science. A description, illustrations, and ecological features of the new species are given. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analysis including the new species, G. zewaili and G. lycantha, each from a different host plant family, indicated that Gephyraulus is a polyphyletic genus.
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:979C74B9-4476-4C46-81D9-15BD90720FBE
... Gall midge specimens were mounted on microscope slides in Canada balsam following the technique outlined in Gagné (1994), except for the larvae and adults of the species from T. aristolochioides and S. uliginosa and the second instars of the species from T. asiaticum that were cleared following Elsayed et al. (2018a). The slidemounted specimens were examined under an Olympus CX43 bright-field and phase-contrast microscope and line illustrations were made following Elsayed et al. (2020b). Photos of heads and wings were taken with an Olympus BX53 semi-motorized fluorescence microscope and Olympus DP22 digital camera. ...
Ametrodiplosis Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Clinodiplosini) is a mostly Holarctic gall midge genus whose species are associated with a wide range of seed plant families, either as gall-inducers or inquilines. In this study, we describe three species of Ametrodiplosis from Japan: A. adetos n. sp. feeding in the flowers of Tylophora aristolochioides Miq. (Apocynaceae); A. aeroradicis n. sp. inducing aerial root galls on Trachelospermum asiaticum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Nakai and T. gracilipes var. liukiuense (Apocynaceae); and A. stellariae n. sp. forming leaf bud galls on Stellaria uliginosa Murray var. undulata (Thunb.) Ohwi (Caryophyllaceae). A molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial COI and ribosomal 16S genes and nuclear ribosomal 28S gene were conducted for the three new Ametrodiplisis species and other clinodiplosine taxa sequences available in GenBank. The analysis supported the monophyly of Ametrodiplosis despite the variable life history of the three species. In addition, it indicated very low intraspecific genetic divergence among the individuals from different localities and/or host plants. A taxonomic key to the three new Japanese species of Ametrodiplosis is provided.
... [west], Germany) before the procedure of sequential dehydration. The slide-mounted specimens 53 were examined under an Olympus CX43 bright-field and phase-contrast microscope and the line 54 illustrations were made following Elsayed et al. (2020). Some slide-mounted adults were shriveled. ...
The genus Schizomyia Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is newly recorded in Taiwan and Schizomyia maesae Elsayed, Lin & Tokuda n. sp. that forms irregular galls on stems of Maesa perlaria (Lour.) Merr. var. formosana (Primulaceae) is described as new to science. A description of larva, pupa and adults, illustrations and ecological features of the new species are given. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FDCB79DA-1483-48FA-9235-66BFC97AFC65
The monotypic genus Enigmadiplosis Harris (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was placed in the tribe Clinodiplosini based on adult morphology, but the genus is somewhat puzzling because larvae are typical for the tribe Cecidomyiini. In this study, we describe Enigmadiplosis harrisi sp. nov., a pest species that damages young leaves of the ornamental shrub Rhododendron pulchrum in Mie Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. We also conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis to confirm the tribal placement. The result clearly indicates that Enigmadiplosis belongs to Cecidomyiini and we therefore assign the genus to that tribe. In addition, we redescribe Clinodiplosis rhododendri (Felt) that forms leaf-roll galls on Rhododendron spp. in eastern North America to allay future questions as to the identity and show that this is unrelated to the new Japanese species.
New Caledonia is a biodiversity hotspot, but its gall midge fauna remains poorly known. In this study, we describe a gall midge Neocaledonidiplosis neoaryterae Elsayed, gen. et sp. nov. (Cecidomyiinae: Cecidomyiini) inducing leaf galls on Neoarytera chartacea (Sapindaceae) in Noumea, New Caledonia. The new genus is closely related to the catch‐all genus Contarinia, but distinguishable by the shorter ovipositor, longer aedeagus that bears sensoria and presence of the occipital protuberance. Molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted and supported the close relationship of the new genus with Contarinia. This is the first example of a gall midge belonging to the tribe Cecidomyiini to be reported on Sapindaceae.
First, each gall sort is defined based on gall structure and host plant information. Then, the number of sorts of gall was compared between different gall-inducing arthropod taxa, and cecidomyiid galls were confirmed to be most numerous in Japan. Up to present, 122 identified species of gall-inducing cecidomyiid have been known to occur in Japan. Faunistic comparison between China and Japan indicated no significant difference between the two areas. Some of Japanese cecidomyiids expanded their distribution range northward by overcoming big thermal differences and have established themselves in cold areas. Information on gall sorts, host plants, and distribution in this Chapter would be useful for young students to find target cecidomyiid galls in the field.
