Fig 1 - uploaded by María Fernanda Rodríguez
Content may be subject to copyright.
-Mapa de la Puna con la subdivisión ambiental (tomado de Elkin, 1996, adaptado de Baied & Wheeler, 1993) y detalles del área de estudio.
Source publication
This study includes an analysis of the species of Poaceae recovered in an archaeological site in the Argentine Southern Puna, province of Catamarca: Quebrada Seca 3. The investigation was carried about the use of Deyeuxia eminens J. Presl by groups of hunter-gatherers during the Archaic period ca. 10000-3000 years BP (8000-1000 years BC). The start...
Similar publications
For first time in Chile is documented the presence of Calceolaria lagunae-blancae Kraenzl., a species registered only in Argentina up to now. The collection was carried out in the Aisen Region, specifically in Coyhaique Alto town. We provide a description of the species and their habitat.
Citations
This first revision of the genus Deyeuxia in Argentina revealed 58 native taxa from America, three of them endemic to Argentina, and the remaining ones also growing in Bolivia, Brasil and Chile. Three new taxa are described for science: Deyeuxia alba subsp. breviaristata (Argentina, Brasil and Uruguay); Deyeuxia heterophylla var. puberilemma (Perú); Deyeuxia trichodonta var. hirsuta from (Argentina: Salta). The following taxa are new records for Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Ecuador: Deyeuxia brevifolia var. brevifolia and Deyeuxia brevifolia var. expansa (Chile); Deyeuxia cabrerae var. cabrerae, D. cabrerae var. aristulata (Chile); D. cabrerae var. trichopoda (Chile); Deyeuxia curta (Ecuador); D. diemii (Chile); Deyeuxia filifolia (Chile); Deyeuxia hackelii (Chile); Deyeuxia minima (Argentina and Ecuador); Deyeuxia sclerantha (Ecuador); Deyeuxia spicigera var. spicigera Chile); Deyeuxia spicigera var. cephalotes (Argentina) and Deyeuxia trichodonta var. trichodonta (Bolivia). The new name Deyeuxia nana, for Agrostis caespitosa, and the following new combinations are established: Deyeuxia reitzii, Deyeuxia rupestris f. pilosa, Deyeuxia rupestris var. minor, D. tarmensis var. macrochaeta, and Deyeuxia velutina var. nardifolia. New synonyms are established for Deyeuxia heterophylla (Calamagrostis mulleri, Calamagrostis macbridei); Deyeuxia rupestris f. pilosa (Calamagrostis leonardii, Calamagrostis longearistata f. pilosa) and Calamagrostis epigeios (Calamagrostis chilensis). This revision includes a critical evaluation of morphological characters (some of them studied by SEM) with taxonomic value at the generic and species level, and relationships among Deyeuxia and its closest genera are discussed. Nomenclatural considerations about problematic taxa, keys to Deyeuxia and related genera, and also to the species and subspecific taxa, descriptions, synonyms, illustrations, geographical distribution, ecological observations and vernacular names for every species are presented in detail.
The use of vegetable resources -both native and cultivated- in the prehistoric past were analyzed from botanical remnants recovered at the archaeological site of Punta de la Peña 4, layer 3, dated to ca. 760-560 B.P. The site is located near the village of Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca, Argentina (26° 11′ 16″ S and 67° 20′ 51.3″ W) at an altitude of 3,650 m. It is part of the Southern Argentinean Puna (basin in the higher Andes) and due to environmental characteristics and human behavior patterns, it is regarded as part of the Salty Puna. Besides identifying specific plant species from the site, the authors discuss possible uses of these species considering the recovered context at the archaeological site and ethnobotanical information. Also an evaluation was made of the relative importance of cultivated plant species for the domestic economy. The comparative anatomical and morphological analyses of present day and archaeological plants allowed for the identification of the latter. Seeds and Fruit of cultivated species of the genera Chenopodium, Phaseolus and Zea as well as the remains of native grasses, such as Deyeuxia and other herbaceous plant species, were identified. This the first discovery of cultigens (macroremains) in the area, and the relationship between these and native species in layer 3 is interesting.
This work explores the trajectories of plant resources in Northwestern Argentina by means of material evidences of food processing, artefact production and psicoactive consumption. Evidences of useful plants from different archaeological sites located at Puna, Prepuna and Valliserrana areas, between ca. 6500-400 years BP., are analyzed. Every case study includes the milling and/or pounding of plant resources as one of several steps on their processing chains. This characteristic, particularly, allow us to identify the plant resources by means of their use residues (microscopic items such as microfossils) preserved on grinding tools surface (milling tools, mortars and pestles). Ethnographic, ethnoarchaeo-logical and historical information is used to propose modalities for the processing of different plant resources related to production chains of food, psicoactive items and artefacts.
This investigation analyses the vegetable resources used for tecnofactures during the prehistoric past, based on remains of artefacts recovered at the archaeological site "Punta de la Peña 4", layers 0-4, dated to ca. 3900-500 years BP. The site is located in the proximity of the village of "Antofagasta de la Sierra", Catamarca, Argentina (26° 11″ 16 S and 67° 20 51.3″ W) at 3650 m altitude. The site locality belongs to the Southern Argentinean Puna and, according to the environmental characteristics, it belongs to the Salty Puna. The particular objectives were to identify plant species used as raw material, their collection area, and possible use of each artefact considering the recovered context at the archaeological site and the ethnobotanical information. Mobility and socio-economic exchanges taking into account the recovered non-local plant species is also discussed. The comparative anatomical and morphological analysis of present day and archaeological plants revealed that the species used for tecnofactures belong to the families Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Juncaceae, Poaceae, Solanaceae and Typhaceae. Possible collection areas for the archaeological species suggest that long distance human migrations decreased during the Late Holocene, being replaced by itineraries of ruled mobility related to pastoralism.
The synchronie and diachronic study of the use of plant species in the Southern Argentine Puna was done. The following archaeological sites situated in Antofagasta de la Sierra area, Province of Catamarca were considered: Quebrada Seca 3 (Early, Middle and Late Holocene), Cueva Salamanca 1 (Early - Middle Holocene), Punt a de la Pena 3 (Late Holocene), Punt a de la Pena 4 (Middle and Late Holocene), Punta de la Pena 11 (Late Holocene) and Pena de la Cruz 1 (Middle and Late Holocene). The first five sites are situated in different sectors of Las Pitas River and thelast one in the north side of llanco River (3,500- 4,100 m a.s.L). The starting point was a survey of the current flora in the area. The comparative anatomical and morphological analysis of current and archaeological plants permitted the identification of the latter. From the results, changes in improved microenvironments, areas of origin and probable uses of plant species, seasonally in the occupation of sites and local - no local species frequency ere inferred. In relation to this frequency, people movements and socioeconomic interactions in this sector of the Puna were interpreted.
A characterization of last hunter-gatherer occupations at Antofagasta de la Sierra (Southern Argentinean Puna) is presented (ca. 5,500-3,000 years BP). Different lines of evidence are considered: technofactures, rock art, residential mobility, territoriality, wild and domesticated animal and plant resources exploitation and non local biotic and abiotic resource procurement. It is highlighted that at this moment important socio-economic changes related to the emergence of productive activities occurred in the study area. We consider that such changes took place inside of local hunter-gatherer groups and from the sum of interactions with similar subsistence groups and that they were not owed to transformer stimulus from "nuclear areas". Besides, the local archaeological sequence studied is compared to contemporaneous information from Northern Argentinean Puna and desert of Chile. The goal is to board the variability in processes from different areas and possible relationships within them.
Lithic artifacts that belong to hunter-gatherer occupations from the Quebrada Seca 3 site during the Middle Holocene of the Southern Puna of Argentina, dating to ca. 4800–5900 cal BP are analyzed. These tools have been defined as stemmed projectile points whose blades were intensively maintained, resulting in asymmetric shapes. However, they have also been defined as knives because of their morphology when discarded. To establish a more complete version of the life history of these artifacts, from projectile points to knives, a research design was developed that includes several analytical microscopic and compositional techniques to identify the uses that were preserved over time. Information obtained through microwear analysis and the study of microscopic residues -microfossils and chemical residues – on the blades and stems indicates that these artifacts were used in several functions, with a first use as projectile points and a final use as knives in generalized plant and animal processing. The plant material processed includes roasted or dehydrated tuberous/roots. The tools were also used to cut animal skin, flesh and/or bone. Evidence for hafting to foreshafts or handles and for the use of adhesives was also found. The use-traces and life history results were mutually consistent. This contributed to the discussion of artifact life history and resource processing by the Middle Holocene hunter-gatherers of the South Central Andes.
Human evidence recorded from the mid-Holocene period (8000–4000BP) in the Salty Argentine Puna was analyzed using archaeobotanical information obtained in previous studies in this region, and compared with the results with the Chilean Salty Puna sector (Salar de Atacama and Loa River area). The archaeological sites of Quebrada Seca 3 (QS3), Cueva Salamanca 1 (CS1) and Peña de la Cruz 1 (PCz1), situated in Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina), were analyzed. Radiocarbon dates indicated a continuous human occupation at QS3, between 9800 and 4000BP. At CS1, the dates show a continuous occupation between 7400 and 6200BP. At PCz1, human occupation was radiocarbon dated at Circa 7300BP. These settlements in areas of high altitude coincide with a period of environmental deterioration, during which the regional climate might have been warmer and drier than the present climate, thus promoting vegetation changes.
Provenant des sites archéologiques de Punta de la Peña 4 et 9, différentes variétés de Zea mays L. (Poaceae) ont été étudiées. Ces sites sont situés près d'Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca, Argentine. Les dates obtenues au C14 vont de 1970 ± 50 à 530 ± 50 AA, laquelle période correspond à l'Holocène supérieur. L'hypothèse avancée stipule que l'utilisation intensive des espèces végétales sur les sites archéologiques étudiés est une préparation à l'étape suivante, soit la période de l'Holocène supérieur où l'horticulture et l'élevage faisaient partie des pratiques des chasseurs-cueilleurs de l'écozone de la Puna. L'évolution du processus de domestication des plantes dans la Puna du Sud de l'Argentine est réévaluée à la lumière de ces nouvelles données.
