Figure 1
Source publication
Isimerope semele n. gen. and n. sp., a valvatiform hydrobiid from southern continental Greece, is described
based on morphological and molecular data. Isimerope is distinguished from other European
and circum-Mediterranean valvatiform hydrobiid genera by a unique combination of morphological
characters, including distinctive male and female genital...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... species of a valvatiform hydrobiid gastropod that was collected from three localities in south continental Greece during the course of this survey. Specimens of the new taxon were collected from Megali Vrysi (stream), ‘Second Spring’ (spring) and Piana (river) in Peloponnisos (Fig. 1). Snails were collected by hand from stones, gravel and dead leaves and transported alive to the laboratory. Two specimens from each locality were stored in 2 20 8 C for molecular analysis and the rest were preserved unrelaxed in 70% ethanol for morphological and anatomical studies. Shell characters (shell height and width, apertural height and width) were measured using the micrometer of a stereomicroscope. For each population two specimens of each sex were dis- sected and studied anatomically. Before dissection, the shell of each specimen was removed by soaking in Perenny solution. External morphology was photographed using a Canon EOS 1000D camera attached to a stereomicroscope (Stemi 2000-C, Zeiss, Germany). Radulae and opercula were cleaned with KOH solution (5 g/l) at room temperature, rinsed in distilled water and air-dried before being mounted on stubs and spray- coated in gold–palladium. The protoconch, operculum and radula were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Jeol JSM –35 operating at 25 kV). Morphological terminology follows that of Hershler & Ponder (1998). Only a few specimens were collected from each locality (i.e. 9 specimens from Megali Vrysi, 12 from ‘Second Spring’ and 10 from Piana) owing to the small size of the populations. ...
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Citations
... Their COI sequence was interpreted as indicating a distinct species congeneric with Graecoarganiella parnassiana. Later, Radea et al. (2013) found other species at Megali Vrisi, Pharmakas Mt., and described it as a representative of a new monotypic genus Isimerope, with I. semele as the type species. In our tree (Fig. 7) Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are quite distinct (p-distance 0.096), but form a wellsupported clade (bootstrap value of 100%, Bayesian probability 1.0). ...
The minute valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae are less studied than other hydrobiid gastropods. In this paper, new data on these snails are presented, which have been collected at twelve springs in southern Greece: one in Boeotia, one on Evvoia Island, and ten on the Peloponnese Peninsula. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone (H3) have been used to confirm the determinations and infer the relationships of the studied gastropods. They represent the genera Daphniola , Graecoarganiella and Isimerope . New localities, expanding the known geographic ranges, have been presented for Daphniola hadei and Daphniola louisi . A species of Daphniola found at two localities has been identified as a species new to science, and its description, including the shell, penis, and female reproductive organs is given. Possible relationships between Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are discussed; their representatives are possibly new species. At one locality a single specimen likely represents a new genus: it was found to be most closely related with Islamia , but genetically (p-distance) too distant to be congeneric with Islamia .
... Taxon name, locality name, GenBank numbers and original references for sequences analysed in this study. 2006 and Milesiana Arconada & Ramos, 2006; Quiñonero-Salgado & Rolán (2017) for shells of Navalis Quiñonero-Salgado & Rolán, 2017; Boeters et al. (2019) for Salaeniella Boeters, Quiñonero-Salgado & Ruiz-Cobo, 2019; Arconada & Ramos (2002) for SpathogynaArconada & Ramos, 2002;Ramos et al. (2000) for TarraconiaRamos & Arconada, 2000;Falniowski & Szarowska (2011a) for GraecoarganiellaFalniowski & Szarowska, 2011;Radea et al. (2013) for IsimeropeRadea & Parmakelis, 2013;Radea et al. (2016) for Myrtoessa ...
... Taxon name, locality name, GenBank numbers and original references for sequences analysed in this study. 2006 and Milesiana Arconada & Ramos, 2006; Quiñonero-Salgado & Rolán (2017) for shells of Navalis Quiñonero-Salgado & Rolán, 2017; Boeters et al. (2019) for Salaeniella Boeters, Quiñonero-Salgado & Ruiz-Cobo, 2019; Arconada & Ramos (2002) for SpathogynaArconada & Ramos, 2002;Ramos et al. (2000) for TarraconiaRamos & Arconada, 2000;Falniowski & Szarowska (2011a) for GraecoarganiellaFalniowski & Szarowska, 2011;Radea et al. (2013) for IsimeropeRadea & Parmakelis, 2013;Radea et al. (2016) for Myrtoessa ...
Most valvatiform genera of the gastropod family Hydrobiidae are narrow-range taxa. One
exception is the genus Arganiella, which is comprised of three congeners: the type species A. pescei from the Apennine Peninsula, A. wolfi from the Iberian Peninsula and A. tabanensis from the Balkans. The genus assignment of the latter two species was based on morphological similarities with A. pescei in the shell, operculum, radula and genitalia. Given that the morphology of hydrobiids is sometimes susceptible to convergence, this study re-evaluates the taxonomic status of species of Arganiella by analysing mitochondrial (mtCOI) and nuclear (18S rRNA) sequences of topotypes or near topotypes to infer their phylogenetic position. Our phylogenetic analyses depicted Arganiella as a non-monophyletic group within Hydrobiidae, and sequence divergence among the three species ranged from 14.5 to 16.7% for mtCOI and 2.0 to 3.8% for 18S. We also re-examined the extent of morphological variation among species of Arganiella and found a few differences among them and other valvatiform genera. Consequently, we propose two new genera for A. wolfi and A. tabanensis. Our results conflict with the classification of valvatiform hydrobiid species solely based on traditional phenotypical methods and suggest further taxonomic evaluation within a molecular framework.
... Freshwater gastropods from the Greek islands in the Aegean Sea have been recorded since the 19th century (Clessın 1878a, b, Boettger 1889, Schütt 1980, Reıschütz et al. 2008. Recent studies, including descriptions of new species, have contri buted to our knowledge of the distributions of freshwater molluscs from insular Greece (Glöer et al. 2010, 2018, Albrecht et al. 2012, Falnıowskı et al. 2012, Radea et al. 2013a, b, Szarowska et al. 2014, 2016a, b, Georgopoulou et al. 2016. ...
... Twelve locally endemic truncatelloidean species (see , 2008, Falniowski and Szarowska 2011b, Georgiev 2013, Radea et al. 2013a) have been described from Peloponnese so far (Fig 1). The high number of endemic truncatelloideans was being expected since the complex topography and the intense geological history of this mainly mountainous area facilitate and promote the diversity and endemicity of invertebrates (Sfenthourakis andLegakis 2001, Legakis andMaragou 2009). ...
... The new genus inhabits a stream with cold and clear fast running water. The rest known valvatiform genera of Greece thrive in various freshwater systems: Islamia and Pseudoslamia in lakes, springs and streams, Isimerope in springs and rivers, Fissuria in subterranean waters, Daphniola, Hauffenia and Graecoarganiella in springs and Prespolittorea in lakes (Radoman 1983, Reischütz 1988, Bodon et al. 2001, Falniowski and Szarowska 2011a, Radea et al. 2013a. ...
Citation: Radea C, Parmakelis A, Giokas S (2016) Myrtoessa hyas, a new valvatiform genus and a new species of the Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from Greece. ZooKeys 640: 1–18. https://doi. Abstract A new to science valvatiform hydrobiid, Myrtoessa hyas Radea, gen. n. & sp. n., from southern Greece, is described and illustrated. The new genus is a tiny gastropod thriving in a stream and is differentiated from the other known European and circum-Mediterranean valvatiform hydrobiid genera by a unique combination of the male and female genitalia features i.e. penis long, flat, blunt, with wide wrinkled proximal part and narrow distal part with a sub-terminal eversible papilla on its left side, bursa copulatrix well-developed, pyriform, fully protruding from the posterior end of the albumen gland and two seminal receptacles respectively. The new monotypic and locally endemic genus is narrowly distributed and its single known population nearby a coastal bustling village is vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors.
... This value lies within the range reported for conspecific populations of various hydrobiids: 0-3.4% for Pyrgulopsis (Hurt, 2004), 3.4% for Grossuana , 1.3 -2.7% for Daphniola , 1.5-2.6% for Cincinatia (Hershler et al., 2011), 3.0% for Isimerope (Radea et al., 2013a). Pseudamnicola pieperi differs from its Greek congeners by 3.6-8.8% in COI sequences and from its European congeners belonging to the subgenus Pseudamnicola by 6.5-13.5%. ...
Pseudamnicola pieperi, previously known only from Karpathos Island (southeast Aegean Sea), is reported from seven new localities on Karpathos and
redescribed and taxonomically circumscribed using morphological, anatomical and mtDNA sequence data. Additionally, two new
species of Pseudamnicola are described from Rodos, i.e. P. ianthe and P. ilione. The species from Karpathos and Rodos are differentiated from each other (and from the other Greek and circum Mediterannean
congeners having similarly shaped shells and penes) by details of the radula, the nervous system and the female genitalia;
they are also genetically divergent relative to those congeners that have been sequenced (mtCOI divergence: 3.6–13.5%).
... Hydrobioids are in accordance with this observation since they are highly diverse; 77 species and subspecies belonging to 29 genera have already been recorded in Greek freshwater systems, most of them (i.e. 68.4 % of the species and subspecies and 34.5% of the genera) being endemic for Greece (Bank 2006, Falniowski and Szarowska 2011a, Radea 2011, Szarowska and Falniowski 2011a, Glöer and Georgiev 2012, Georgiev 2013a,b, Radea et al. 2013). Nevertheless, the freshwater gastropod fauna of Greece remains understudied compared to other taxa (i.e. ...
... ARGOLIDAS (Megali Vrysi and " Second Spring " ) and one in Nom. ARKADIAS (Elissonas River, Piana) (Radea et al. 2013). A fourth population of I. semele was recorded by Falniowski and Szarowska (2011a) close to the population in Arkadia and reported by these authors as Graecoarganiella sp. ...
... Pyrgulopsis 0–3.44% (Hurt 2004), Grossuana 3.4% (Szarowska et al. 2007), Daphniola 1.3–2.7% (Falniowski et al. 2007), Isimerope 3% (Radea et al. 2013) and other truncatelloidean genera e.g. Austropyrgus 3–5% (Perez et al. 2005). ...
Hydrobioid freshwater gastropods were collected from mainland and insular Greece. Several threatened taxa, such as Graecoanatolica vegorriticola, Pseudamnicola negropontina, Pseudamnicola pieperi, Pseudobithynia eubooensis and Pseudoislamia balcanica, were recorded from new localities. Trichonia trichonica, which has been considered extinct from its type locality for the last twenty eight years, was re-discovered, whereas the presence of Daphniola exigua, G. vegorriticola, Marstoniopsis graeca, P. pieperi and Pseudobithynia trichonis in their type localities was verified. The taxonomic status of P. negropontina and the newly discovered populations of G. vegorriticola was elucidated using COI sequence data. The new data recorded during this survey indicate that the IUCN status of some Greek endemic hydrobioids needs to be updated.
Rivers of the Boreal Uplands vary greatly in size and hydrological regime. The most typical feature of all rivers is their importance in valleys as landscape elements and as key economic centers. To reduce perturbations and maintain catchments for coming generations, 388 parts of or entire catchments are protected through a special Protection Plan for Watercourses, and 52 rivers (represent 75% of the Atlantic salmon biomass in the region) have been selected as National Salmon Watercourses to protect areas for the wild Atlantic salmon. At present, two major challenges exist. A major interest in building small hydropower schemes (installed effect <10 MW) has taken place in recent years. The second challenge is related to floods and the use of land near river corridors. Problems arise in areas where the river corridor is a major part of the area available for human activity.
This chapter examines fifteen major river basins, six being transboundary, that encompass the biogeographical mosaic of the Balkan Peninsula and deliver over 80% of river flows into the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Apart from a number of mountain river sections with spectacular wilderness landscapes still remaining intact, the majority of the Balkan rivers is under multiple human-induced pressures and increasingly threatened as a result of socioeconomic drivers combined with poor environmental planning and inadequate environmental legislation or enforcement. Lowland river sections face substantial hydro-morphological modifications and are at the greatest pollution risk as a result of insufficient treatment of municipal, mining and industrial wastewaters. New threats include many new dams, water transfers and hundreds of small hydro-electric projects. River flows and wetlands are declining at an alarming rate;; water quality deterioration is locally severe, while fragmentation of terrestrial and aquatic habitats even in protected areas cause irreversible disturbance to the connectivity, biodiversity and ecological quality of Balkan rivers despite recent integrated policy efforts such as the EU′s Water Framework Directive.
Daphniola dione sp. nov. , a valvatiform hydrobiid gastropod from Western Greece, is described based on conchological, anatomical and molecular data. D. dione is distinguished from the other species of the Greek endemic genus Daphniola by a unique combination of shell and soft body character states and by a 7–13% COI sequence divergence when compared to congeneric species. The only population of D. dione inhabits a cave spring on Lefkada Island, Ionian Sea.
• Efforts to describe spatial patterns of freshwater diversity and to evaluate their underlying factors have traditionally been focused on some animal groups (e.g. amphibians, fish or dragonflies). Despite being a dominant component in continental aquatic ecosystems and crucial for determining priority areas for conservation, broad‐scale data on gastropod total species, endemic and threatened species richness are limited. Based on these biodiversity indices, we identify global hotspots, extinction risk along the elevational gradient and the drivers of species richness patterns in the largest group of freshwater gastropods, the family Hydrobiidae.
• Given the strong dependency to a nonmarine aquatic environment, the observed richness patterns of extant hydrobiid species could be significantly influenced by large‐scale geography and dispersal processes as well as climatic conditions affecting continental ecosystems. Therefore, we tested several predictions for species richness derived from ecological and evolutionary hypotheses postulated for other freshwater groups.
• Based on a comprehensive literature and biodiversity database review, we compiled the number of total, endemic and threatened species per freshwater ecoregion. We classified ecoregions as hotspots if each biodiversity index was in the top 25% of its range and assessed the effect of 13 environmental and evolutionary factors on species richness using generalised linear models.
• We identified 906 species and 157 genera of Hydrobiidae showing mainly a Nearctic–Palearctic distribution and 19 biodiversity hotspots, most located across the Mediterranean Basin. In our data set, 83% of the species were endemic to a single ecoregion. Of the 43% non‐data deficient species, we found almost three times more threatened than non‐threatened species, and extinction risk peaked at 1,500 m a.s.l. Species richness was unequally distributed over biogeographic realms, increased with higher connectivity among ecoregions, and was negatively related with annual temperature range. Latitude and precipitation seasonality explained part of the richness variation by a nonlinear relationship.
• The identified hotspots correspond with those of other freshwater taxa. The hump‐shaped relationship of extinction risk with elevation is likely the consequence of decreasing natural and anthropogenic perturbations at higher elevations. Global hotspots of Hydrobiidae richness represent areas of climatic stability with medium precipitation and temperature seasonality that are well connected with other hydrological basins. Our results illustrate that both evolutionary and environmental factors determine these global patterns and that future changes of the latter factors may affect hydrobiid richness.
