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This paper presents an Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) design approach aimed at re-defining the role of green area network as part of the Land Use Masterplan of the city of Catania (Italy), a southern Mediterranean city. It is a particularly relevant and challenging case considering the substantial lack of green spaces, which characterizes the urb...
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El estudio la estructura urbana y sus implicaciones sobre la eficiencia de la urbanización ha ocu-pado buena parte de la agenda de investigación urbana. Sin embargo, la identificación de las centralidades se ha limitado al estudio de indicadores simples relacionados con la densidad de empleo o los flujos que este genera. En este artículo se utiliza...
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Citations
... A study in South Africa defined urban agriculture based specifically on the type of activities occurring in the country, such as rice harvesting, duck and fish rearing, and also brick-making on the rice fields while waiting for the next planting season (Aubry et al., 2012). However, the many precedents that categorise different types of urban agriculture are either from the Western or European point of view, too generalized, or too specified on a city or region which we deemed may not be suitable for Jakarta context (Privitera et al., 2013;Rosa et al., 2014), thus a compilation of typologies of urban agriculture specific to the city was warranted in order to provide a more comprehensive characterization of urban agriculture. ...
... Characteristics that define different typologies of urban agriculture were derived through a literature review and compiled as the basis of assessment for the case of undefined urban agriculture in Jakarta. Many precedents categorising different types of urban agriculture were from the Western point of view (Privitera et al., 2013;Rosa et al., 2014), which may not be suitable for Jakarta's context. Thus a compilation of typologies of urban agriculture was warranted to provide a more comprehensive characterization of urban agriculture. ...
Currently, while urban agriculture occupies approximately 21% of total green space area in Jakarta, its potential contribution towards the city’s food security has not been acknowledged or realised by the government. This is evident from several issues raised within the local context, most notably government policies that lead to insecure land title and tenure for many farmers. The current approach to urban agriculture land use policy puts diverse production strategies all under the broad umbrella of urban agriculture, which ranges from community gardens, urban farms, edible school gardens; this singular one-size-fits-all policy is problematic. Thus, we argue that in order for the government to generate policies which support the continuity of diverse urban agriculture practices, there is a need to systematically understand different typologies of urban agriculture across form and function. This paper used a case study of typical undefined urban agriculture fields in Jakarta as the starting point to begin to systematically define diverse typologies of local urban agriculture. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and geographic information system (GIS) mapping. The results provide an in-depth characterization of one typology of urban agriculture in Jakarta, summarised as medium to highly commercialised domestically run small and medium scale farms, located primarily on private land, producing vegetables and livestock for local markets within the city. The farmers were a mix of locals and migrants of informal tenure status, who were highly dependent on their farms for income generation and household food security. We conclude with suggested strategies for policy improvement to accommodate diverse urban agriculture typologies. The case of Jakarta provides a proof of concept, and serves as a reference for other metropolitan areas in developing countries to develop policies to accommodate urban agriculture practices across a broad spectrum of typologies, particularly as a strategy for meeting urban food security goals.
... • improving living conditions in residential districts (Alpopi & Manole, 2013); • increasing the energy performance (Deakin, Campbell, & Alasdair, 2012) and anti-seismic response of existing urban fabric (Güzey, 2016); • redeveloping public spaces and enhancing the provision of public services and related ecosystem services (Privitera, Martinico, La Rosa, & Pappalardo, 2013); and • Modernizing urban infrastructure (Huston, Rahimzad, & Parsa, 2015). ...
... In order to obtain a more accurate evaluation of the positive effects of regeneration programmes, other indicators that could be integrated into this assessment include mobility indicators concerning the availability of public transport, distance to transit stops, roads, pedestrian and cycling lanes (Jordan, Birkin, & Evans, 2014), and socio-economic factors influencing residents' behaviour (Laprise et al., 2015). Another important aspect that might be worth integrating relates to the impacts of urban regeneration on environmental factors (see, for example, Collier, 2011) and urbanecosystem services (particularly regulating and cultural services) (Holt, Mears, Lorraine Maltby, & Warren, 2015;La Rosa & Privitera, 2013). ...
Abstract The relationship between sustainable urban development and environmental sustainability is crucial to every strategy of urban transformation, renewal and regeneration. In particular, urban regeneration entails programmes of urban transformation that involve the rehabilitation of existing parts of a city, re-use previously built-up area and abandoned buildings, and redevelop blighted urban spaces to increase urban sustainability. Few existing studies have evaluated the real environmental outcomes and effectiveness of regeneration programmes in terms of physical variables such as newly provided green spaces, access to public transportation, climate change or seismic-risk reduction. This paper proposes a method for spatially quantifying the benefits of regenerating areas with reference to environmental and urban factors, such as reduction of seismic risk, increase in accessibility and diversity of land use. Each aspect is evaluated by spatial indicators, calculated at different geographical units that steadily increase in size, in order to understand the effects of a single regeneration area and of a number of concurrent areas. The work focuses on the municipality of Catania (Italy), a high-density urban context, with a general lack of green spaces, and high levels seismic risk exposure. Results show that positive benefits can be extended from regeneration areas to contiguous relevant portions of the city, and that even a limited number of regeneration areas can produce relevant benefits. These benefits rely on the combination of characteristics of regeneration areas and urban environments in which they are located, such as population density, presence/accessibility of urban services, and land-use diversity.
... Particularly, urban regeneration programs oriented to urban sustainability and energy efficiency must be implemented at local urban or regional scale. The objectives of this kind of programs are aimed at increasing the energy performance and anti-seismic response of existing urban fabric, enhancing the provision of public services and the related ecosystem services [5]. The scale of regeneration programs is a fundamental issue for their effectiveness: at urban scale, interrelations among different components of urban fabric can be taken into account in order to achieve high levels of urban environment quality. ...
... The main city in char- acterised by a shortage of public spaces and services, especially green spaces. Currently the amount of public green space is about 3 m 2 /inhabitant much less than the minimum amount stipulated by national legislation which is 9 m 2 /inhabitant ( Privitera et al., 2013). ...
Monitoring urban green space (UGS) indicators is key to assessing progress against the UNs sustainable development goals (SDGs). Within these indicators, measuring the provision of UGS as well as its accessibility is considered a major objective. However, neither the relationship between the two indicators, nor differences related to different types of UGS have been adequately evaluated. In this paper, these two indicators are calculated and analyzed for four size-based types of UGS and for 69 municipalities, which are part of the 16 regional capital cities of Chile. For the provision indicator, the average calculated over all municipalities does not reach the often proposed standard of 11 sq.m/inhab., but only 5.29 sq.m/inhab. Regarding the accessibility indicator, when a walking speed of 4 km/h is considered, the smaller residential green spaces have the highest accessibility (65% of the population have access), but accessibility for larger GS is low. When a walking speed of 2 km/h is assumed, then accessibility drops to 29%, 5%, 5% and 5% respectively. We found that calculation results for the four types of UGS are statistically different, and therefore one type cannot replace another in case of monitoring: Higher UGS provision does not guarantee higher accessibility.
