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Landscape patterns have been measured as a fundamental part of landscape ecology, especially with increasing computational power and availability of landcover data. Among the challenges associated with landscape measurement is identifying the appropriate scale of application, both temporal and spatial. Measurement of landscape patterns in h...
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... (Composition refers to what kinds of land-cover types are present, configuration is how patches of land-cover types are arranged, connectivity assesses potential isolation of land-cover patches of a given type, and context refers to the overall setting in terms of homogeneity/heterogeneity and stability/instability [persistence] over time.) These attributes are poorly understood because the spatial properties of agroecosystems are seldom measured (Fahrig et al. 2011;Hopfenmüller et al. 2014) or are not examined over time (Corry 2019;Coffin et al. 2021). Which aspect of landscape pattern change is most pertinent to support sustainable agriculture remains uncertain (Landis 2017;Tscharntke et al. 2021). ...
... Crop rotation is common, resulting in landcover compositional changes (Ambinakudige and Intsiful 2020;Yasarer et al. 2020). Yearly rotations generally involve two crops (Bennett et al. 2012), generating routine fluctuations in landscape patterns (Corry 2018(Corry , 2019Jeanneret et al. 2021). However, previous studies had limited detail about distributions and timings of land-cover changes. ...
... Thus, it is likely that future agricultural productivity can only be increased in the Delta through management strategies other than conversion of more land to cultivation. In summary, our study addresses knowledge gaps in spatio-temporal heterogeneity of agroecosystems (Hopfenmüller et al. 2014;Corry 2019;Coffin et al. 2021) via an assessment of shifting mosaic dynamics within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. Our insights can guide agroecosystem optimization (Jeanneret et al. 2021;Tscharntke et al. 2021) and be a model for examining similar agroecosystems (Yang et al. 2019;Jeanneret et al. 2021). ...
Cultivation and crop rotation, influenced by federal policy, prices, and precipitation, are significant sources of land-cover heterogeneity. Characterization of heterogeneity is required to identify areas and trends of stability or change.
We analyzed a land-cover time series within a prominent agroecosystem in the US, the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta (the Delta), as a case study of which metrics capture dynamics of landscape composition, configuration, connectivity, and context.
An assessment of land cover- from 2008 to 2021- was conducted and analyzed for potential differences among three Farm Bill eras. Twelve out of 23 metrics (including three new ones presented herein) examined were useful in characterizing land-cover heterogeneity.
Although there was no increase in cultivated land, > 72% of the Delta experienced changes in land-cover type, and ~ 3% of the Delta was stable monoculture. Configurational metrics varied across years for soybeans, cotton, and rice, indicating prevalence of field-level changes in composition; connectivity metrics revealed isolation of upland forest and rice. The amount of corn was positively associated with the previous year’s commodity prices and negatively with precipitation whereas soybean acreage was lower in high-precipitation years and more dependent on commodity prices. Farm Bill effects were mixed among categories, whereas CRP generally declined.
The Delta experienced land-cover change with no net loss or gain of cultivated lands. Using 12 metrics that captured temporal shifts in spatial patterns, we characterized this agroecosystem as a shifting mosaic. Our approach may be useful for identifying areas of spatio-temporal heterogeneity or stability, with implications on resource management.
... For an agroforestry ecosystem, the landscape pattern plays an important role in ensuring the quality of its ecosystem and enhancing the sustainability of its service capacity [13,18]. Agroforestry ecosystems are artificial complex ecosystems composed of multiple species on the same land and with the same environment [6,19,20]. ...
... When the pattern characteristics of landscape spatial Agriculture 2023, 13, 43 3 of 27 heterogeneity are strongly disturbed by the natural environment and human activities, the agroforestry ecosystem will undergo unstable fluctuations and significant changes beyond the threshold of ecosystem stability [31]. Therefore, it has become a mainstream approach in current research to optimize the number, size, shape, distribution, and combination patterns of patches with different attributes within their landscapes by using a spatial explicit analysis [13,21,29] to improve the efficiency of interactions among species and the stability of synergistic symbiosis in ecosystems [32,33]. However, agroforestry ecosystem quality remains to be at risk of breaching equilibrium thresholds driven by multiple disturbances, making ecosystems more vulnerable [34,35], which in turn, directly affects ecosystem services [36]. ...
... Under the new situation, how to improve the sustainability of agroforestry benefits and the level of regional ecosystem services in KRD control is imminent. There has been global research on ecosystem quality [14,50,51], landscape optimization [52,53], benefit coupling mechanisms [13,54], and strategic practices which has laid foundational work for exploring the sustainability of agroforestry tem services, but there has not yet been a systematic review (Table 1). Therefore, paper, we used a bibliometric statistical approach to systematically review the re progress and landmark results of global ELA [56]. ...
Since the 1950s, the rapid depletion of natural capital due to human activities has led to a growing global demand for ecological and socioeconomic sustainability, driving the development of agroforestry. Although agroforestry ecosystems can maintain sustainable land resources and maximize land productivity, their quality continues to fluctuate. Moreover, there is no clear review of studies addressing the impact of the evolution of agroforestry landscape patterns on their ecosystems , and to fill this gap, we conducted an inclusive review. A total of 163 publications related to agroforestry ecosystem quality and landscape patterns (ELA) that met a set of inclusion criteria were obtained through the Scopus database using the literature review method of searching, appraisal, and synthesis report. The objectives were to summarize the research progress on ELA, reveal the dynamic coupling mechanism between landscape pattern evolution and ecosystem quality, explore the role of landscape pattern optimization in ecological processes and services in agroforestry, and suggest future research and policy directions. Although the understanding of landscape patterns and ecological processes has been deepened, there are limitations in the study of scales, habitats, and other aspects. It is emphasized that understanding the interaction between agroforestry and other landscape elements in spatiotemporal organization is a prerequisite for promoting sustainable benefits, and that the challenges of spatiotemporal dynamics are integrated to scientifically optimize agroforestry landscape patterns. Finally, it is necessary to gain revelations based on the coupling relationship of ELA, through scientific management of agroforestry landscapes, in order to sustainably consolidate the effectiveness of karst rocky desertification (KRD) control and to enhance human welfare.
Este estudo analisou a fragmentação florestal por meio de métricas de ecologia da paisagem na bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ji-Paraná, Estado de Rondônia. Utilizada a classificação do uso e ocupação do solo disponibilizada pelo MapBiomas. As métricas de ecologia da paisagem foram calculadas utilizando o software FRAGSTATS. A fragmentação florestal analisada consistiu em quatro classes de acordo com o tamanho dos fragmentos, sendo as classes: menor que 5 ha, entre 5 e 10 ha, entre 10 e 100 ha e maior que 100 ha, comparando os anos de 1985 e 2019. Ainda, no estudo verificou-se o NDVI anual médio para cada classe de tamanho de fragmento a partir de dados do Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer com 500 metros de resolução espacial e 16 dias de revisita usando a plataforma Google Earth Engine. A análise da fragmentação da paisagem mostrou um aumento no número de fragmentos com tamanho menor que 5 ha de 1985 para 2019. Além disso, apresentou aumento no número de áreas nucleares disjuntas para todas as classes de fragmentos e mostrou um aumento da distância entre fragmentos maiores que 100 ha. Quanto ao NDVI, todos os tamanhos de fragmentos apresentaram diferenças significativas quando comparados aos fragmentos com tamanho maior que 100 ha, que apresentaram os maiores valores.
Este estudo analisou a fragmentação florestal por meio de métricas de ecologia da paisagem na bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ji-Paraná, Estado de Rondônia. Utilizada a classificação do uso e ocupação do solo disponibilizada pelo MapBiomas. As métricas de ecologia da paisagem foram calculadas utilizando o software FRAGSTATS. A fragmentação florestal analisada consistiu em quatro classes de acordo com o tamanho dos fragmentos, sendo as classes: menor que 5 ha, entre 5 e 10 ha, entre 10 e 100 ha e maior que 100 ha, comparando os anos de 1985 e 2019. Ainda, no estudo verificou-se o NDVI anual médio para cada classe de tamanho de fragmento a partir de dados do Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer com 500 metros de resolução espacial e 16 dias de revisita usando a plataforma Google Earth Engine. A análise da fragmentação da paisagem mostrou um aumento no número de fragmentos com tamanho menor que 5 ha de 1985 para 2019. Além disso, apresentou aumento no número de áreas nucleares disjuntas para todas as classes de fragmentos e mostrou um aumento da distância entre fragmentos maiores que 100 ha. Quanto ao NDVI, todos os tamanhos de fragmentos apresentaram diferenças significativas quando comparados aos fragmentos com tamanho maior que 100 ha, que apresentaram os maiores valores.
