Map of study area, showing (a) land cover in 2019 (Dewitz & U.S. Geological Survey, 2021), outlines of Boulder Creek and South Boulder Creek watersheds upstream of their confluence (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019), streams and main ditches (Boulder County, 2023b), and sampling locations; (b) detail for inset shown in a, with major roads (Boulder County, 2023b). U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging station 06730200 is located at site B34, and the City of Boulder's Wastewater Treatment Facility discharges to Boulder Creek 100 m downstream of the gage. See Table S1 in Supporting Information S1 for more detailed information about the sampling sites and Figure S1 in Supporting Information S1 for maps of land cover and geology of the Boulder Creek watershed.

Map of study area, showing (a) land cover in 2019 (Dewitz & U.S. Geological Survey, 2021), outlines of Boulder Creek and South Boulder Creek watersheds upstream of their confluence (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019), streams and main ditches (Boulder County, 2023b), and sampling locations; (b) detail for inset shown in a, with major roads (Boulder County, 2023b). U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging station 06730200 is located at site B34, and the City of Boulder's Wastewater Treatment Facility discharges to Boulder Creek 100 m downstream of the gage. See Table S1 in Supporting Information S1 for more detailed information about the sampling sites and Figure S1 in Supporting Information S1 for maps of land cover and geology of the Boulder Creek watershed.

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Urbanization can have substantial effects on water quality due to altered hydrology and introduction of constituents to water bodies. In arid and semi‐arid environments, streams are further stressed by dewatering as a result of diversions. We conducted a high‐resolution synoptic survey of two streams in Colorado, USA that transition abruptly from g...