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Map of conflict events and fatalities in Azerbaijan 1992–1996, Source UCDP-GED (2020). Notes: The map shows the 9 economic regions of mainland Azerbaijan (66 districts) and the exclave of Nakhchivan (7 districts). The non-sampled Nakhchivan and Kelbajar-Lachin economic regions are highlighted in light grey; the de facto Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh (also known as Republic of Artsakh, in 2006 under full-Armenian control and populated only by ethnic Armenians) and the sampled parts of the contested districts of Agdam, Terter and Fizuli (Upper-Karabakh) are, respectively, in progressively darker grey. Blue dots indicate conflict events. Larger orange dots denote increasingly high number of conflict fatalities as measured by UCDP-GED best estimate. Multiple conflict events occurred in the same location, so blue dots sometimes overlap
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Does armed conflict influence female teen marriage? Despite increasing attention to early marriage, its drivers and consequences, quantitative research on whether teen unions are affected by situations of armed violence is minimal. This paper addresses this gap by examining the relationship between exposure to the conflict in Nagorno-K...
Citations
... While we hypothesise that this relationship holds regardless of gender and displacement status, we expect age at marriage to matter more for Syrian refugee women. In a displacement context where earlier marriages may be driven by security and economic concerns, parents and girls themselves may be willing to sacrifice spouse quality or compatibility to obtain the perceived security of a marriage match (Shemyakina, 2013;Torrisi, 2022), resulting in lower marriage quality. ...
Marital quality is an important determinant of well-being and is related to how unions are formed. Both processes of union formation and marital relationships may be influenced by stressful conditions, including insecurity and displacement. We leverage unique representative data on young Syrian refugees in Jordan to learn more about the interplay between displacement, union formation characteristics and marital quality. Through comparisons with youth from the Jordanian host population, we assess the role of key contextual predictors of marital quality, such as consanguinity and young people’s role in choosing their spouse, with a focus on gender differences. We measure marital quality with six separate items capturing aspects of equality, respect and interpersonal communication and a unidimensional scale identified through exploratory factor analysis. Results show that consanguinity, marital duration and number of children are generally unrelated to marital quality in both populations. In contrast, involvement in spouse choice emerges as the strongest predictor, with both Syrians and Jordanians in family-arranged unions experiencing lower-quality marriages. Among Syrians, women suffer more from lower marital quality, especially when arranged unions happen at a young age, and marriages formed after displacement to Jordan appear more fragile. The study is one of the first to explore predictors of marital quality in a non-Western, conflict-affected population. The findings emphasise the importance of the demographic study of family dynamics in situations of insecurity and displacement moving beyond a narrow focus on marriage timing to cover a wider range of marriage outcomes related to family well-being.
... Globally, studies of the impact of mass violence on reproductive health and behaviors have yielded mixed results. Violence has been shown to both drive and limit fertility, decrease and increase family planning utilization, and raise or lower the age at first cohabitation, sex, and childbirth (see review by Neal, Stone, and Ingham 2016;also Caudillo and Lee 2023a;Elveborg Lindskog 2016;Islam et al. 2016;Kraehnert et al. 2019;Svallfors and Billingsley 2019;Torrisi 2020Torrisi , 2022. Extant literature mostly consists of single-case studies using a range of methods and measures of violence, making it challenging to directly compare samples, models, and estimates. ...
Deadly violence has drastically increased in Latin America, posing a serious threat to women's sexual and reproductive health. Previous research has documented both increases and declines in youth‐to‐adulthood transitions associated with exposure to violence globally. However, there has been a lack of comparative studies focusing on multiple life‐course transitions. This study investigated the impact of community violence on women's life‐course transitions in Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and Guatemala. Drawing on nationally representative surveys and homicide statistics, fixed effects models are employed to estimate the correlation between women's exposure to community violence and the intensity, timing, and sequencing of their critical life events: first cohabitation and childbirth. The results revealed that exposure to violence was associated with an increase in the quantum and tempo of transitions to first cohabitation and birth in Colombia. Competing risk models showed that community violence correlated with the sequencing of cohabitation and birth in the Dominican Republic, as identified by an increase in precohabiting fertility. There was suggestive but inconclusive evidence of an association between community violence and transitions to first birth in Guatemala. In conclusion, community violence indeed predicts women's youth‐to‐adulthood transitions in Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and potentially Guatemala, with repercussions for the subsequent life experiences of individuals and entire cohorts.
... From Figure 5, the theme of impact can be seenpsychosocialMarriage is often discussed in relation to girls, teenage marriages, anxiety, divorce. (Elnakib et al., 2021;Fahme et al., 2021;Logie et al., 2021;Torrisi, 2022;Wuermli et al., 2021). The yellow node indicates that this theme has been widely used in publications on the psychosocial impact of early marriage in previous journals. ...
Marriages that are carried out without being prepared mentally, physically or financially can cause problems for the continuation of the marriage. The impacts that arise also vary, starting from the health of mothers who are pregnant at a young age, the condition of children born to young mothers, the psychology of the couple, and what is even worse is the impact of divorce. In this research study, researchers need information about innovations and new trends for the topic. Objective: The purpose of this research is to explore the number of publication trends and citation trends with the highest number of publications, as well as which fields are approved for publication, network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization through bibliometric analysis. Method: This research uses bibliometric analysis. Records were identified through database searches https://app.dimensions.ai/, continued through the PRISMA flowchart. Publications from 2019-2023, focus on psychology, health science, health services and systems, clinical science. The type of publication is an article, the data is analyzed using VOSviewer, then a review is carried out by the co-occurrence and co-author. Results: A search for publications on the topic of the psychosocial impact of early marriage resulted in 200,648 articles. Next, screening was carried out using predetermined criteria and the results obtained were 13,330 articles. The highest publication was in 2021, while the lowest was in 2023. These trends and topics are early pregnancy, early sexual debut, marital conflict, the impact of early marriage, dissatisfaction with sexual relations, psychological distress. The majority of researchers are in Africa, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Nepal, South Asia and Uganda. Conclusions: The topic of psychosocial problems in early marriage must be developed further in various countries, especially Africa and Bangladesh.
... Those negative turns include loss of security, family, relationships and social support as described above. Additionally, poverty (Ibáñez & Moya, 2010), housing shortages, skewed sex ratios (Khlat et al., 1997), and postponement of marriage (Blanc, 2004;Sánchez-Barricarte, 2018;Torrisi, 2020a) may shift women's preferences away from childbearing. ...
Limited attention has been paid so far to the impacts of war on proximate determinants of fertility, including childbearing preferences. This study explores the relationship between exposure to local conflict violence and fertility desires in Colombia. I combined nationally representative micro-level data from the Demographic and Health Surveys on the timing, frequency and decisiveness of reproductive preferences, with geospatial information about local violence from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program from 2000 to 2016. The results show a remarkable stability in women's childbearing desires in relation to conflict during the observation period, robust to multiple re-specifications of the study sample, statistical model and conflict measurements. The study indicates that previously reported increases to fertility behavior cannot be explained by altered preferences, suggesting a surge in unwanted pregnancies. This highlights the need for policy programs to support women in realizing their fertility preferences, whatever they may be.
This article focuses on the link between past exposure to violence and a critical public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa: HIV-positive status in women of reproductive age. Specifically, we use biosocial data from the Rwandan Demographic and Health Survey (2005‒2014) to assess how the timing and intensity of women's exposure to the war and genocide in Rwanda (1990‒1994) may be associated with their HIV status. We find significant differences in risk across age cohorts, with the late adolescence cohort (women born in 1970‒1974, who were aged 16‒20 at the start of the conflict) having the highest risk of being HIV positive 10‒20 years after the violence, even after controlling for current socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Women who reported two or more sibling deaths, excluding those related to maternal mortality, during the conflict years also had higher odds of being HIV positive, net of cohort and control variables. Age at first sexual intercourse and number of lifetime sexual partners partially-but not fully-explain the associations between cohort and sibling deaths and HIV. These findings advance research related to armed conflict and population health and indicate that experiencing conflict during key stages of the life course and at higher intensity may affect women's long-term sexual health.
