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Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization especially near water resources, heavy metal pollution in both water and inland environments have been studied all around the world. In this study, some selected heavy metals (Al, Sr, Cd, Co, Ni and, Pb) and fish species (Mullus barbatus, Solea solea, and Siganus rivulatus) from three Bays (İskenderun...
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... samples were taken from local fishermen in the İskenderun, Mersin, and Antalya Bay, in April 2016. These three consecutive bays are located in the Northern East coast of the Mediterranean Sea ( Figure 1). All bays have intensive marine traffic, tourism activities and shelf regions are surrounded by domestic areas. ...
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Concentrations of heavy metals such as copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) were measured in the liver and muscletissues of marbled spinefoot Siganus rivulatus collected from three main landing areas along the Syrian coast.Muscle tissues always accumulate the lowest concentrations of all metals. In most studied fish, the liver is thetarget organ for Cu and Pb...
Citations
... Numerous studies have been conducted on metal pollution in various marine organisms in Turkish waters (Topçuoğlu et al. 2004(Topçuoğlu et al. , 2010Kayhan et al. 2007Kayhan et al. , 2016Türkmen 2011;Balkıs et al. 2012Balkıs et al. , 2013Erdem et al. 2015;Mülayim and Balkıs 2015;Özden and Tunçer 2015;Güner et al. 2016;Korkmaz et al. 2017;Durmus et al. 2018;Bat et al. 2019Bat et al. , 2023Duyar and Bilgin 2019;Türksönmez and Diler 2019;Yağcı 2019;Bayrakli 2021;Erguden et al. 2021;Kılıç et al. 2021;Köker et al. 2021;Yildirim et al. 2022;Acarlı et al. 2023;Koçbaş et al. 2023). In marine pollution monitoring studies, certain indicator organisms are used to search longterm pollution. ...
... mg kg −1 ), Cd (< 0.0004 mg kg −1 ), Pb (0.03-0.99 mg kg −1 ). In the study by Kılıç et al. (2021) conducted in the İskenderun, Mersin, and Antalya Gulfs on S. solea, the wet weight metal results were found as follows: Cd values ranged from 0.004 to 0.01 µg g, Co values ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 µg g, Ni values ranged from 0.04 to 0.05 µg g, and Pb values ranged from 0.08 to 0.10 µg g. In the present study on S. solea, the metal values were detected as follows: The lowest Cu value was 2.98 µg g −1 dw at the Şarköy station, and the highest was 40.91 µg g −1 dw at the Tekirdağ station. ...
The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation of elements (Se, As, Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Al, Fe, Co and V) in some marine organisms [Eriphia verrucosa (Forskål, 1775), Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758), Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819, and Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, 1753] collected from the northern Sea of Marmara (Büyükçekmece, Silivri, Tekirdağ, and Şarköy) in 2019. For this purpose, element accumulation was measured using ICP-MS (Inductively Couple Plasma-Mass Spectrometer). The lowest and highest element concentrations in marine organisms are Fe (0.00 –7499.78 µg g⁻¹ dw); Pb (0.00–31.12 µg g⁻¹ dw); Cd (0.00–9.93 µg g⁻¹ dw); Cu (2.98–775.63 µg g⁻¹ dw); Cr (0.24–26.19 µg g⁻¹ dw); Mn (1.53–427.60 µg g⁻¹ dw); Al (0.00– 13,788.4 µg g⁻¹ dw); Ni (0.00–56.26 µg g⁻¹ dw); Hg (0.03–3.37 µg g⁻¹ dw); Zn (0.00–1554.23 µg g⁻¹ dw); As (0.00– 1.84 µg g⁻¹ dw); Se (0.00–0.04 µg g⁻¹ dw); V (0.13–72.54 µg g⁻¹ dw); and Co (0.00–10.98 µg g⁻¹ dw), respectively. According to these element values, Pb, Cd and Hg values were found to be higher in mussels than in crabs and exceeded the limits of the Turkish Food Codex. This study shows that more caution should be exercised when consuming marine organisms that exceed the limits of the Turkish Food Codex.
... The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) has emerged as a valuable tool in recent years for assessing potential health risks associated with individual heavy metals (Can et al., 2020;Kosker, 2020;Kılıç et al., 2021). A THQ value equal to or exceeding 1.0 indicates a significant health risk for individuals due to the intake of specific metals through consumption (Yi et al., 2011). ...
Metals in the marine environment threaten aquatic animals and their upper trophic level predators, as they not only jeopardize their well-being but accumulate in their tissues, posing potential health risks. The present study focused on sampling Eledone moschata, Octopus vulgaris, and Illex coindetii from the Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean Seas. The study aimed to assess the accumulation levels of aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the mantle, gill, and hepatopancreas tissues. Significant variations in metal accumulation levels were observed depending on the sampled station and tissues. Iron, copper, and zinc exhibited the highest concentrations in the tissues, whereas nickel and cadmium showed the lowest concentrations. The mantle exhibited the lowest metal concentration, whereas the hepatopancreas showed the highest concentration among the studied tissues. Furthermore, a health risk analysis was conducted using the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and lifetime cancer risk (CR) assessments. The analysis results indicated no significant health risk associated with the consumption of the studied species from the Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.
... mg kg − 1 dw (Türkmen et al., 2008), 0.94-1.22 μg g − 1 ww (Yilmaz, 2003), 87.6-124 mg kg − 1 dw (Iamiceli et al., 2015) and 0.01 -0.05 μg g − 1 ww (Kılıç et al., 2021). ...
... The lead concentrations in muscle tissues of fishes from the Mediterranean Sea were found to be 0.003 -0.006 mg kg − 1 ww (Marengo et al., 2018), 0.09 -6.95 mg kg − 1 ww (Türkmen et al., 2005), 0.02 -0.37 mg kg − 1 dw (Türkmen et al., 2008), < 0.0003 -0.06 mg kg − 1 ww (Korkmaz, Ay, Ersoysal et al., 2019), 1.03 -7.45 mg kg − 1 ww (Yilmaz, 2003), 0 -0.18 mg kg − 1 ww (Ramon et al., 2021) and 0.06 -0.24 μg g − 1 ww (Kılıç et al., 2021). ...
It was aimed to determine the concentrations of several heavy metals in muscle tissues of 18 wild and 2 farmed fish species obtained from 6 stations and 3 different fish farms, which were between Hatay and Antalya provinces in the Northeast Mediterranean. The metal analysis of tissue samples was conducted using the Inductively-coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Given all the tissue samples, the mean metal concentrations were found to be as follows; Li: <0.001 - 0.15 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Al: <0.0006 - 2.54 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Cr: <0.001 - 0.49 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Mn: <0.0002 - 1.05 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Fe: <0.001 - 0.02 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Cu: <0.006 – 1.30 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Zn: 1.76 - 15.4 mg kg⁻¹ ww, As: 0.52 - 35.1 mg kg⁻¹ ww, Sn: <0.0004 - 2.04 mg kg⁻¹ ww. Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb were found to be lower than the detectable limits in all tissue samples. For human consumption estimated weekly intakes (EWI), target hazard quotients (THQ), and cancer risk (CR) levels of the metals were determined in muscle tissues of the wild and farmed fish species. The mean EWI, THQ, and CR levels for As were found 34.82, 3.97E+00 ± 4.84E+00 and 1.06-03 ± 1.30E-03 for wild species while these values for farmed species were as follows; 2.46, 2.80E-01 ± 1.18E-01 and 7.49E-05 ± 3.15E-05 respectively. When compared to the wild species, metal levels were found to be very lower in farmed fishes and consuming these fishes was determined not to cause any health problems. For the wild samples, however, inorganic As concentrations were found to be risky from carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic aspects. Moreover, the mean metal concentrations in muscle tissues of fishes obtained from the Northeast Mediterranean were compared to the national/international codex limits and it was found that all the metal concentrations in tissue samples were lower than the upper limits set by Turkish Food Codex (TFC), European Union (EU), and World Health Organization (WHO).
... There are several studies evaluating the metal accumulation levels in marine sh from Turkish coastal regions [4,[11][12][13]]. Yet, this study is, as far as we know, the rst study designed to assess metal toxicity in marine sh (Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758, Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) and Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)) using stress biomarkers (MDA and CAT). ...
... The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) is a recently employed tool for the assessment of potential health risks of individual heavy metals [13,18,19]. The THQ ≥ 1.0 refers that people may experience signi cant health risks from the intake of individual metals through sh consumption [20].To determine the health risk of consumption of the studied species, THQ was calculated in accordance with the below formula [21]. ...
... Previous studies conducted in coastal waters of Turkey was also reported safe consumption [4,11,13,51,[76][77]. On the other hand, Pazi et al. [78] reported that consumption of M. barbatus, P. erythrinus could be dangerous to human health due to high Hg content in Aliaga Bay; whereas, they were safe to be consumed from İzmir Bay. ...
Marine environments are suffered from several types of pollution. Marine organisms take pollutants into their bodies which result in heavy metal accumulation in their tissues. Therefore, consumption of marine organisms may pose a risk to human health. This study was undertaken to estimate metal accumulation and metal toxicity responses of M. barbatus, B.boops, T. trachurus from Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea. Also, since these species were commonly consumped by Turkish people, health risk assessment employing The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and lifetime cancer risk (CR) was conducted. For that purpose, aluminum (Al), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in the muscle, gill and liver. To test the impact of metal toxicity on studies species, oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase-CA, Malondialdehyde-MDA) in muscle and liver were investigated. Metal accumulation levels showed differences depending on tissues, species and/or bays. Also, strong correlation was observed between biostress parameters and metal accumulation levels. Both, THQ and CR calculations showed safe consumption depending on the consumption of M. barbatus, B.boops, T. trachurus at all stations. Results obtained in this study showed that biostress parameters could be effectively used to monitor environmental pollution and contribute to the knowledge of metal toxicity along Turkish coast.
Metal analyses were carried out in red mullet and whiting, which are the most important commercial and bottom fish used as biomonitoring in the Southern Black Sea, and the results of health risk analyses for consumers were given comparatively.
The recovery of antioxidants and minerals as well as the content of contaminants of rainbow trout and sole side streams (head, skin and viscera) extracts obtained by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) were evaluated. Then, the effect of the gastrointestinal digestion was tested. No mycotoxins were detected in the extracts, while heavy metals contents (mg/kg) were up to 2.9 (As), 0.054 (Cd), 0.16 (Hg) and 0.073 (Pb), being below maximum legislated limits. A positive effect of PLE was found for the antioxidant capacity recovery, being the oxygen radical capacity of sole head and skin extracts significantly enhanced after digestion (∼3.8 times). PLE significantly increased Mg, Fe, Zn, Se and P (KPLE > 1) contents of rainbow trout side streams, Zn (KPLE5.97) and Fe (KPLE 2.80) of head sole and Mg, Se and P of all samples. Moreover, Mg, Ca and Fe bioaccessibility was lower in all sole extracts compared to rainbow trout.
Marine environments are suffered from several types of pollution. Marine organisms take pollutants into their bodies which result in heavy metal accumulation in their tissues. Therefore, consumption of marine organisms may pose a risk to human health. This study was undertaken to estimate metal accumulation and metal toxicity responses of M. barbatus, B.boops, T. trachurus from Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea. Also, since these species were commonly consumed by Turkish people, health risk assessment employing The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and lifetime cancer risk (CR) was conducted. For that purpose, aluminum (Al), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in the muscle, gill and liver. To test the impact of metal toxicity on studies species, oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase-CAT, Malondialdehyde-MDA) in muscle and liver were investigated. Metal accumulation levels showed differences depending on tissues, species and/or bays. Also, strong correlation was observed between biostress parameters and metal accumulation levels. Both, THQ and CR calculations showed safe consumption depending on the consumption of M. barbatus, B.boops, T. trachurus at all stations. Results obtained in this study showed that biostress parameters could be effectively used to monitor environmental pollution and contribute to the knowledge of metal toxicity along Turkish coast.
