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The aim of this study was to compare trace element profiles of Noccaea praecox (Wulfen) F. K. Mey. growing on ultramafic soils in different habitat types and to observe differences in uptake and translocation of trace elements. Physico-chemical characteristics of the soil and concentrations of P2O5, K2O, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Co i...
Citations
... Prior to analysis, the plant organs were carefully washed with distilled water and blotted dry. The soils associated with N. praecox and N. caerulescens at the sites of the collection were characterized in previous studies (Mišljenovi c et al., 2018). ...
... In N. praecox, Zn hyperaccumulation was found at sites highly enriched with Zn (Vogel-Mikuš et al., 2005), in contrast to the sample site on Mt. Maljen, where foliar concentrations of up to 7480 mg kg À1 were found on the soil with <100 mg kg À1 pseudo-total Zn (Mišljenovi c et al., 2018). Noccaea praecox attained Ni concentrations of up to 9600 mg kg À1 while growing in soils containing 1280 mg kg À1 Ni (Mišljenovi c et al., 2018). ...
... Maljen, where foliar concentrations of up to 7480 mg kg À1 were found on the soil with <100 mg kg À1 pseudo-total Zn (Mišljenovi c et al., 2018). Noccaea praecox attained Ni concentrations of up to 9600 mg kg À1 while growing in soils containing 1280 mg kg À1 Ni (Mišljenovi c et al., 2018). The highest Ni enrichment was found at the leaf margins of N. praecox (Figure 3a). ...
Noccaea praecox and Noccaea caerulescens (Brassicaceae) are nickel and zinc hyperaccumulators, native to Europe. To date, most studies have focused on metal accumulation in the leaves, whereas the distribution of metals in the inflorescences of hyperaccumulator plants remains largely unexplored, but of great interest in the context of adaptation to fertility and (insect) pollination. Samples of N. praecox from an ultramafic site and N. caerulescens from an industrially contaminated site were used for synchrotron‐based micro‐X‐ray fluorescence (μXRF) analysis. The results showed that nickel and zinc in the flowers of N . praecox are mainly distributed in the receptacle, ovary, and anthers, but at different concentrations. Similar results were found in N . caerulescens , with the greatest accumulation in the receptacle and ovary, especially in the walls, however at lower levels in the anthers. Although the leaves of N . praecox and N . caerulescens are the main deposition sites for nickel and zinc, significant concentrations of these elements were deposited in the flowers, especially in the pistils and anthers, indicating possible negative effects on fertility and pollinator species.
... Previous studies have examined the correlation between soil microelement stoichiometry balance and plant growth and have revealed that even plants growing in the same soil can accumulate varying amounts of nutrients and microelements (Guarino et al. 2019;Mišljenović et al. 2018;Neugebauer et al. 2018). To investigate nutrient balance in soil-plant ecological systems, researchers have typically focused on representative tissues, such as foliage and absorptive roots (McCormack et al. 2015). ...
Purpose
Understanding the accumulation rule of nutrients is crucial to promote the production of Camellia oleifera. The stoichiometry of soil macro and microelements is more critical than their content in affecting the growth and yield of plants. However, research on C. oleifera in these aspects is limited.
Materials and methods
In this study, we examined microelement content in soil and various parts of the C. oleifera plant and analyzed the relationship between the bioaccumulation, distribution, and production of plant macro and microelements with the stoichiometry of soil macro and microelements.
Results and discussion
Our findings indicated that high-yield plants transported more Ca, Mg, and B to the shoot, while low-yield plants stored higher Fe, Zn, and Al in the root. The significantly lower bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor of B and Mg in the high-yield plants highlighted the importance of nutrient storage in promoting C. oleifera yield. Multiple regression analysis and the Mantel test demonstrated that plant yield and bioaccumulation and transportation of macro and microelements were more closely correlated with the stoichiometry of macro and microelements than their content. The significantly different stoichiometry of macro and microelements in soil of different yields revealed that the stoichiometry of macro and microelements was more sensitive and reliable in reflecting the balance in soil nutrients of C. oleifera and regulating its growth.
Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the balance in soil macro and microelements and their relationship with the growth of C. oleifera and highlights the critical role of the stoichiometry of soil macro and microelements in promoting high and stable production of C. oleifera.
... In general, the orchid-soil system has been less studied when soils of different geological substrates are involved. It has already been recognized that different geological substrates or even small-scale edaphic variations within the same geological substrate could be a significant factor for differences in the uptake and translocation of trace elements by plants Mišljenović et al. 2018), eventually leading to the formation of different edaphic ecotypes. Recent studies by Mikavica et al. (2020) have shown that the uptake of Cd, Pb, and As by Anacamptis morio on soils of different geological substrates is directly proportional to their content in the soil and depends on the bedrock type. ...
The mobility of chemical elements in the soil-orchid system has been poorly studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the uptake and mobility of several trace (Li, Ba, Sr, Ag, Hg, and B) and macronutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) in the orchid Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase from soils in western Serbia. The sampling sites are characterized by three different bedrock types—cherts, limestones, and serpentines, which are the source of the significant chemical differences in the elemental status of the soil and plant tissues. The four-step Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the distribution of fractions and predict their potential phytoavailability. The orchid and soil samples were analyzed for total elemental content analysis using ICP-OES. The greatest potential for plant availability was determined for Ba and Sr, representing about 80% of the total soil content. More than 40% of Li in the soils was found to be potentially phytoavailable. Significant correlations were found between the total content of Li, B, and Sr in soils. Between 38 and 60% of Li content and more than 80% of Ba and Sr content were determined to be potentially phytoavailable by sequential analysis. The highest bioconcentration factor (> 1) was determined in the case of B and Sr for all orchid organs, while translocation factor for Li was highest in tubers and leaves. The studied elements were mainly stored in tubers and roots, indicating the exclusion strategy of A. morio as a metal tolerance mechanism. The data obtained showed significant differences in metal content in soils and plants originating from sites with different parent materials, suggesting that bedrock type and associated soil properties are important factors that determine chemical element mobility and uptake.
... Smolikas sample (116 mg kg −1 ) is far below the value characteristic for this substrate type (634-125000 mg kg −1 ; Shanker et al. 2005). Such unusually low concentrations of Ni and Cr for ultramafic soils are most likely a consequence of the characteristics of the parent material, primarily the degree of serpentinization, but also soil moisture, content of OM, etc. (Mišljenović et al. 2018;Echevarria 2021). Compared to the other elements, the availability of Ni and Cr in the soil samples analyzed here is relatively low. ...
The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soil samples and plant tissues of Minuartia recurva and M. bulgarica, predominantly or exclusively calcifuge species. Biological concentration (BCs) and translocation factors (TFs) were used to evaluate their accumulation potential. Considerable differences were observed between M. recurva and M. bulgarica assessions in terms of accumulation strategies of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). In M. recurva, most of the elements analyzed (Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Co) were transported to the shoot, whereas in M. bulgarica, these elements remained predominantly in the roots. The Cu concentrations in the shoot samples of M. recurva from an abandoned iron-copper mine at Mt. Kopaonik were clearly above the notional hyperaccumulation threshold, characterizing this species as a possible Cu hyperaccumulator. Additionally, strong accumulation potential for Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Cd was observed in M. recurva assessions, but without significant accumulation due to the low concentrations of these elements in the soils. The strong accumulation capacity and the different strategies in tolerance to PTEs indicate a potential of the two species for an application in phytoremediation: M. recurva for phytoextraction and M. bulgarica for phytostabilization.
... The mean soil pH (8.2) is in accordance with the 6.1-8.8 range reported in the literature for ultramafic soils (Brooks, 1987;Osmani et al., 2018;Stamenković et al., 2017;Kruckeberg, 1992). Organic matter % values ranging from 6.15-19% have been published (Mišljenović et al., 2018), but values here were relatively low (1.4-2%) and in the range 0.7-17.9% reported by Tumi et al. (2012). ...
... The exchangeable Ni concentrations fall in the ranges reported for other ultramafic soils of Japan and elsewhere in Iran (Mizuno and Kirihata, 2015;Mizuno et al., 2009). The total Mn concentrations differ from the reported range of 411-550 mg kg − 1 for ultramafic soil (Kabata-Pendias, 2011) but were within the ranges reported for similar soils from Serbia, Japan, Albania, and Iran (Mišljenović et al., 2018;Mizuno et al., 2009;Bani et al., 2015;. Total Cr concentration in ultramafic soils generally fall in the range of 170-3400 mg kg − 1 , but some even exceed 100,000 mg kg − 1 (Kabata-Pendias, 2011). ...
... The total Mg concentrations are higher and lower than those reported for ultramafic soils on Mt. Maljen in Western Serbia and elsewhere in Western Iran, respectively (Mišljenović et al., 2018;. The low concentrations of Ca in ultramafic soils is one of the main stresses of the 'serpentine syndrome' and the high concentrations of Mg further compound the problem by reducing the availability of Ca (Vlamis and Jenny, 1948). ...
The Ni hyperaccumulator Odontarrhena penjwinensis (Brassicaceae) is a species endemic to the ultramafic soils of Western Iran. Seven ultramafic outcrops and the populations of O. penjwinensis they support were investigated for Ni and other elemental concentrations to assess their potential for future Ni agromining operations. Nickel hyperaccumulation was confirmed in at least one individual plant sampled from all seven populations. The highest and lowest concentrations of Ni in leaves were recorded for two sites (3265 and 660 mg kg⁻¹, respectively). The highest concentrations of Mn, Cr, and Co were 3108, 79, and 193 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. A positive relationship was found between the concentrations of Ni and Fe, and Mg and Ca in roots and shoots. Correlation analysis of edaphic factors also revealed positive correlations between Ni concentration in the shoots, water-holding capacity, and soil pH, whereas it was negatively correlated for soil organic matter. The highest Ni yield (c. 0.4 g per plant), biomass (115 g per plant) and maximum plant height (43 cm) were recorded for one population where the total soil Ni concentration was 2549 mg kg⁻¹. This O. penjwinensis population is likely to be a promising candidate for the development of Ni agromining in the region.
... For example, a median Ni concentration from 7 ultramafic sites in Serbia was reported as 1.330 g kg -1 [44]. Even at small geographical scales, microedaphic factors can lead to significant differences in soil Ni concentrations and strongly influence the degree of Ni accumulation in some hyperaccumulating species [45]. Organic matter contents as well as the contents of macronutrients such as N, P, K, also greatly vary between the sites [43,44,46]. ...
Phytomining is a new promising technique that is based on using
hyperaccumulating plants which biomass is utilized as a bio-ore for metal
extraction. The Ni-hyperaccumulating species Odontarrhena muralis is widely
distributed on ultramafic soils in Serbia, and could be a promising
candidate for Ni agromining. In the present study, efficiency of a
hydrometallurgical process for Ni recovery using biomass of O. muralis wild
population through the synthesis of Ni salts from plant ash in the form of
ammonium nickel sulfate hexahydrate, Ni(NH4)2(SO4)2 6H2O – (ANSH) was
assessed. The average Ni content in the plant from ultramafic sites in West
Serbia was up to 3.300 g kg-1. The mass yield of ANSH crystals from the
crude ash was ~12 % with the average purity of 73 % were obtained. By
optimizing the purification process before precipitation of ANSH crystals,
it is possible to obtain salt crystals of higher purity, which increases the
economic profitability of this process. The results of this preliminary
study on wild population of O. muralis show the increased potential for
implementation of phytomining practices as an alternative way of Ni
extraction on ultramafic sites in Serbia.
... and N. kovatsii (Heuff.) F.K.Mey, these species could not be considered suitable candidates for the phytoextraction of these elements due to their low biomass (Mišljenović et al. 2018. The same applies to Potentilla griffithii Hook.f., a newly discovered Zn hyperaccumulator which grows in the Pb/Zn mine at Yunan Province in SW China with as much as 193,000 mg kg À1 of Zn, without showing any serious toxicity symptoms (Qiu et al. 2006). ...
Mining activities are considered to be one of the main sources of environmental pollution, and lead to the production of vast amounts of waste materials. Mining leads to soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, and pollution of soil, water, and air. The disposal of mine waste is a global problem, and its composition depends on ore characteristics. In addition to high concentrations of metal/metalloids, mine tailings and spoils of abandoned mines are characterized by unfavorable physicochemical characteristics, such as extremely low or high pH, low nutrient status, and water retention capacity. Various remediation technologies could be applied to improve the environmental characteristics of mine waste disposal sites, reduce the amount of pollutants, and prevent their mobilization to the surrounding soil and waterbodies. One of the most cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technologies is phytoremediation, with phytostabilization, phytovolatization, phytofiltration, and phytoextraction as main techniques. An overview of the past experiences is discussed together with future trends in phytoremediation.
... The highest concentrations of K and P were also determined in the harzburgite soil sample from Mt. Kopaonik, Treska (SP1), but still in the range of values characteristic of ultramafic soils (below 100 and 10 mg kg −1 for K and P, respectively; Brooks 1987). At the same time, they were lower than the values obtained at several other ultramafic sites in the Balkan Peninsula (Đurović et al. 2016;Mišljenović et al. 2018;Tomović et al. 2018). ...
Plantago subulata is a facultative serpentinophyte, with predominantly ultramafic distribution in Serbia and Montenegro. The plant samples were collected from ultramafic and non-ultramafic substrate, including two abandoned mining sites, with the aim to assess the accumulation potential of this species. The samples were collected from 10 sites in Serbia and Montenegro and element concentrations in plants and soils were determined. Particularly high concentrations of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cd were found in the soil and plant samples from an abandoned iron mining site, Mt. Kopaonik, Suvo Rudište. The concentrations of Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, and Cd were statistically different between soil and plant samples from ultramafic and non-ultramafic bedrock. Considering the fact that concentrations of Zn, Ni, and Cr in roots and shoots were positively correlated with their respective contents in the soil, i.e., the chemical composition of the plant and soil samples reflected the characteristics of the substrate, and for most of the elements analyzed, P. subulata acted as indicator species. For Cd and Pb, only the root concentrations were positively correlated with soil content, indicating exclusion and root sequestration as the main tolerance strategies for these elements. Although below the hyperaccumulation threshold, a strong accumulation capacity of P. subulata was found for Ni and Cu.
... The highest concentrations of iron and manganese were detected in the soil samples from the ultramafic localities, due to strong influence of mineralogy of parent material, with significant correlation observed between their total and available concentrations (Online Resource 2; Fig. 2). Total and available concentrations of Fe in ultramafic sites were quite variable, but they in general fit into the range of Fe values obtained for the ultramafic soils from Bosnia and Herzegovina (Matko Stamenković et al. 2017), North Macedonia and Serbia (Jakovljević et al. 2015;Mišljenović et al. 2018). The highest concentrations of total Fe and both total and available Mn were detected in the sample from Mt. Maljen (SP11), while the particularly significant availability were observed it the sample from Mt. Konjuh, mainly due to the combination of high concentration of organic matter and low pH value (Rieuwerts et al. 1998). ...
... However, in V. kopaonikensis from this locality (SP3) this trend was not observed. This is probably due to differences in percentage of organic matter, which emphases the importance of micro edaphic factor's influence (Mišljenović et al. 2018). The noticeable availability of Pb was detected in several other analyzed samples. ...
The aim of the present study was to assess the metal concentrations in five species of the genus Viola L. (section Melanium) from 12 ultramafic outcrops and two non-ultramafic (prolluvium and dolomite) soils from Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The concentrations of P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd and Pb in soils and plant samples, as well as their shoot-to-root ratio, biological concentration and accumulation factors were determined. Five investigated Viola species growing on 14 different localities displayed considerable differences in concentration of potentially toxic elements in their roots and its accumulation in their shoots. Viola kopaonikensis and V. beckiana from ultramafic soils could be classified as strong Ni accumulators, since moderately high level of Ni was measured in their shoots (up to 266 mg kg−1 and 337 mg kg−1, respectively), while in V. tricolor high amount of the same element was accumulated in the roots (up to 395 mg kg−1). Population of V. beckiana from dolomitic site in Bosnia and Herzegovina accumulated high concentrations of Pb in the shoots (67.1 mg kg−1), as well as of Cd in both roots and shoots (81.1 mg kg−1 and 60.5 mg kg−1). The results also suggest that V. kopaonikensis populations from the ultramafic soils of Serbia emerge as Cr accumulators, which is quite rare trait within the genus Viola. It seems that species from Melanium section apply quite different strategies against toxic elements. Future studies should strive to explain what adaptive mechanisms are hidden behind it.
... For example, a median Ni concentration from 7 ultramafic sites in Serbia was reported as 1.330 g kg -1 [44]. Even at small geographical scales, microedaphic factors can lead to significant differences in soil Ni concentrations and strongly influence the degree of Ni accumulation in some hyperaccumulating species [45]. Organic matter contents as well as the contents of macronutrients such as N, P, K, also greatly vary between the sites [43,44,46]. ...
