Fig 2 - uploaded by Jason Philip Downs
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Map of Pennsylvania (top) with shaded Tioga and Lycoming counties and geological map of southeastern Tioga and northeastern Lycoming counties (bottom) showing the positions of the localities from which we recovered the sample of Langlieria radiatus. All three localities are in the Catskill Formation.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... highway construction along US Route 15/ Interstate 99 in north-central Pennsylvania included significant excavation of the Catskill Formation between the towns of Blossburg and Covington in Tioga County. We have recovered new material representing H. ? radiatus from a locality near Covington (N41˚43.606', W77˚04.596'; Fig. 2). This site is in close proximity, both geographically and stratigraphically, to the source of the H. ? radiatus type material collected by James Hall in 1840 and described by Newberry (1889;See Davis et al., 2004, for a discussion of Hall's collecting along the railroad line between Blossburg and Covington). Additional construction ...
Context 2
... discussion of Hall's collecting along the railroad line between Blossburg and Covington). Additional construction projects along US Route 15/Interstate 99 at Powys Curve (N41˚20.840', W77˚05.614') in Lycoming County, and Tioga (N41˚54.026', W77˚07.542') in Tioga County, have also produced informative material that can be assigned to H. ? radiatus (Fig. 2). The Catskill Formation sediments are similar across all three sites, with laterally-variable, red to green-gray sandstones and red siltstones with features such as crossbedding, scour marks, and some paleosols. These features suggest environments of deposition within fluvial systems on the alluvial or delta plain of the Catskill Delta ...
Context 3
... Formation. It is a meshwork of ridges that surround shallow pits, each of which has a small opening at its base. In H. lindae, the analogous openings are shown to communicate with a series of branching sensory tubules that occupy a common plane inside the dermal skeletal elements including supratemporal and tabular (Daeschler and Downs, 2018: fig. ...
Context 4
... approaches the maximum reported value for the group, observed in Hyneria lindae (~55% in ANSP 20935C). The caudolateral margin of the vomer bears a distinct protruding corner that is shown, in other species, to be the caudal end of the vomer's contact with the entopterygoid. This same corner is observed in L. socqueti (Clement et al., 2009:text- fig. 2), Edenopteron keithcrooki ( Young et al., 2013: fig. 4), H. lindae (Daeschler and Downs, 2018: fig. 6) and Platycephalichthys bischoffi (Vorobyeva, 1962:Plate 9, figs. ...
Context 5
... corner that is shown, in other species, to be the caudal end of the vomer's contact with the entopterygoid. This same corner is observed in L. socqueti (Clement et al., 2009:text- fig. 2), Edenopteron keithcrooki ( Young et al., 2013: fig. 4), H. lindae (Daeschler and Downs, 2018: fig. 6) and Platycephalichthys bischoffi (Vorobyeva, 1962:Plate 9, figs. ...
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Citations
... The Canton, Tioga, and Mill Creek ischnacanthid specimens were recovered from strata deposited in environments ranging from transitional marine -fluvial to exclusively fluvial. Faunal assemblages at Tioga and Canton include Lingula brachiopods, Archanodon bivalves, "placoderms" (Bothriolepis, Phyllolepis, pachyosteomorph arthrodires), a gyracanthid "acanthodian," sarcopterygians (dipnoans, Holoptychius, Langlieria) and paleonsicid actinopterygians (Daeschler et al., 2019). The occurrence of Lingula brachiopods and large isolated plates of pachyosteomorph arthrodire "placoderms" (cf. ...
... The tristichopterids of the Catskill Formation are all largebodied predators in highly nested phylogenetic positions within clade Tristichopteridae (Downs & Daeschler, 2022). Geographic separation among the known species has supported the suggestion that tristichopterids fulfilled the niche of top predator in freshwater systems of the Catskill deltaic complex (Daeschler et al., 2019). Undescribed tristichopterid fossils from the Cogan House Exit Ramp site may challenge this hypothesis, at least in that location, if they are discovered to represent a second tristichopterid taxon from the locality. ...
... Both other species of the group, Langlieria radiatus and Langlieria smalingi, have a scale ornament of incised grooves. Unlike those observed on the scales of the new taxon, the incised grooves on these Langlieria scales are tightly spaced with the smooth spaces among grooves no wider than the grooves themselves (Daeschler et al., 2019: fig. 11 Daeschler & Cressler, 2011:p. ...
... 59). The ornament is also similar to the Catskill Formation tristichopterid L. smalingi ("fine pattern of conjoined tubercles and anastomosing ridges," Downs & Daeschler, 2022: p. 245) but markedly different from the penetrating pits that comprise the dermatocranial ornament of H. lindae and L. radiatus (Daeschler et al., 2019). ...
... radiatus, based on scale morphology alone. Recent collecting of additional material bearing these scales at the Covington, Tioga, and Powys Curve localities (Fig. 1B) supported reassignment of the species to the tristichopterid grouping Langlieria, yielding new combination Langlieria radiatus (Newberry 1889) as described in Daeschler et al. (2019). In 1952, S. R. Ebright collected fossils representing a second Catskill Formation tristichopterid, this one from rock exposures along Route 120 between North Bend and Hyner in Clinton County, Pennsylvania. ...
... The new species is the first tristichopterid recovered from the Irish Valley Member (Frasnian; Berg et al., 1983) of the Catskill Formation and so it becomes the earliest described tristichopterid from the formation and the earliest known record of the grouping Langlieria. Langlieria is a taxon of otherwise Famennian tristichopterid tetrapodomorphs that includes three species: the type species Langlieria socqueti from Belgium , and L. radiatus (Daeschler et al., 2019) and the new species described here, both from Pennsylvania. We provide a new species-level phylogenetic analysis of Tristichopteridae that both updates the character data used by Olive et al. (2020) and incorporates the recent discoveries in the Catskill Formation that have added to the known diversity of presumed tristichopterids: the new species of Langlieria described here and E. bourdoni (Downs et al., 2021). ...
... Remarks.-The condition of the maxilla-squamosal contact is unknown in Langlieria radiatus. That species is diagnosed by the combination of 1) small scales with a fan-shaped field of radiating grooves on the dermal surface that originate at different positions within the exposed surface of the scale and extend to the free margin, and 2) the presence of a posterior oblique pitline groove that extends to the caudal margin of the parietal (Daeschler et al., 2019). The dermal ornament of the scales in Langlieria smalingi generally conforms to the condition in L. radiatus (see fig. 11 in Daeschler et al., 2019:22), and the condition of the oblique pitline groove of the parietal is unknown in L. smalingi (as well as in Langlieria socqueti). ...
A new species of Langlieria is described from the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Irish Valley Member of the Catskill Formation. The type material was collected from a road cut exposure on the north side of the westbound lanes of Pennsylvania Route 322 west of Port Matilda, Centre County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. The new species of Langlieria, the second from the Catskill Formation, is represented by high quality cranial material including parietal and postparietal shields, cheek, principal gular, and lower jaw; fin material; and body scales. The new species is the fourth tristichopterid to be described from the Catskill Formation (after Hyneria lindae, Langlieria radiatus, and Eusthenodon bourdoni) and the first from the Irish Valley Member. It is also the first species of Langlieria with a known record in the Frasnian. Sedimentological and stratigraphic data suggest that the discovery site represents a distal, tide-dominated location within the Catskill Delta system with a greater marine influence than has been reconstructed for the previously described Catskill Formation tristichopterids. A new phylogenetic analysis of Tristichopteridae is presented that is the first to include the new species of Langlieria described here and E. bourdoni from the Cogan House Exit Ramp locality (Famennian, Duncannon Member) along U.S. Route 15/Interstate 99. The 50% majority-rule consensus tree from the analysis supports a highly-nested clade of tristichopterids that includes all of the considered species from the Famennian, with the exception of Heddleichthys dalgleisiensis, and additionally includes the Frasnian Langlieria species that is described here.
... Before the present work, the Catskill fauna included two species of Tristichopteridae, an extinct, cosmopolitan clade of finned osteolepiforms (Sarcopterygii) that has been proposed to be the sister group to Elpistostegalia (Ahlberg and Johanson, 1998). The two described tristichopterids from the Catskill Formation, Hyneria lindae Thomson 1968 and Langlieria radiatus (Newberry 1889), have both received substantial revisions Daeschler et al., 2019) as a result of recent collecting, fossil preparation, and analyses. In the recent revisions, the authors wrote of the potential for additional undescribed species of tristichopterid from the Catskill Formation outcrops along the U.S. Route 15/Interstate 99 corridor in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. ...
... In the recent revisions, the authors wrote of the potential for additional undescribed species of tristichopterid from the Catskill Formation outcrops along the U.S. Route 15/Interstate 99 corridor in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. Daeschler et al. (2019) tentatively assigned one of these to Eusthenodon sp. indet., using Clement's (2002) diagnosis of that grouping, and it is this taxon that is the focus of the present work. ...
... The tristichopterids of the Catskill Formation are large-bodied and in a highly nested phylogenetic position within the group. Geographic separation of the Catskill species has been used to suggest that tristichopterids occupy top predator status in Catskill Formation faunas (Daeschler et al., 2019). All material referred to H. lindae is from the Red Hill site in Clinton County, Pennsylvania (41°20.6619′N, ...
A new species of Eusthenodon from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Catskill Formation was collected from talus blocks at the base of a road cut along the Cogan House Exit Ramp on U.S. 15/Interstate 99 in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. The new species is represented by a nearly complete, articulated skull (ANSP 23748) and additional cranial bones, body scales, and pectoral girdle elements. The breadth of anatomy represented by the new fossils, and the quality of their preservation and preparation, enable a detailed anatomical description of a new species. The original diagnosis of Eusthenodon distinguished the taxon from Tristichopterus and Eusthenopteron, the only other described tristichopterids at the time. The descriptive qualities of the Eusthenodon wangsjoi type material do not diagnose Eusthenodon from among the highly nested tristichopterid taxa that have been discovered since the original publication. In an effort to strengthen the taxonomic status and phylogenetic utility of Eusthenodon, we propose a revised diagnosis that uses only discrete, commonly preserved features that are unlikely to be altered by deformation. The new species is the third described Catskill Formation tristichopterid along with Hyneria lindae and Langlieria radiatus. All three are large-bodied and in a highly nested phylogenetic position within the group. The presence of a single tristichopterid species at each site highlights temporal and spatial regionalization of the Catskill fauna and may, along with a suite of anatomical features, support the hypothesis that tristichopterids occupied the role of top predator in the freshwater ecosystems of the Catskill Delta complex.
... We report here on new tristichopterid material from the tetrapod-bearing locality of Strud. We also provide a new phylogenetic analysis that was prompted by recent improvements in our knowledge of tristichopterid diversity (Schultze and Reed, 2012;Swartz, 2012;Young et al., 2013Young et al., , 2019Borgen and Nakrem, 2016;Daeschler and Downs, 2018;Downs et al., 2018;Daeschler et al., 2019). We use our resulting cladogram as the basis for a study of the paleobiogeographic history of Tristichopteridae. ...
... Recently, L. radiatus and Eu. jenkinsi have been described from the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation (Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) and the Upper Devonian of Nunavut, Canada Daeschler et al., 2019), respectively. Whereas E. jenkinsi is included in the basal polytomy at the node 9, L. radiatus belongs to the highly nested tristichopterids (node 6). ...
We describe new material of the tristichopterids cf. Langlieria socqueti and cf. Eusthenodon wangsjoi and other unassignable tetrapodomorph remains from the upper Famennian locality of Strud, Belgium. Because of recent improvements in our tristichopterid knowledge, a new phylogenetic analysis is presented in addition to a paleobiogeographic analysis using the Bayesian binary Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) statistical method. The origin of the whole tristichopterid clade is reconstructed with a very likely western European origin. Much of the early tristichopterid history took place in Euramerica. During the Late Devonian, tristichopterids most probably spread from Euramerica into Gondwana. The highly nested tristichopterid clade formed by Cabonnichthys burnsi, Mandageria fairfaxi, E. wangsjoi, Edenopteron keithcrooki, and Hyneria lindae most likely differentiated in Australia. Then dispersal events occurred from Australia to Euramerica with Hyneria lindae (to eastern North America) and E. wangsjoi (to Greenland/western Europe). The latter dispersal events, during the Famennian, are in agreement with the Great Devonian Interchange, which predicts dispersal events between Gondwana and Euramerica at this time.
We describe the largest bony fish in the Late Devonian (late Famennian) fossil assemblage from Waterloo Farm near Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa. It is a giant member of the extinct clade Tristichopteridae (Sarcopterygii: Tetrapodomorpha) and most closely resembles Hyneria lindae from the late Famennian Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania, USA. Notwithstanding the overall similarity, it can be distinguished from H. lindae on a number of morphological points and is accordingly described as a new species, H. udlezinye sp. nov. The preserved material comprises most of the dermal skull, lower jaw, gill cover and shoulder girdle. The cranial endoskeleton appears to have been unossified and is not preserved, apart from a fragment of the hyoid arch adhering to a subopercular, but the postcranial endoskeleton is represented by an ulnare, some semi-articulated neural spines, and the basal plate of a median fin. The discovery of H. udlezinye shows that Hyneria is a cosmopolitan genus extending into the high latitudes of Gondwana, not a Euramerican endemic. It supports the contention that the derived clade of giant tristichopterids, which alongside Hyneria includes such genera as Eusthenodon, Edenopteron and Mandageria, originated in Gondwana.
