Table 1 - uploaded by Jon Altamirano
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Practical mapping methods employing GPS field surveys and manual image analyses with affordable software were used to assess
two mangrove sites in Aklan Province, NE Panay Island, central Philippines. The Jawili mangroves, absent from current maps,
actually included 21.5ha with 24 true mangrove species. On the other hand, the Batan Estuary mangrove...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... more surprising is the high diversity of true mangrove species found in this small area. The Philippines has about 40 true species of mangroves (Primavera 2000; Primavera et al. 2004) and the Jawili mangroves has 24 of these (Table 1) true mangroves (Duke 1992;Tomlinson 1986). The Jawili mangroves were mostly secondary growth of Avicennia marina, Sonneratia alba, and Aegiceras corniculatum lining the rivers and creeks. ...
Similar publications
Site fidelity is the tendency of individuals to return to the same area repeatedly or to remain in a certain area for an extended period of time. Site fidelity has been documented in a number of species, including Sotalia guianensis. The aim of this study was to describe and estimate the range size of S. guianensis individuals and to determine its...
Estuarine and bay beaches are complex areas exhibiting tridimensional topographic and sedimentary variations. Betahon beach (South Brittany, France) is an estuarine macrotidal beach that present an atypical intertidal area. This intermediate-type beach exhibit a low-tide terrace linked to a gravelly-sandy upper shore, and separated by a shore-paral...
Citations
... Few Philippine studies took advantage of this tool to advance mangrove research. The high acquisition cost of equipment, software, and expertise was the major constraint limiting GIS technology to well-financed institutions (Altamirano et al., 2010). It was suggested that a GIS-based tool leading to implications for mangrove conditions should be developed, given that data inconsistencies were commonly encountered in Southeast Asia (Adeel and Pomeroy, 2002). ...
The utility of Geographic Information System (GIS) has been adopted in mapping and predicting sites for mangrove suitability in Alabel, Sarangani Province, Province. Biodiversity assessment of coastal mangroves in Alabel, Sarangani Province, Philippines was performed in purposive manner using sampling quadrats. There were 13 observed mangrove species in sand-dominated (51.48%) soil. The sampled field data points are scattered irregularly, showing slight curvature on the east-west trendline but a flatter surface on the north-south trendline. The abundance and soil data were converted into shapefiles and subjected to inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation. The rasterized and reclassified thematic map layers were assigned with factor influence consisting of mangrove abundance (40%), land cover (30%), sand composition (20%), and slope (10%) for suitability analysis. The suitable mangrove areas were computed using weighted overlay suitability analysis, and the final score for the suitability index was converted into suitability classes. Prediction of mangrove suitable areas was performed under the ModelBuilder workflow tool in ArcMap. The mangrove suitability classes were extracted using a zonal geometry tool depicting three suitability classes. The predicted mangrove high suitability areas covered 463.37 km 2 , the low suitability areas covered 573.02 km 2 , and the unsuitable areas covered 9,403.77 km 2. The study utilized a combination of field gathering and available online data for GIS analysis which local government units could perform. The results could be used to plan and manage mangrove resources in the area effectively.
... This area has a seasonal climate, with a dry season extending from December to April, and a rainy season from June through October. More than 90 % of the mangrove in Batan Bay Estuary has been converted to aquaculture ponds through 2008 (Altamirano et al. 2010). However, several mangrove restoration stations were established by universities, the government (Department of Environment and Natural Resources), and local communities. ...
Monospecific Rhizophora spp. trees have been planted for several decades in the Philippines to offset heavy mangrove deforestation resulting mainly from aquaculture pond construction. The reforested mangrove studies are required for evaluating their ecological roles. We surveyed the forest structure, biomass, and net primary production (NPP) at an 18-year-old R. mucronata plantation site (PL) and a secondary natural mangrove site (NM) at Batan Bay Estuary, Philippines. The survey showed that PL had a>8,000 ha－1 tree density, 351.6 Mg ha－1 biomass, and 73.2 Mg ha－1 year－1 NPP, exceeding the values at NM (670 ha－1 tree density, 130.7 Mg ha－1 biomass, and 22.7 Mg ha－1 year－1 NPP). The low biomass quantity in NM was due to the residual effects of a typhoon in November 2013; however, the NPP showed a quick recovery which implies the disturbance-adapted characteristics of pioneer species such as Avicennia marina and Sonneratia alba. At PL, the biomass and NPP were large, though it has been known that monospecific Rhizophora spp. plantation has been vulnerable to the risk of stand destruction due to strong typhoons. We concluded that the A. marina and S. alba, which dominated as natural mangrove stand, are suitable for mangrove reforestation because it quick recovered even after the typhoon impacts.
... Profile of mangrove areas are well established in the municipal plans since several mangrove ecosystem assessments have already been done in Eastern Samar-Salcedo and Lawaan (i.e., Mendoza and Alura 2001; Salmo, De la Cruz, and Gianan 2019), and Aklan-Batan, and Kalibo (i.e., Primavera et al. 2004;Walton et al. 2006;Altamirano et al. 2010) that could provide data for the mangroves' location, abundance, distribution, and species present. Mangrove habitat assessments have increased in these provinces in response to the destruction brought by super typhoon Haiyan (i.e., Alura and Alura 2016;Long et al. 2016;Primavera et al. 2016). ...
The blue carbon ecosystems are gaining salience in the international arena due to their intrinsic role in climate change mitigation. Reviews on management strategies and plans at the local level are largely overlooked, although they are crucial factors in translating commitments to contextualized actions for sustainable management. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the present coastal management plans for blue carbon ecosystem management strategies using content analysis of the local plans of select municipalities in the Philippines. The analysis generated eight (8) clusters based on keywords focusing on mangrove and seagrass ecosystems, namely: ecological profile, ecosystem services, carbon sequestration, tourism, natural threats, anthropogenic threats, laws, policies, & ordinances, and management activities. The management activities cluster has the most coverage while the carbon sequestration cluster is the least mentioned. There is also a distinct gap in the inclusion of mangroves compared to seagrasses in the coastal management plans where these ecosystems are present in the localities concerned. Mangrove ecosystems are frequently mentioned, covering all clusters while seagrass ecosystems are discussed to less extent in only five (5) clusters. This study also showed that the “blue carbon” concept is not yet fully incorporated in the current management plans where carbon sequestration cluster is only discussed under mangrove ecosystems in one of the sites while no discussions for seagrasses’ “blue carbon” functions. The results of this study can serve as a benchmark for local policy-makers in updating their present management plans particularly in branching their focus on integrated management of seagrass ecosystems and advancing technical capacity and knowledge on blue carbon ecosystems.
... These can be utilized as vector and raster data inputs as which can be manipulated using geospatial techniques. It was utilized to detect mangrove cover changes influenced by typhoons (Buitre et al. 2019), mapping small patches of mangroves (Altamirano et al. 2010), and determining optimal locations for planting (Syahid et al. 2020). The geospatial analysis has been a valuable tool for mangrove rehabilitation and management (Omar et al. 2019). ...
A weighted suitability analysis was conducted in predicting suitable areas for mangrove rehabilitation in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. There were six thematic maps utilized in the study obtained from reliable agencies. The thematic map layers were projected in WGS 84 / zone 51N, rasterized, and reclassified. The weighted overlay technique was implemented using a precise score class ranging from 1-3. Weight influences were assigned to mangrove areas (30%), land cover (20%), rivers (15%), roads (15%), soil types (10%), and slope (10%). The entire workflow was made to run in the ModelBuilder feature of the ArcMap. A mangrove suitability map was generated for the entire study area in three suitability classes. The area covered by each suitability class was extracted using the zonal geometry tool of the spatial analyst extension. There were 10 out of 15 municipalities in the province detected with effective suitable areas. The predicted suitable areas had a total of 75,433.20 km2. The municipality of Mansalay gave the highest in low suitability (13,549.26 km2), Calapan City for mid suitability (15,321.13 km2), and Naujan (891.11 km2) for high suitability areas. Overall, Calapan City has the highest computed suitability areas with 19,847.28 km2 regardless of the categories. The generated data could be efficiently utilized in the effective planning and management of mangrove resources. It can be integrated with information on biodiversity assessments to draw a robust plan and execute significant actions. The study demonstrated the applicability of a geographic information system (GIS) framework as a decision support tool for potential mangrove rehabilitation initiatives.
... These grids were loaded in the handheld Garmin 62CSX, GPS for field investigation. Enumeration of mangrove species was carried out through a 150 m line transect technique [61] with a 50 m interval between each transect within the 1 km 2 grid during the dry season (January-May, 2019 and March-April, 2020). These line transects were laid orthogonal to the coast either ways (land to sea and sea to land). ...
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI’s) being situated in the Tropical zone is the cradle of multi-disasters viz., cyclones, floods, droughts, land degradation, runoff, soil erosion, shallow landslides, epidemics, earthquakes, volcanism, tsunami and storm surges. Mangroves are one of the first visible reciprocators above land and sea surface to cyclonic storms, storm surges, and tsunamis among the coastal wetlands. The Indian Ocean 2004 tsunami was denoted as one of the most catastrophic ever recorded in humankind’s recent history. A mega-earthquake of Magnitude (9.3) near Indonesia ruptured the Andaman-Sunda plate triggered this tsunami. Physical fury, subsidence, upliftment, and prolonged water logging resulted in the massive loss of mangrove vegetation. A decade and half years after the 2004 tsunami, a study was initiated to assess the secondary ecological succession of mangrove in Tsunami Created Wetlands (TCWs) of south Andaman using Landsat satellite data products. Since natural ecological succession is a rather slow process and demands isotope techniques to establish a sequence of events succession. However, secondary ecological succession occurs in a short frame of time after any catastrophic event like a tsunami exemplifying nature’s resilience. Band-5 (before tsunami, 2003) and Band-6 (after tsunami, 2018) of Landsat 7 and Landsat-8 satellite respectively were harnessed to delineate mangrove patches and TCWs in the focus area using ArcMap 10.5, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. From the study, it was understood that Fimbrisstylis littoralis is the pioneering key-stone plant followed by Acrostichum aureum and Acanthus ilicifolius facilitating Avicennia spp/Rhizopara spp for ecological succession in the TCWs.
... A field survey was carried out in 43 village locations between 2015 and 2016 using techniques described by Altamirano et al. (2010). A transect line of 150 m was perpendicularly laid from either side i.e. from seaward edge of mangrove toward land and vice-versa in equal numbers at minimum 50 m interval between adjacent transects. ...
... A field survey was carried out in 43 village locations between 2015 and 2016 using techniques described by Altamirano et al. (2010). A transect line of 150 m was perpendicularly laid from either side i.e. from seaward edge of mangrove toward land and vice-versa in equal numbers at minimum 50 m interval between adjacent transects. ...
Mangrove resilience and the scope for new venues of mangrove colonization in the Southern part of south Andaman were studied using satellite interpretation and ground truthing due to after the devastating 26th December 2004 tsunami. 1069.82 ha of Tsunami created wetlands were found in thirty five different villages. Fimbrisstylis littoralis, Acanthus ilicifolius, Acrostichum aureum, Rhizophora spp. and Avicennia spp. were observed in abundance in all the villages. However, Nypa fruticans and Pandanus tectorius were found in four villages alone. Eight venues were found as newly colonized mangrove. Rhizophora mucronata was existing in all the eight new venues whereas Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia spp. was absent in 3 venues. The present study will act as reference point information for future investigation. The results of the present study provides a huge insight and hope in restorative models for degraded mangrove systems.
... Spatial metrics can be estimated at three levels: patch, class, and landscape (McGarigal et al., 2002;Herold et al., 2005). A patch is the smallest spatial element in a landscape and is characterized by relatively homogenous conditions (e.g., an individual dwarf mangrove patch) (Herold et al., 2005;Altamirano et al., 2010;McGarigal et al., 2012). Class represents the different categories of patches (e.g., dwarf mangrove patches, tall mangrove patches, riverine mangrove patches, etc). ...
Mangroves are coastal ecosystems and a detailed characterization of their spatial metrics is important to understand the underlying processes of mangrove change and to inform future mangrove management. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the past (1940) and current (2014) spatial metrics of mangroves at high latitudes and (2) to assess the relationship between spatial metrics and land-based, climatic and oceanic factors in 2014. Mangroves were mapped into categories of tall and dwarf mangroves, as well as into delta, riverine and estuarine mangroves based on field surveys, satellite images and aerial photographs across 38 estuaries of varying size in the Auckland Region, New Zealand. Fragstats was applied to determine spatial metrics indices related to complexity, connectivity, and configuration of mangrove patches. While the number of mangrove patches remained stable, mangrove patch size increased significantly (75%) suggesting that the increase in total mangrove area in the Auckland Region is mainly driven by an increase in patch size. Tall mangroves became more fragmented, through both reduction in connectivity (Mean Proximity Index in 2014 = 214, decrease of 35%) and their shape becoming more irregular (Mean Shape Index in 2014 = 1.9, an increase of 24%). Catchment related factors (e.g., sediment accumulation rate) had a strong effect on the total mangrove area and number of patches. In contrast, mean patch size and patch connectivity were influenced by nitrogen concentration, mean wave height and tidal amplitude, which in combination explained up to 63% of the variability. These findings can be used to facilitate decision-making concerning the sustainable future management of mangroves.
... Kamthonkiat et al. (2011) also monitored damage and recovery in Thailand after the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 using Aster satellite images. Although they were able to obtain useful information from remote sensing data, high-resolution remote sensing data are very expensive (Altamirano et al. 2010;Hirata et al. 2010). Moreover, in order to analyze satellite images fully utilizing their multiple wavelengths, expensive softwares are required. ...
The recovery of land cover/use after the disaster is sometimes disorderly, especially in developing countries. It is necessary to continuously monitor the progress of land cover/use recovery after disaster in order to sustain vegetation around estuarine and coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to assess the recovery progress of vegetation around estuarine and coastal areas after the Indian Ocean tsunami using a simplified method which consisting Google Earth and visual photo interpretation. Vegetation areas were able to be detected with high accuracy (80%−100%) using simplified method which consisting Google Earth and visual photo interpretation. We were able to show that all most of area including mangrove forests recovered relatively smoothly. However, the area which has a large vegetation areas have not enough recovered, which reached to half or less than half compare with before tsunami. This may be significant in affecting the role of the coastal ecosystem and bioshield. A large number of small mangrove patches (less than 0.1 ha) were able to found around ponds, a number that rapidly increased after the tsunami. Some site in 2013 was double that in 2004. Fish farmers might have planted them for supplying nutrients to ponds and maintain the water quality. Dozen years have passed since the 2004 tsunami, and it might be time to more focus on the recovery of large vegetation area.
... Kamthonkiat et al. (2011) also monitored damage and recovery in Thailand after the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 using Aster satellite images. Although they were able to obtain useful information from remote sensing data, high-resolution remote sensing data are very expensive (Altamirano et al. 2010;Hirata et al. 2010). Moreover, in order to analyze satellite images fully utilizing their multiple wavelengths, expensive softwares are required. ...
