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Male terminalia of Bolitophila nikolae Ševčík sp. nov. (holotype): (A) ventral view, (B) posterior part of abdomen in dorsal view, (C) dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
Source publication
The following 17 extant new species of Sciaroidea (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) are described: Bolitophila nikolae Ševčík sp. nov. (Bolitophilidae, Taiwan), Catocha jingfui sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Catocha manmiaoe sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Catocha shengfengi sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Planetella taiwanensis sp. nov. (Cecidomyiid...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... mostly dark brown, tergites with pale thin apical bands. Terminalia (Figure 2) dark brown. Tergite 9 about twice as broad as long. ...
Context 2
... mostly dark brown, tergites with pale thin apical bands. Terminalia (Figure 2) dark brown. Tergite 9 about twice as broad as long. ...
Context 3
... setae, hyalinous sensilla on the apical part of the body three-branched (on more apical flagellomeres the hyalinous sensilla are bifurcate or even simple). Wings as in Figure 2A. Terminalia ( Figure 4A,B). ...
Context 4
... differ from the other mentioned species by having a pair of strong sclerites flanking the posterior part of the ejaculatory apodeme but they may have been unobserved in the description; in the description of C. subalpina Figure 23F in Reference [19]) there are signs of these sclerites. ...
Context 5
... are several undescribed species of Paratinia, similar to P. furcata sp. nov., known from various European countries (e.g., Figure 25B in Søli [36]), pending a detailed revision of this group, which is beyond the scope of this paper. In any case, a careful comparison of the male terminalia, together with DNA sequence data, is necessary to clarify the identity of all the species in this genus. ...
Citations
... At present, this genus consists of 13 described species around the world, distributed in the Oriental (6), Neotropical (4), Palearctic (2) and Nearctic (1) regions (Edwards 1931;Matile 1990;Sasakawa & Tamu 1961;Evenhuis 2006;Papp et al. 2006;Xu et al. 2007;Huerta & Fitzgerald 2020;Ševčík et al. 2021). Hitherto, there has been two species, i.e., Setostylus chinensis Cao, Evenhuis & Zhou, and S. fangshuoi Ševčík, Hippa & Burdíková, reported from China (Xu et al. 2007;Ševčík et al. 2021). ...
... At present, this genus consists of 13 described species around the world, distributed in the Oriental (6), Neotropical (4), Palearctic (2) and Nearctic (1) regions (Edwards 1931;Matile 1990;Sasakawa & Tamu 1961;Evenhuis 2006;Papp et al. 2006;Xu et al. 2007;Huerta & Fitzgerald 2020;Ševčík et al. 2021). Hitherto, there has been two species, i.e., Setostylus chinensis Cao, Evenhuis & Zhou, and S. fangshuoi Ševčík, Hippa & Burdíková, reported from China (Xu et al. 2007;Ševčík et al. 2021). ...
In this study, two new species of Setostylus (Diptera: Keroplatidae: Keroplatinae), S. tridigitus sp. n. and S. triumphus sp. n. are described, with a key to all the species of the genus. Male habitus and images of diagnostic morphological characteristics are provided. Status of these two new species is also supported by the genetic distances and neighbor-joining (NJ) tree in the DNA barcode analysis.
... gPGE systems that retain sex chromosomes and diploid expression of somatic autosomes are known from three lineages: flies in Sciaridae (19) and Cecidomyiidae (20) (fungus gnats and gall midges respectively, two families in the diverse dipteran superfamily Sciaroidea) and springtails in the order Symphypleona (21). Sciaridae and Cecidomyiidae represent a substantial fraction of worldwide biodiversity and are some of the most abundant species of flying insects found in tropical rainforests and in temperate ecosystems, with many new species in these groups continuing to be described (22)(23)(24). Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae, and Symphypleona have independently evolved similar variants of gPGE, in which males are produced through somatic elimination of paternal X chromosomes, while the remainder of the paternal genome is retained until its elimination during meiosis ( Fig. 1) (7,14,21,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). ...
Haplodiploidy and paternal genome elimination (HD/PGE) are common in invertebrates,
having evolved at least two dozen times, all from male heterogamety (i.e., systems
with X chromosomes). However, why X chromosomes are important for the
evolution of HD/PGE remains debated. The Haploid Viability Hypothesis posits that
X-linked genes promote the evolution of male haploidy by facilitating purging recessive
deleterious mutations. The Intragenomic Conflict Hypothesis holds that conflict
between genes drives genetic system turnover; under this model, X-linked genes could
promote the evolution of male haploidy due to conflicts with autosomes over sex ratios
and genetic transmission. We studied lineages where we can distinguish these hypotheses:
species with germline PGE that retain an XX/X0 sex determination system
(gPGE+X). Because evolving PGE in these cases involves changes in transmission without
increases in male hemizygosity, a high degree of X linkage in these systems is predicted
by the Intragenomic Conflict Hypothesis but not the Haploid Viability
Hypothesis. To quantify the degree of X linkage, we sequenced and compared 7
gPGE+X species’ genomes with 11 related species with typical XX/XY or XX/X0
genetic systems, representing three transitions to gPGE. We find highly increased X
linkage in both modern and ancestral genomes of gPGE+X species compared to nongPGE
relatives and recover a significant positive correlation between percent X linkage
and the evolution of gPGE. These empirical results substantiate longstanding proposals
for a role for intragenomic conflict in the evolution of genetic systems such as HD/
PGE.
In this contribution, we present the first records of species from the families Cecidomyiidae,
Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae, and Sciaridae from Slovakia. A total of 45 species were identified,
of which 44 species are new to Slovakia—29 in Cecidomyiidae, 3 in Keroplatidae, 8 in Mycetophilidae,
and 4 in Sciaridae. New records for central Europe are as follows, Campylomyza nigroliminata
Mamaev, 1998, Gynapteromyia brevipalpis (Mamaev, 1964), Arctepidosis jamalensis Mamaev, 1990,
Asynapta magdalini Panelius, 1965, Camptomyia oldhammeri Jaschhof & Jaschhof 2019, Glemparon
sagittifer Jaschhof, 2013, Neurepidosis hybrida Jaschhof & Jaschhof, 2019, Paratetraneuromyia nobilis
(Felt, 1913), Porricondyla leacheana (Walker, 1856), Pseudepidosis lunaris Mamaev, 1966, Stackelbergiella
rickebasta Jaschhof, 2013, Tetraneuromyia discrepans Jaschhof & Jaschhof 2019, T. moldaviensis
(Spungis, 1987), and Sciophila minuta Zaitzev, 1982.
The phylogeny of the subfamilies Sciophilinae and Leiinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) is reconstructed, based on three nuclear (18S, 28S, CAD) and three mitochondrial (16S, COI, Cytb) gene fragments. The analysis supports the monophyly of Sciophilinae in a strict sense, without the Paratinia Mik, 1874 genus group and genera Aneura Marshall, 1896 and Taxicnemis Tonnoir and Edwards, 1927, the latter two revealed as being the most plesiomorphic within Mycetophilidae. The subfamily Leiinae is found monophyletic, but only in much narrower sense than it was defined based on recent morphological analyses. The genus TaiwanosciaroidesSaigusa, 2018 synon. nov. is considered to be a junior synonym of DeimyiaKallweit, 2002. A new molecular phylogeny of Sciaroidea is presented, based on longer sequences of nuclear genes (18S, 28S, CAD) and three mitochondrial gene fragments (12S, 16S, COI), including 10 genera of the Sciaroidea incertae sedis group. Eight of them grouped together (ufboot2 = 93), including RangomaramaJaschhof and Didham, 2002 (family Rangomaramidae). Two outlier genera, Ohakunea Edwards, 1927 and HeterotrichaChandler, 2002, grouped within Sciophilinae and as the sister-taxon to Sciaridae, respectively. Our results spark a debate over how to interpret and combine molecular and morphological data, and we refrain from reclassifications at this point.
A synopsis of the fauna of the family Heleomyzidae (Diptera) in the Gemer area (Slovakia) is presented. A total of 66 species are treated based on previously published records and material examined (largely from the Muránska planina National Park and the Cerová vrchovina Protected Landscape Area). Each species is listed with comments about its general distribution, biology and faunistic and/or nature-conservancy importance. The regional fauna of Heleomyzidae is distinguished for high species diversity and for the occurrence of a number of rare or stenotopic species. Four species are new additions to the fauna of the whole of Slovakia, viz. Neoleria ruficeps (Zetterstedt, 1838), Oldenbergiella brumalis Czerny, 1924, O. seticerca Papp, 1980 and Orbellia myiopiformis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; in addition, 13 species belong to rare and little-known taxa with only a few previous records from the country. The fauna of the Gemer area is enriched by 22 species; 32 species are recorded from the Muránska planina NP and 31 from the Cerová vrchovina PLA for the first time. The peculiarities of the fauna of Heleomyzidae in the Gemer territory are discussed including a review of species associated with cave habitats and species most important from the ecological, biogeographical and nature-conservancy points of view.
A new species of Keroplatidae – Chetoneura lagangеnsis sp. n. from Lagang cave in Sarawak, Borneo is described and illustrated based on a single male specimen. An identification key to the species of the genus Chetoneura Colless is provided. A distribution map of the five known species of Chetoneura is presented – Ch. cavernae Colless, Ch. shennonggongensis Amorim & Niu, Ch. oligoradiata (Papp), Ch. davidi Ševčík, Hippa & Burdiková and Ch. lagangensis Kazandzhieva & Bechev, sp. n.
This is a supplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography covering taxa described or recorded during 2021, plus a few earlier records that were missed previously. Up to the end of 2021, 2,198 species were recorded from Kachin amber of which 337 were named in 2021. Five species were named or recorded from older Hkamti amber.
