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Ostrich (Struthio camelus) is the largest living bird of the World but it is flightless and restricted to Africa. World's tallest flying aquatic bird is sarus crane, Grus antigone, which is monogamous, non-migratory and only resident breeding crane of Indian sub continent. It prefers to inhabit open wet and dry grasslands, agriculture fields, marsh...
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... Bird watching allows humans to experience aesthetic and recreational satisfaction as they observe these magnificent creatures in their natural habitats. Some birds act like eternal symbol of marital fidelity (Prakash and Verma, 2016;Kumar, 2018). Engaging in bird watching allows individuals to experience aesthetic and recreational satisfaction as they observe these magnificent creatures in their natural habitats, undisturbed by human interference. ...
Wetlands are unique, complex and sensitive habitats that form a connection between
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and provide a range of ecosystem services to humans.
They are equally crucial for the survival of birds and provide critical foraging, roosting,
nesting, chick-rearing, moulting, stop-over and wintering habitat for migratory and
resident water birds. Water birds serve as an important bio-indicator of ecosystem
changes and have been used widely throughout the world. Water birds term
encompasses a large group of bird species that feed near or in water and these birds are
regarded as indicators of wetland ecosystem health because they strongly influence the
diversity of organisms living in the water bodies and form an important part of the food
web.
... marital fidelity as they pair for lifelong and made for each other (Ashok, 2016;Verma, 2018a;Prakash and Verma, 2016a). They have a strong correlation with agriculture specially paddy ecosystems (Verma, 2018b). ...
... The population of Sarus crane is decreasing globally but it is increasing continuously at local level in and around the Alwara Lake of district Kaushambi, India (Verma et al., 2015;Verma and Prakash, 2016a, 2018a, 2018b, 2019Prakash and Verma, 2019). Kumar and Kanaujia (2017) and Tomar and Chouksey (2018) studied the nest site selection and nesting behaviour of Sarus crane in different parts of Uttar Pradesh. ...
The Indian Sarus crane (Grus antigone antigone) is a monogamous, graceful water bird,
well known as an eternal symbol of unconditional love, devotion and good fortune with a high degree
of marital fidelity. Its occurrence represents a healthy wetland ecosystem. A systematic study was
conducted from June 2019 to May 2020 in the villages adjoining the Alwara Lake of district
Kaushambi (Uttar Pradesh), India to explore the nesting behaviour and current threats to the Sarus
crane. During the study, a total number of 43 nests were encountered in the study area. The nests
were seen on large wetlands, uplands, paddy fields, scattered irrigation ditches, adjoining areas of
Lake etc. around the human settlements. These birds preferred to use local flora in constructing the
nests, many of them with medicinal values. The main threats include the egg destruction by predator
animals and indirect anthropogenic activities; however farmers tolerate the cranes nesting in their
productive sites, despite the considerable crop damage.
... Indian subcontinent has rich avian biodiversity with around 1300 avian species but then also, long term studies on breeding ecology and behavior of majority of species in their natural environment are insufficient and scanty. A number of Indian bird species are now in IUCN Red List (Verma, 2018a(Verma, , 2018b; Prakash and Verma, 2019; Balwan and Saba, 2020) [18,19,2] . Feeding and breeding is an important process in an avian species (Wani, 2020) [23] . ...
... Indian subcontinent has rich avian biodiversity with around 1300 avian species but then also, long term studies on breeding ecology and behavior of majority of species in their natural environment are insufficient and scanty. A number of Indian bird species are now in IUCN Red List (Verma, 2018a(Verma, , 2018b; Prakash and Verma, 2019; Balwan and Saba, 2020) [18,19,2] . Feeding and breeding is an important process in an avian species (Wani, 2020) [23] . ...
A sunbird was observed opportunistically collecting materials for the construction of nest. The material used by bird for the construction of nest included soft grass, fibers, small leaves, bark, cobwebs, pieces of thermocol, bits of paper, strings. The nest was made and incubation of eggs was done by female only and the male was involved in post incubation events like feeding and defending the hatchlings. After hatching, both male and female partners took active part in feeding the young ones. Authors observed all these things for a period of 90 days from
... The ancient Hindu scriptures considered the Sarus meat as a taboo (Board et al., 2001b). Sarus crane considered as a symbol of marital virtue in Gujarat and believed that the death of one partner leads to the death of pair mate (Kumar and Kanaujia, 2017b;Verma, 2018b). The most significant results of the Sarus crane conservation can be achieved if active participation of the local community can be increased (Kumar and Kanaujia, 2017a). ...
... The ancient Hindu scriptures considered the Sarus meat as a taboo (Board et al., 2001b). Sarus crane considered as a symbol of marital virtue in Gujarat and believed that the death of one partner leads to the death of pair mate (Kumar and Kanaujia, 2017b;Verma, 2018b). The most significant results of the Sarus crane conservation can be achieved if active participation of the local community can be increased (Kumar and Kanaujia, 2017a). ...
The present socio-economic study was conducted to know the local perception and
conservation mindset of local peoples towards sarus crane. Total 15 peoples representing
73 family members from 8 villages of two tehsils from two districts of central Gujarat
were interviewed. All respondents engaged in agriculture or related occupation. These
farmers possess small landholdings and low annual income. Farmers from this 8 village
sighted a total of 266 sarus cranes. Sarus crane prefers a faraway corner of a farm as a nest
location with minimum disturbance. Farmers believe that disturbing them can bring bad
omen to them. Farmers feel pleasant and happy with the presence of sarus crane in their
field. Farmers also conserve the sarus crane by protecting the nest and protecting eggs
from stealing and chicks from dogs. The soil sample analysis suggests that this soil is rich
in sodium, which is indirectly beneficial for sarus crane as farmers will use little or no
chemical fertilizers in the field. Due to the welcoming approach of locals, the agricultural
landscape of central Gujarat became an important breeding site for sarus cranes.
Community involvement through awareness and educating the youngsters about the
importance of the species is the key for Sarus conservation.
... Indian subcontinent has rich avian biodiversity with around 1300 avian species but then also, long term studies on breeding ecology and behavior of majority of species in their natural environment are insufficient and scanty. A number of Indian bird species are now in IUCN Red List (Verma, 2018a(Verma, , 2018b; Prakash and Verma, 2019; Balwan and Saba, 2020) [18,19,2] . Feeding and breeding is an important process in an avian species (Wani, 2020) [23] . ...
... Indian subcontinent has rich avian biodiversity with around 1300 avian species but then also, long term studies on breeding ecology and behavior of majority of species in their natural environment are insufficient and scanty. A number of Indian bird species are now in IUCN Red List (Verma, 2018a(Verma, , 2018b; Prakash and Verma, 2019; Balwan and Saba, 2020) [18,19,2] . Feeding and breeding is an important process in an avian species (Wani, 2020) [23] . ...
... Dominance of Hemiptera and Odonata insects suggested that the pond ecosystem of Guthia taal is relatively less polluted. Besides, authors noticed a sufficient number of sarus crane (Verma, 2018b(Verma, , 2018c. ...
... The sarus crane is World's largest flying bird, well known as an eternal symbol of unconditional love, devotion and good fortune with high degree of marital fidelity as they pair for lifelong (Verma 2018a). The sarus crane has now been declared as 'State Bird' by the Government of Uttar Pradesh. ...
The present study is designed to analyze the population of Indian Sarus Crane (Grus antigone antigone) in and around the Alwara Lake of district Kaushambi (Uttar Pradesh) India in 8 consecutive years from 2012 to 2019. The sarus crane is the only resident and non-migratory breeding crane of Indian subcontinent. This bird is now globally threatened due to the shrinking in the extent and quality of their wetland habitats, reduction in suitable mating sites and increased anthropogenic activities. In the present study, authors attempted to count the number of sarus crane in 8 consecutive years from 2012 to 2019 in the same study area. This systematic analysis reflects an increase in the number of sarus crane at sustainable level in the area studied.
The Sarus crane () is a flagship species of marshland and wetlands. This is the only resident and non-migratory Grus antigone breeding crane of the Indian subcontinent.
