Figure - available from: Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine
This content is subject to copyright. Terms and conditions apply.
Macular telangiectasia type 2 initial presentation. (a) Fundus photograph of the right macula shows foveal pigment mottling and changes in the perifoveal vasculature. (b) Fundus photography of the left macula shows foveal pigment mottling. (c) Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) reveals an atrophic cyst and ellipsoid zone disruption in the right macula. (d) Similar SDOCT changes are present in the left macula.
Source publication
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a recently established noninvasive technology for evaluation of the retinal and choroidal vasculature. The literature regarding the findings in macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel2) is scarce. We report the OCTA findings associated with a subject with MacTel2 and secondary subretinal neovasculari...
Similar publications
Telangiectasias is most prevalent on the lower limbs and has been estimated to manifest in 40%-90% of the population. Treatments for telangiectasias include sclerotherapy, laser therapy, intense pulsed light treatment, microphlebectomy, and thermocoagulation. Cryo-Laser & Cryo-Sclerotherapy (CLaCS) effectively combines thermal and injection sclerot...
Background
Although squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) can be easily diagnosed clinically, proper diagnosis is sometimes difficult when based on clinical information alone.
Objective
To know what causes clinical misdiagnosis between SCC and BCC, and evaluate whether dermoscopy can improve diagnostic accuracy.
Methods
Cli...
Macular Telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) is an uncommon bilateral retinal disease, in which glial cell and photoreceptor degeneration leads to central vision loss. The causative disease mechanism is largely unknown, and no treatment is currently available. A previous study found variants in genes associated with glycine–serine metabolism (PSPH, PHGDH...
El cavernoma cerebral es una lesión vascular del sistema nervioso central, la segunda más frecuente (10-15%) de los cuatro tipos de malformaciones cerebrales, entre las que se encuentran la malformación arteriovenosa, telangiectasia capilar y la anomalía venosa del desarrollo; asociándose a esta última en aproximadamente 9% de los casos. Su prevale...
Citations
... Recently, SD-OCTA has emerged in the literature as a reliable, reproducible, non-invasive method to accurately image early retinal changes associated with IMT2 [10]. Specifi cally, the OCTA capabilities to precisely record vascular abnormalities through the use of coherent motion imaging has provided a useful toll in detection of the choroidal neovascular changes associated profound vision loss second to IMT2 [11,12]. ...
Idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 2 (IMT2) is a relatively uncommon clinical condition with an estimated prevalence of 1% within the general population. This condition can be challenging to precisely identify in early stages but advancements in clinical imaging to include fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can allow for timely diagnosis and prompt intervention that may leads to improved long-term clinical outcomes. Emerging literature has recognized the role of macular pigment (MP) in IMT2 in terms of Henle fiber layer deposition mechanisms and potential mitigation of inflammatory and oxidative stress. Primary care optometrists are in a unique position to facilitate early detection and manage through close evaluation and individualized lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation. Keywords: Idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 2; Macular pigment; Spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is extensively used for visualizing retinal vasculature, including the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Assessment of the FAZ is critical in the diagnosis and management of various retinal diseases. Accurately segmenting the FAZ in the deep retinal layer (dFAZ) is very challenging due to unclear capillary terminals. In this study, a customized encoder-decoder deep learning network was used for dFAZ segmentation. Six-fold cross-validation was performed on a total of 80 subjects (63 healthy subjects and 17 diabetic retinopathy subjects). The proposed method obtained an average Dice of 0.88 and an average Hausdorff distance of 17.79, suggesting the dFAZ was accurately segmented. The proposed method is expected to realize good clinical application value by providing an objective and faster and spatially-quantitative preparation of dFAZ-related investigations.
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a novel imaging technique that has recently become commercially available and allows en face visualization of the retinal and choroidal vasculature. OCT-A employs motion contrast imaging to high-resolution volumetric blood flow information generating angiographic images in seconds to minutes. Because of the noninvasive nature, fast acquisition time, and ability to segment layers of the retina and choroid, this technology has broad clinical applications, especially in patients with retinal vascular diseases. This chapter discusses clinically relevant pearls that will assist ophthalmologists and optometrist with the applications of OCT-A in the care of patients with various retinal vascular diseases.
Background and objective:
Difficulty exists in the follow-up of proliferative macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2) cases after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment due to staining in fluorescein angiography (FA) and alteration in retinal layers by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Herein, the authors report three cases in which OCT angiography (OCTA) could resolve this issue.
Patients and methods:
In this retrospective, observational case series, diagnosis of MacTel 2 was made based on clinical examination, FA, OCT, and OCTA at presentation. Regression of neovessels was monitored by OCT and OCTA.
Results:
OCTA could delineate neovessels before treatment in all cases and facilitate differentiation between active and regressed lesions after treatment. Simultaneous OCT images were less easily appreciated due to altered retinal structure secondary to degenerative nature of the disease.
Conclusion:
OCTA could be the tool of choice to monitor neovascular response to anti-VEGF treatment in proliferative MacTel 2. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2019;50:485-491.].
