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MTS assay for THP-1 macrophages cells after incubation by 24 h with a) ALA:AuNPs and b) ALA:AuFe. The values of 10 to 40 μL correspond to the volume of NPs added to each well containing cells. The final volume in each well was kept constant adding serum free RPMI-1640. ****P < 0.0001 statistically significant difference from control
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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a group of chronic diseases resulted by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors and life style. The main types of NCDs are cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Some of therapeutic treatments for NCDs induce severe cytotoxicity to normal cells. New treatments as photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies have b...
Citations
... In addition, actually, the novel deep photo-dynamic therapy (PDT), which is very spectacular minimally invasive therapeutic method used in medical filed [34][35][36][37], constitutes another promising tool in cancer treatment. This method requires nanoscintillators with high light yield to be conjugates with a photosensitizer to produce therapeutically relevant results [38]. ...
Background
In this study, three sample detectors have been prepared by using cerium-activated YAG nanoscintillator (Y3Al5O12: Ce3+) synthesized by sol–gel method and heat-treat at 900 °C for 2 h in different atmospheres such as vacuum, air and nitrogen.PurposeMany studies about YAG: Ce3+ single crystal have been carried out, but the material at the nanoscale remains not enough understood. The objective of the present paper is to investigate the effects of annealing atmosphere on the scintillation properties and identify the suitable atmosphere that allow to design radiation detectors with high scintillation efficiency.Methods
In order to accurately assess the scintillation properties, the nanoscintillator sample powders have been designed as a detector, in which, preparation operations such as surface homogenization and efficiency coupling with photomultiplier tube (PMT) window were developed. The study was performed using γ-rays 662 keV released from137Cs radioactive source, the bi-alkali GDB-4FF PMT was used as a photodetector. Nuclear instrumentation chain was set up in order to collect the pulse height spectra, NaI:Tl single-crystal scintillator was used as a reference detector to estimate the scintillation light yield. The delayed coincidence method was used for measuring the scintillation decay time of nanoscintillator sample detectors.ResultsThe sample detector annealed at vacuum atmosphere exhibits the best scintillation properties, the scintillation light yield was estimated to be 14,600 ± 3400 ph/MeV and the fast component in the scintillation decay was 90 ns.Conclusion
The vacuum is the suitable atmosphere which allows the development of radiation detectors with high scintillation efficiency.
... Compared to chemical methods, photochemical routes in nanotechnology are advantageous, because they avoid the use of toxic or harmful compounds, allow spatial and temporal control, do not depend on expensive instrumentation or highly qualified personnel, and, most importantly, can be performed under environmental conditions [28][29][30][31]. The photochemical process begins with the reduction of the metallic precursor, from (Ag+) to its zero valence state (Ag 0 ) by the photocatalyzed action of the reducing agent. ...
A low-cost and reliable detection of hydrogen peroxide is essential in the pharmaceutical, medical, and food industries, since H2O2 can cause irreversible cellular damage through the oxidation of biomolecules. This paper describes a sensitive luminescent sensor for H2O2 based on a dual fluorescence-colorimetric assay for determining the hydrogen peroxide using silver nanoparticles prepared with Plinia cauliflora extracts (PcAgNPs). Nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis, transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, Zeta potential, FTIR, and fluorescence. The average size of spherical particles was ~ 14 nm. The photoreduction process and pH control improved the nanoparticle's photophysical properties and stability. With pH adjustment, the Zeta potential of PcAgNPs prepared with fruit extract changed from ~ − 17 mV to ~ − 30 mV. The behavior of the PcAgNPs SPR and fluorescence bands were studied in the presence of H2O2. The SPR band of PcAgNPs around 420 nm gradually decreased upon the increasing concentration of H2O2, while the PcAgNPs emission has an enhancement and a shift (from ~ 470 to ~ 440 nm) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. A calibration curve was obtained in the range of 0–5 μM, with a calculated detection limit of 0.15 μM. The present biosensor can be applied as an alternative method for detecting hydrogen peroxide in medical care and environmental monitoring.
... Thus, these nanohybrids act as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic method for CVDs, which selectively and effectively destroy macrophages. 148 Ischemia causes hindrance in the blood flow and damages the downstream tissues owing to the less availability of oxygen and nutrients. Therapeutic angiogenesis occurs through the process of angiogenesis, where new blood vessels are built by evolving and diverging from the available blood vessels. ...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than 50% of CVDs can be treated effectively through the use of nanotechnology. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cardiovascular drug carriers. This review also summarizes the difficulties associated with the conventional treatment modalities in comparison to the nanomedicine for CVDs.
Nanotechnology is envisaged to provide a dynamic approach to treat blocking of the coronary arteries that occurs due to resistance to the normal blood flow to the heart. Specifically designed nanomaterials are employed as novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. It is also anticipated that biological factors and cellular processes, which lead to cardiovascular diseases, can be controlled by nanotherapeutics. For instance, improved nanomaterial coatings on stents can be employed to deliver diagnostic agents to the blocked and plagued points in the arteries. Nanotechnology can enhance the drug delivery to atherosclerotic plaques and reduce inflammatory responses caused due to intravascular interventions.
In the bailiwick of cardiovascular stents, the most promising progress was the release of drugs from the stents. With respect to clinical applications, although there are innumerable advantages of drug eluting stents (DES) in comparison to bare metal stents (BMS), the main shortcoming of in-stent restenosis still remains unresolved. Some of the factors to be considered for the long-term clinical success of DES are polymers used for coating, stent platforms, drug release profiles, degradability of polymers, and metals and their alloys that are utilized in stents as metal frameworks. In order to address issues related to inflammatory response, delayed endothelialisation, and sub-acute stent thrombosis (ST), it is very important to explore novel strategies to optimise the most appropriate DES.
In this article, we reviewed recent developments in DES designs and put forth our perspectives for using nanotechnology, so as to bring about a revolutionary change in the invention of DES.
