Fig 3 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
![TABLE 1 OPCODE VALUES ACCORDING TO ITU-T [10]](publication/309344112/figure/tbl1/AS:668879831461901@1536484787822/OPCODE-VALUES-ACCORDING-TO-ITU-T-10_Q320.jpg)
![Fig. 4. Mobile MPLS architecture [5].](publication/309344112/figure/fig3/AS:419657493303298@1477065551626/Mobile-MPLS-architecture-5_Q320.jpg)
MPLS architecture for transport networks play the significant role in the development of next generation networks, in particular with regard to the guarantee of continuity of communications “end-to-end” through a variety of heterogeneous segments of the telecommunications network. The article presents the concept of Mobile MPLS-TP with the use of O...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... advantages of MPLS technology have contributed to the growth of its popularity not only in backbone networks but also segments of aggregation and access. Due to this fact the new problem appeared -the mobility of the end devices including issues concerning the location management and "handoff" handling - Fig. 3. "Handoff" (also called "handover") is real time switching process of mobile device from area supported by one base station to area subordinated by another one with keeping the connection in active state. The technology fulfilling these needs is Mobile MPLS, which is based on algorithms used in Mobile IP, except that classic routing of ...
Citations
... The bidirectional feature (congruency) is needed for differential protection relay communications. Static provisioning behaves similar to SDH, which operates through NMS but provides transport-like resilience with 50 ms protection switching [34]. Meanwhile, in-band OAM is similar to SDH management, which performs monitoring, fault detection alarm and multilevel operations. ...
... Several recent works on OAM-related protection are available, such as [34,[41][42][43]. The concept of mobile MPLS-TP with the use of OAM channels was proposed by Pijanka et al. [34] to support the mobility of users and optimise the âȂŸhandoffâȂŹ procedure in a hierarchical network topology. ...
... Several recent works on OAM-related protection are available, such as [34,[41][42][43]. The concept of mobile MPLS-TP with the use of OAM channels was proposed by Pijanka et al. [34] to support the mobility of users and optimise the âȂŸhandoffâȂŹ procedure in a hierarchical network topology. The combination of mobile MPLS with additional OAM functionalities combined the advantages and capabilities of MPLS-TP technology for mobile users. ...
Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks are packet-based networks that offer considerable advantages, includingimproved network utilisation, reduced network latency, and the ability to meet the quality of service and strict level agreementrequirements of any incoming traffic. A vast number of applications are now migrating to packet-based conditions that causeincreased pressure on network providers to change their systems. Innovations and improvements on MPLS are still on goingto ensure that such networks can cater to the ever-increasing bandwidth demand whenever required. This study provides areview of MPLS networks and their promising technologies, such as traffic engineering, protection and restoration, differentiatedservices, and MPLS-transport profile (MPLS-TP) and its applications. This work also reviews recent issues on MPLS networks anddiscusses the implementation of MPLS-TP networks in the power grid. A review of recent literature shows that researchers shouldbe careful in proposing new protocols or designs for MPLS to ensure that it achieves the most efficient and optimal performance.Furthermore, we can conclude that although MPLS is a promising technology for future networks, there are challenges to overcomewith regards to security and network flexibility, especially as far as migration to MPLS-TP is concerned.
... MPLS is an evolving connection-oriented switching technology based on labels instead of Internet Protocol (IP) address and is an undergoing study until today [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. This technology creates virtual connections between two Label Edge Routers (LER) that are located at the edge of backbone network [8]. The backbone of the MPLS network consists of LER, Label Switch Router (LSR), and Label Switch Path (LSP). ...
... The backbone of the MPLS network consists of LER, Label Switch Router (LSR), and Label Switch Path (LSP). One role of LER is for Quality of Service (QoS) to ensure and distribute the labels to all the network components along unidirectional tunnel called the LSP [8][9]. It is also the first router to encapsulate and decapsulate by adding and removing labels onto the packets into the LSP and make the initial path selection. ...
... When the LSR received a packet, it checks the routing table to find the next hop which is also an LSR. Then, it detaches the label and attaches a new one before it sends packet to the next hop [8,10]. ...
span>Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a promising packet switching technology in the field of communication network, allowing router to forward the packets based on labels. However, off-the-shelves routers are made to be non-configurable, making it less suitable for academic research purposes. The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of developing a configurable MPLS router by reviewing embedded system-based router, software-based router and commercial MPLS router itself. The architecture of the routers will be described in detail and their performances will be compared. From the analysis, we found that the development of reconfigurable MPLS router testbed is achievable by using embedded system-based hardware due to its freedom of reconfigurability.</span
... Previously mentioned work by Kim et al. in [11] was also implemented for OAM. Pijanka et al. [16] presented a solution of conceptual mobile MPLS-TP with the use of OAM channels along with its advantages to optimize the handoff or handover management procedure in hierarchical network topology. Dynamic control plane is to make deployment of MPLS-TP network operationally more efficient. ...
... Mobile MPLS-TP-Support the mobility of terminal devices using OAM channel [16]. PSC and APS are pre-existing solutions for the MPLS-TP linear protection with some deficiencies, thus, an Automatic Protection Coordination (APC) has been introduced by Ryoo et al. [12] as a unified solution which could improve both of the PSC and APS solutions. ...
... This architecture represents the generalized topology discovery, operational monitoring, and provisioning (G-TOP) controller by integrating the network topology discovery, path computation and also provisioning functions for carrier-grade transport network. A solution of conceptual mobile MPLS-TP was presented by Pijanka et al. [16] with the use of OAM channels along with its advantages. This solution is specifically proposed for both of the aggregation and access networks by supporting the mobility of users and also to optimize the handoff or handover management procedure in hierarchical network topology. ...
In the perspective of Multiprotocol Label Switching – Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) network, a reliable framework architecture or mechanism needs to be ascertained by comparing the results obtained through implementation of previously proposed scheme towards the network. This is important in order to implement an efficient system for different types of applications or services. Various results are reviewed and analyzed from the related works followed by detail discussions based on their proposed objectives. The analyses shown that most applications of MPLS-TP have been utilized for protection, followed by Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM), fairness and congestion control. This is due to the mission-critical operational service of protection which require us to meet the standard protection switching time of 50 ms.
