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... of Maharashtra between 20˚24′30″ N to 20˚02′N and 79˚8′E to 79˚22′30″E. The area is located to the North of Chandrapur with a total area 439.332 km 2 . Erai River is a main tributary of the Wardha River with a length of around 25 km from the origin to the confluence point at Wardha River. The origin of Erai River is near Kasarbodi village (Fig. 1). The climate of the district is hot, dry throughout the year except during monsoon season, i.e. from June to September. The mean daily maximum temperature during May is 42.8˚C and the mean daily minimum temperature during December is 12.2˚C. The elevation of various plateaus in Chandrapur district ranges between 166 and 373 m above ...
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... of basin asymmetry. The Transverse Topographic Symmetry Factor (T) values for the Erai River sub basin ranges in between 0.07 to 0.62. According to generated results, the basin indicates perfect basin indicates more asymmetric pattern and T values as approaching to one (Fig. 8 & table 7). (Fig. 9). The aspect of the subwatersheds is shown in (Fig. 10), clearly indicating north, northwest, south, and southwest facing slope of the basin. The study area have highest relief of 373 m, while the lowest value is measured as 166 m (Fig. 11). These major slopes reflect the higher moisture content and low evaporation that the other parts of the basin which plays an important role to conserve ...
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... perfect basin indicates more asymmetric pattern and T values as approaching to one (Fig. 8 & table 7). (Fig. 9). The aspect of the subwatersheds is shown in (Fig. 10), clearly indicating north, northwest, south, and southwest facing slope of the basin. The study area have highest relief of 373 m, while the lowest value is measured as 166 m (Fig. 11). These major slopes reflect the higher moisture content and low evaporation that the other parts of the basin which plays an important role to conserve vegetation, forests, and bio-diversity in the study area. The slope elements are highly related to run-off of the water and affect the time required for rain water to enter in the river ...
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... varying resistance ( Magesh et al.2011). In general, the longitudinal river profiles show steeper gradients in the upland reachs and lower gradients in the alluvial reaches. Most of the streams exhibit knick points in the resistant rocks of the uplands and concave-up shapes with straight reaches in the less-or non-resistant alluvial lithology (Fig. 12). The knickpoints are located close to the intersection of lithological contacts channels and fracture zones. The longitudinal profiles of sub-watersheds selected at Erai ground water level. The longitudinal river profile shows steep gradients in the upland reaches, which contrasts with the graded, but steeper profiles in other part of ...
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... area. The topographical characteristic of a basin is determined using the relative relief of its catchment area ( Gayen et al., 2013). In the study area, the topographic profile was studied and high degree of topographic expectation and at higher elevation which suggested that most variation in the topography of convex-up shapes in the topography (Fig. 5 and Fig. ...
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... of Maharashtra between 20˚24′30″ N to 20˚02′N and 79˚8′E to 79˚22′30″E. The area is located to the North of Chandrapur with a total area 439.332 km 2 . Erai River is a main tributary of the Wardha River with a length of around 25 km from the origin to the confluence point at Wardha River. The origin of Erai River is near Kasarbodi village (Fig. 1). The climate of the district is hot, dry throughout the year except during monsoon season, i.e. from June to September. The mean daily maximum temperature during May is 42.8˚C and the mean daily minimum temperature during December is 12.2˚C. The elevation of various plateaus in Chandrapur district ranges between 166 and 373 m above ...
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... of basin asymmetry. The Transverse Topographic Symmetry Factor (T) values for the Erai River sub basin ranges in between 0.07 to 0.62. According to generated results, the basin indicates perfect basin indicates more asymmetric pattern and T values as approaching to one (Fig. 8 & table 7). (Fig. 9). The aspect of the subwatersheds is shown in (Fig. 10), clearly indicating north, northwest, south, and southwest facing slope of the basin. The study area have highest relief of 373 m, while the lowest value is measured as 166 m (Fig. 11). These major slopes reflect the higher moisture content and low evaporation that the other parts of the basin which plays an important role to conserve ...
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... perfect basin indicates more asymmetric pattern and T values as approaching to one (Fig. 8 & table 7). (Fig. 9). The aspect of the subwatersheds is shown in (Fig. 10), clearly indicating north, northwest, south, and southwest facing slope of the basin. The study area have highest relief of 373 m, while the lowest value is measured as 166 m (Fig. 11). These major slopes reflect the higher moisture content and low evaporation that the other parts of the basin which plays an important role to conserve vegetation, forests, and bio-diversity in the study area. The slope elements are highly related to run-off of the water and affect the time required for rain water to enter in the river ...
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... varying resistance ( Magesh et al.2011). In general, the longitudinal river profiles show steeper gradients in the upland reachs and lower gradients in the alluvial reaches. Most of the streams exhibit knick points in the resistant rocks of the uplands and concave-up shapes with straight reaches in the less-or non-resistant alluvial lithology (Fig. 12). The knickpoints are located close to the intersection of lithological contacts channels and fracture zones. The longitudinal profiles of sub-watersheds selected at Erai ground water level. The longitudinal river profile shows steep gradients in the upland reaches, which contrasts with the graded, but steeper profiles in other part of ...
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... area. The topographical characteristic of a basin is determined using the relative relief of its catchment area ( Gayen et al., 2013). In the study area, the topographic profile was studied and high degree of topographic expectation and at higher elevation which suggested that most variation in the topography of convex-up shapes in the topography (Fig. 5 and Fig. ...
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Citations
... A watershed is an ideal unit for sustainable development by managing the natural resources and mitigating the impact of natural disasters (Manjare , 2020) and mainly depends on subsurface structures, geomorphological features, hydrological properties (Murkute and Solanki, 2019). A drainage network represents initial slope, inequalities in rock hardness, structural controls, geological and geomorphological history of a watershed (Kale and Deshmukh, 2020) and act as the surface expressions of various controlling factors for river dynamics and terrain evolution (Anish 2022). ...
The present study aims to examine the significance of multivariate statistics in studying morphometric behaviour and its relationship in 13 sub- watersheds of Santanavardhani Watershed, Tamil Nadu. Geographic Information System (GIS) based drainage morphometric analysis has been carried out to decipher the geomorphic behaviour of watershed. Different parameters of Linear, Areal and Relief aspects are considered and quantify with the help of Survey of India (SOI) topographic maps and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) based Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in GIS platform. Correlation Analysis is carried out for twelve morphometric parameters to measure the linear relationship between the variables using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) method. Most of the variables show a strong correlation and represent similar geomorphic characteristics. The correlated data was further used to group the variables into different components using Factor Analysis (FA) and it gives 3 different components like Factor of steepness, Factor of magnitude and Factor of geometry. Hierarchical Clustering method (Ward's method) is implemented to group different sub-watersheds based on its geomorphic behaviour. Cluster-1 consists of sub-watersheds S1, S2, S13, S4, S11, S5, S9, S10 shows homogeneous nature and Cluster-2 and Cluster-3 comprises S6, S12, S3 and S7, S8, respectively show heterogeneity of the sub-watersheds. Keywords: Quantitative Drainage Morphometric Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis, GIS
... The increase in stream length ratio from lower to higher order shows that the study area has reached a mature geomorphic stage. P a g e 72 | 11 morphometric parameters which outline the topographical, geological and hydrological states of watershed 10,11,12,13 . Many authors found remote sensing and GIS as an efficient tool to understand the morphometric behavior of any plain topographical area, groundwater delineation 14,15,16,11,12 .Morphometric analysis of streams is an important aspect for characterization of watershed. ...
... P a g e 72 | 11 morphometric parameters which outline the topographical, geological and hydrological states of watershed 10,11,12,13 . Many authors found remote sensing and GIS as an efficient tool to understand the morphometric behavior of any plain topographical area, groundwater delineation 14,15,16,11,12 .Morphometric analysis of streams is an important aspect for characterization of watershed. Proper planning and management of watershed is very necessary for sustainable development 11,8 .GIS technique are effectively used in recent times in determining quantitative description of basin geometry i.e., morphometric analysis. ...
... The resource development programmes are applied generally on watershed basis and thus prioritization is essential for proper planning and management of natural resources for sustainable development (Manjare et. al., 2020;Shrivatra et al., 2021b) [23,36] . Therefore, watershed management is aimed to protect the environment and enhancing food security (Kumar and Palanisami, 2009) [13] . ...
The study area is a part of Painganga River basin in the Chandrapur district of Maharashtra. It extends between 1948'56"N and 7903'43"E, 19 0 48'21"N and 790'2"E & 1944'43"N and 7852'59"E. It falls on the Survey of India toposheet no. 56 M/1, 56 M/2, 56 I/13 and 56 I/14on 1:50,000 scale. Geologically, the study area is covered by Limestone/shale with limestone bands towards northern part and Deccan lava flows towards southern part. Geomorphologically study area is covered by alluvial plain on the northern part, pediplain on the central part, plateau and denudational hills on the southern part. The whole catchment is divided into five smaller units, as sub-watersheds SW-1, SW-2, SW-3, SW-4 and SW-5. Based on the morphometry, the sub-watersheds have been grouped into three categories, as per priority needs, high priority, medium priority and low priority. SW-1 shows medium priority and remaining SW-2, SW-3, SW-4 and SW-5 shows low priority respectively.
... The relationship between drainage morphometric parameters to its underlain geology, geomorphology and hydrological characteristics is established through the work of different geologist and geomorphologist (Strahler 1952;Chorley et al., 1985) [49,9] . The different morphometric characteristics like linear parameters, areal or basin parameters and relief parameters are important for any river basin management and the variations in linear, areal, relief parameters within drainage were examined by computing and assessing morphometric parameters which outline the topographical, geological and hydrological states of watershed (Angillieri, [2,17,23,41,27,46] by analysing CARTOSAT DEM and topographical maps. The geomorphological stages of evolution with its erosional characteristics can also be best understood through the different drainage morphometric parameters (Strahler 1952) [49] . ...
... GIS is an effective tool to analyze spatial and non-spatial data on drainage, geology, landforms parameters to understand their interrelationship (Manjare et al., 2014b) [24] . Many authors found remote sensing and GIS as an efficient tool to understand the morphometric behaviour of any plain topographical area, groundwater delineation ( [3,4,4,35,14,27] . Morphometric analysis of streams is an important aspect for characterization of watershed. ...
... GIS technique are effectively used in recent times in determining quantitative description of basin geometry i.e., morphometric analysis. GIS provides an excellent means of storing, retrieving, manipulating and analysing georeferenced drainage information (Reddy et al., 2002; Manjare et al 2020) [38,27] . ...
Present study aims to understand the morphometric characteristics of Painganga River sub basin using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS). The drainage pattern of the study area is dendritic to sub dendritic with stream orders ranging from I to V orders. Drainage density ranges from 1.42 km/km 2 to 1.57 km/km 2 suggesting low drainage density. The change in stream length ratio from one order to another order indicates their late youthful stage of geomorphic development. SW-3 and SW-5 shows high bifurcation and mean bifurcation ratio suggesting strong geological and lithological controls on the basin. The values of form factor and circulatory ratio, suggest that all the five sub watersheds are elongated in shape. Elongation ratio of all the five sub watersheds ranges from 0.58 to 0.79 which indicates all the five sub watersheds are elongated and the basin is usually associated with high relief and steep ground slope.
Ujh River is located in southwestern Jammu and Kashmir within the Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas
covering 981 km2
. The study of tectonic perturbations of Ujh basin was studied using various
morphotectonic indices used by scientists commonly to studying the tectonic responses and prominence
in a river basin. All the lineament systems present in the Ujh river basin are in the same direction of NWSE. The basin boundary and trunk stream were made using Google Earth Pro. Different morphometric
Analysis is carried out and correlated with the tectonics of the area. Morphometric indices Stream lengthgradient index (SL), Hypsometric Integral, steepness index (ksn), Chi (χ), and Gradient Length Analysis were
computed together with knickpoint analysis these were generated using Golden software, Global Mapper,
concavity, River Tools, MATLAB software along with Topo Toolbox. Asymmetry factor, Transverse
topographic factor was calculated, and the values indicate the basin tilt, asymmetry of the basin, and
disequilibrium state of the basin. The normalized steepness index affects the tectonic upliftment, rock
erosivity, climate, and vegetation throughout the course of the stream. The longitudinal profile exhibits a
concave upwards curve with pulses of convexity indicate the disequilibrium state and the major
knickpoints of the river. GLA, ksn, and Kp highlight the neotectonic activity of the river basin. A new
lineament has been inferred from the contour map generated of positive GLA anomaly. We observe that
differential erosion and upliftment are prominent across all the lineaments present in the Ujh basin.
Kanhan river sub-basin covers an area of 751.139 km 2. The study area is a part of Godavari river basin in covering Nagpur district of Maharashtra and Chhindwara district of Maharashtra, India. The drainage of the area show dendritic drainage pattern. The geology of the area comprises basalt, sandstone and schist. The study area has been subdivided into 14 sub watersheds-Badegaon, Bichawa, Khairi, Khapa, Kormeta, Kothulna, Narsala, Saleghat, Sawanga, Sindewani, Singori, Sonpur, Surewani and Waki. Morphometric analysis and prioritisation of sub watershed has been done using GIS techniques. For each sub watershed various morphometric parameters have been determined. Accordingly, each sub watershed is assigned rank based on the compound value for final prioritization of theses sub watersheds. The sub watersheds has been classified into three categories as high, medium and low based on morphometric analysis, to assign priority for conservation and management of natural resources. Kothulna, Sawanga, Singori, Waki are high priority sub watershed; Badegaon, Khairi, Khapa, Kormeta, Narsala, Sindewani are medium priority watershed whereas Bichawa, Saleghat, Sonpur, Surewani are low priority watershed.
Watershed prioritization has gained importance for locating critical areas of erosion and for taking up proactive steps in watershed management. The present study attempts to forecast land use/land cover change and prioritize the sub-watersheds of Bhavani watershed, Tamil Nadu based on morphometric, land use/land cover and slope coupled with the multicriteria analytical (MCA) framework using remote sensing and GIS. The land use/land cover is predicted for 2030 using an artificial neural network-based cellular automata simulation model, and the sub-watersheds sensitive to erosion were identified and compared for the years 2020 and 2030. Parameters having direct and inverse effects on erosion risk were used as the criteria in the ranking process. Using geospatial data and GIS, a set of eleven morphometric parameters, eight LULC classes, and five slope classes was analysed using a compound value weight calculator for the 26 sub-watersheds. The study demonstrates significant land use changes on cropland, built-up land, wasteland, fallow land and forest land between 2020 and 2030. The entire watershed was divided into four zones based on the prioritization approach and were categorized into very high, high, medium, and low priority zones. The results showed that SW-19, SW-22 and SW-26 were categorized under very high priority zones for the years 2020 and 2030. Besides, the SW-07 was added under very high priority zone for the year 2030.
Bu çalışmada Elbistan Havzası’nın jeomorfolojik gelişimine etki eden yapısal özellikler jeomorfometrik indislerle sorgulanmıştır. Sorgulamada, Elbistan Havzası’na ait 25 alt havzanın jeomorfolojik özelliklerini kazanmasında jeolojik yapı ve tektoniğin etkisi kantitatif verilerle açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda her bir alt havzaya drenaj havza asimetrisi (Af), transvers topografik simetri faktörü (T), havza rölyefi (Bh), rölyef oranı (Rh), havza şekli indeksi (Bs), hipsometrik eğri (Hc) ve hipsometrik integral (Hi) gibi jeomorfometrik indisler uygulanmıştır. Uygulama esnasında 10x10 metre çözünürlüklü Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli, jeoloji verisi, aktif fay verisi ile Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi yazılımlarından ArcGIS 10.7 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Havzaya uygulanan indislerden (Af, T, Bh, Rh, Bs, Hc ve Hi) elde edilen kantitatif veriler birbirleri ile tutarlı sonuçlar vermiştir. Yani alt havzalarda tektoniğin etki derecesine göre yapılan sınıflandırmalar esas alındığında genellikle aynı alt havzaların aynı grupta yer aldığı görülür. Bununla birlikte yakın lokasyonda yer alan alt havzalar da çoğunlukla aynı sınıflarda yer almıştır. Dolayısıyla jeomorfometrik indislerden elde edilen verilerin tamamı fayların geçtikleri alanlardaki alt havzaların formlarına farklı derecelerde etki ettiğini destekler niteliktedir. Elbistan Havzasın’da alt havzaların farklı özellikte olmasında aktif tektonik ve litoloji önemli rol oynamıştır.
