Fig 1 - uploaded by Mohamed Zakhera
Content may be subject to copyright.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... present study deals with the stratigraphical and palaeontological analysis of strata bounding the Campanian-Maastrichtian transition in the Duwi Formation, from six sections exposed in the area between Sibaiya and Bossaylia, Esna-Idfu District, Nile Valley, Southern Egypt (Fig. 1). It is aimed at providing an integrated foraminiferal and molluscan biostratigraphy to get a precise definition of the Campanian-Maastrichtian ...
Similar publications
Citations
... Accarie et al., 2000;Amédro et al., 2005;Caron et al., 2006;Zagrarni et al., 2008;Robaszynski et al., 2010;Negra et al., 2011, Grosheny et al., 2013Zaghbib-Turki & Soua, 2013;Reolid et al., 2015;Aguado et al., 2016;Touir et al., 2017), in Egypt (e.g. Lüning et al., 1998;Aly et al., 2001;Bauer et al., 2002;Zakhera & Kassab, 2002;Ismail et al., 2009;Nagm, 2009;Gertsch et al., 2010;Nagm et al., 2010;El-Sabbagh et al., 2011;Ayoub-Hannaa et al., 2013;Shahin & Elbaz, 2013a;Wilmsen & Nagm, 2013;Nagm et al., 2021), in Jordan (e.g. Schulze et al., 2004;Aly et al., 2008;Morsi & Wendler, 2010;Wendler et al., 2010;Bergue et al., 2016;Nagm et al., 2017;Momani, 2021) and in Oman (Athersuch, 1988). ...
The study of ostracods from the Cenomanian-Turonian transition in the Ksour and Amour Mountains (Saharan Atlas, Algeria) has allowed the identification of fossil assemblages characterising this relevant time interval characterized by global environmental changes. The ostracod assemblages consist of fifteen species and seven genera, and are dominated by the Family Cytherellidae (mainly genus Cytherella), and secondarily by the families Paracyprididae (exclusively Paracypris) and Trachyleberididae (mainly Cythereis). Less common are components of families Bairdiidae, Bythocypridae and Macrocyprididae. The studied ostracod assemblages were compared with those assemblages from basins belonging to palaeobiogeographic provinces of North Africa-Middle East (Gondwana palaeomargin) to search for possible similarities among basins. Thus, the results obtained show the proximity of the ostracod fauna of the Moroccan and Egyptian basins, to which the two basins belonging to the Middle East (Jordan and Oman) are related, the strong similarity between the basins of the Saharan Atlas (Algeria and Tunisia) and finally, the isolation of the ostracod fauna of the Lebanese Basin. This palaeobiogeographical topology shows the probable existence of communication routes during the Cenomanian-Turonian transition or equivalent palaeoenvironmental conditions in different basins.
... The most previous biostratigraphic and paleoecologic studies of the Cenomanian -Turonian successions at North-astern Egypt, generally, and on the western side of the Gulf of Suez, specifically, were depended mainly on their macrofaunal contents only, and the most important ones include Kuss and Malchus 1989;Kassab (1994Kassab ( & 1996; Lüning (1998a); Kassab & Obaidallah (2001); Aly and Abdel Gawad (2001); Kora et al. (2001); El-Hedeny & Nafee (2001); El-Hedeny (2002); ; Zakhera & Kassab (2002); Hewaidy et al.(2003); Bauer et al. (2003); Khalil& Mashaly (2004); Abdel-Gawad et al. (2004); Zalat (2007); Khalil (2007); El Qot (2006Qot ( & 2008; Wanas (2008); Nagm (2009);Nagm et al. (2010Nagm et al. ( & 2011; El Qot and Afifi (2010); El-Sheikh et al.(2010); Saber (2012); Hewaidy et al.(2012); Saber et al. (2012) and Wilmsen & Nagm, E. (2012). ...
... Many stratigraphic studies have been carried out on the Upper Cretaceous rocks (malha formation) exposed in the South Galala Plateau, e.g., Farag (1957), Abdallah and Adindani (1963a, b), Awad and Abdallah (1966), Abdou (1969), Abdou et al. (1969), Abdallah and Eissa (1972), Abdel-Kireem and Abdou (1969), Abu Khadrah et al. (1987), ), Zein El Din et al. (1987, Kuss (1989), Malchus (1990), Faris (1994), Kassab and Zakhera (1999), Kuss et al. (2000), Galal et al. (2001), Abd-Elshafy et al. (2002a,b), Zakhera and Kassab (2002), Galal and Nafae (2003), Abdelhamid and Azab (2003), El Hedeny and El-Sabbagh (2005), and Abdel-Gawad et al. (2007). ...
The glass (silica) sand located in Elzafrana, Eastern Desert, Egypt, is currently mined as raw materials for the glass industry and other utilities because it contains a relatively high percent of silica. However, it still contains a relatively high percent of iron oxides and some impurities compared with those of high quality silica sand in the world market. This study aimed to provide the base for a research and development program plan to improve silica sand quality for the glass industry by reducing the amount of impurities, especially iron and titanium. For all glasses, the composition of the chemical components and size characteristics are important for producing high quality silica glass. The most important oxides in the Elzafrana silica sand are Fe2O3 (0.03%), Al2O3 (0.18%), TiO2 (0.01%), and SiO2 (98.98%). These main oxides are detected in the iron content, the aluminum content, the titanium content, and the silica content in the silica sand. In addition to detecting the quality of silica sand, these oxides are significant in the glass industry. The present investigations revealed that the specifications of the Elzafrana silica sand sample are only suitable for the low grade glass sand industry. According to the world market specifications of British Standards (B.S.) it is suitable for grade D glass making sand, with limitations in grain size gradation. According to the American Ceramic Society and National Bureau of Standard, the studied glass sand is suitable for quality flint containers and tableware, while according to specification of Indian Standards (I.S.), it can also be considered suitable for lighting and bottle glass.
... Over the South Tethyan margin a number of palaeontological studies of bivalves have documented their taxonomical and stratigraphical value to provide standard biozonation and improve the Cenomanian biostratigraphic framework, from northern Africa to Middle East (Kora et al., 1993;Philip et al., 1995;Zakhera and Kassab, 2002;Abdel-Gawad et al., 2004a, b;Aly et al., 2005;El Qot, 2006;Abdel-Gawad et al., 2007;Khalil, 2007;El Qot and Afify, 2010;El-Sheikh et al., 2010;Nagm et al., 2011;Ayoub-Hannaa, 2011, Ayoub-Hannaa et al., 2014Hewaidy et al., 2012;El Qot et al., 2013;Ahmad et al., 2015;El-Sabbagh et al., 2015;Darwish et al., 2015;El Qot and Abdulsamad, 2016;Özer and Ahmad, 2016;Aouissi et al., 2018;Aouissi, 2019). They provide reliable means to decipher palaeoecology of these regions during the Cenomanian time; and the new data presented in this paper is significant for interregional correlations. ...
In the eastern Saharan Atlas, particularly in the northern area of Tebessa Province (NE Algeria), the widely outcropping Cenomanian strata display a highly diversified macrofauna, among which bivalves are prominently represented. Twenty-eight bivalve species are here reported for the first time from the Cenomanian of Hameimat Massifs. Based on the stratigraphic distribution of these bivalves, five bivalve zones were recognized, i.e., Costagyra olisiponensis - Gyrostrea delettrei, Rhynchostreon suborbiculatum - Exogyra conica, Ceratostreon flabellatum, Ilymatogyra africana, and Pycnodonte vesicularis vesiculosa - Rastellum carinatum zones. Correlation to the ammonite biozones of the same region as follows: the Costagyra olisiponensis - Gyrostrea delettrei and the Rhynchostreon suborbiculatum - Exogyra conica zones occur respectively in the Sharpeiceras schlueteri and Mantelliceras saxbii subzones of the lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras mantelli Zone. The Ceratostreon flabellatum Zone is correlated with the middle Cenomanian Acanthoceras rhotomagense Zone. The Ilymatogyra africana Zone is correlated with the upper Cenomanian Calycoceras naviculare and the Metoicoceras geslinianum zones. Finally, the Pycnodonte vesicularis vesiculosa - Rastellum carinatum Zone represents the uppermost Cenomanian. Detailed analysis of biometrical and morphological features of these bivalve specimens provides the most reliable tool within the scope of palaeo-environmental reconstitution and the many palaeo-ecological variables that had driven the development and distribution of these macro-invertebrates. Comparison of these new data to those of adjacent south Tethyian areas supports the homogeneity of the Cenomanian bivalve faunas. Such an affinity underlines more vividly the favorable marine communications and currents driving the geographic dispersal of these bivalves during the Cenomanian.
... addition to the echinoid Heterodiadema libycum (Desor, 1846). The bivalve Pycnodonte (Phygraea) vesicularis vesiculosa is considered a marker species of the uppermost Cenomanian in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt (Ziko et al., 1993;Zakhera and Kassab, 2002;Abdel-Gawad et al., 2004). We therefore assume that Unit D was deposited during the latest Cenomanian. ...
The Cenomanian Smail Marl Formation in the Bellezma and Aures mountains of northeastern Algeria is well exposed and rich in macroinvertebrates, including cephalopods. Twenty-five ammonite species and two nautiloid species from the Thénièt El Manchar, Djebel Metrassi and Djebel Bouarif sections are described and seven assemblage zones proposed as provisional working units: Mantelliceras mantelli–Sharpeiceras laticlavium Assemblage Zone (lower Cenomanian), Mantelliceras dixoni Assemblage Zone (uppermost lower Cenomanian), Cunningtoniceras inerme Assemblage Zone (lower middle Cenomanian), Acanthoceras rhotomagense and Acanthoceras cf. rhotomagense Assemblage Zone (middle middle Cenomanian), Acanthoceras amphibolum Assemblage Zone (upper middle Cenomanian), Acanthoceras jukesbrownei Assemblage Zone (uppermost middle Cenomanian), and Neolobites vibrayeanus Assemblage Zone (lower upper Cenomanian). The lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras mantelli–Sharpeiceras laticlavium Zone is subdivided into the Submantelliceras aumalense, Sharpeiceras schlueteri and Mantelliceras saxbii subzones. The base of the middle Cenomanian is marked by the disappearance of species of Mantelliceras and the appearance of the scleractinian coral Aspidiscus cristatus (Lamarck, 1801), associated with Cunningtoniceras inerme (Pervinquière, 1907). The middle Cenomanian contains abundant A. cristatus and species of Acanthoceras, i.e., A. cf. rhotomagense (Defrance in Brongniart, 1822), A. jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926) and A. amphibolum Morrow, 1935. An ammonite zonal scheme is then applied to the Cenomanian exposed in the Bellezma-Aures mountains located on the southern Tethys margin in Algeria.
... The most dominant associated fossils are the bivalves; Lopha syphax Coquand, Spondylus fimbriatus Goldfuss, Granocardium productum (Sowerby), and Cucullaea diceras Seguenza and the gastropods; Pterocera incerta d'Orbigny, Aporrhias dutrugei (Coquand), and Pterodonta deffisi Thomas and Peron. This zone is equivalent to the Ceratostreon flabella-tumeNeithea dutrugei of Zakhera and Kassab (2002) from Sinai. ...
The Upper Cenomanian-Turonian succession exposed at Jardas al'Abid area consists mainly of carbonates with siliciclastic intercalations. This succession is subdivided lithostratigraphically into: Qasr al'Abid (Late Cenomanian) and Al Baniyah (Late Cenomanian-Coniacian) formations. This sequence is relatively rich in macrofossil assemblages especially bivalves, gastropods, and echinoids with rare ammonites. Based on the first occurrence (FO) and last occurrence (LO) of some index species of these macrofossil groups, an integrated biostratigraphic framework has been constructed. The studied Cenomanian-Turonian sequence is subdivided biostratigraphically into three ammonite biozones; Pseudaspidoceras pseudonodosoides Total Range Zone, Choffaticeras segne Total Range Zone, and Coilopoceras requienianum Total Range Zone. Based on the rest of macrofossil assemblages other than the ammonites, eight biozones were recognized; Mecaster batnensis Total Range Zone, Ceratostreon flabellatum–Neithea dutrugei Acme Zone, Costagyra olisiponensis Acme Zone, Pycnodonte (Phygraea) vesicularis vesiculosa Acme Zone, Mytiloides labiatus Total Range Zone = Mecaster turonensis Acme Zone, Rachiosoma rectilineatum-Curvostrea rouvillei-Tylostoma (T.) globosum Assemblage Zone, Radiolites sp.-Apricardia? matheroni Total Range Zone, and Nerinea requieniana Total Range Zone. Most of the proposed biozones are recorded for the first time from Libya. The integration among these biozones as well as local and inter-regional correlation of the biozones have been discussed. The stage boundaries of the studied stratigraphic intervals are discussed, where the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary is delineated at the last occurrence (LO) of Pseudaspidoceras pseudonodosoides (Choffat), while the Turonian/Coniacian boundary is delineated arbitrary being agree with the LO of the Turonian fauna.
... Previous studies of this group concentrated on the taxonomy and many of them neglected to discuss its importance for the biostratigraphy of the eastern Tethys (e.g., Malchus, 1990;Aqrabawi, 1993;Ahmad and Al-Hammad, 2002;Zakhera and Kassab, 2002a;2002b;Perrilliat et al., 2006;Berndt, 2002;Abdel-Gawad et al., 2004a;2004b and2007;El Qot, 2006;Mekawy, 2007;Hewaidy et al., 2012;Ayoub-Hannaa and Fürsich, 2011). ...
Late Cenomanian oysters occur in great numbers, wide distribution, usually as original shells, and can be used as guide fossils in northeastern Egypt and Jordan. Six genera including seven species of typical Tethyan palaeobiogeographic affinity have been recorded from two sections, Wadi Al-Atashieh in central Jordan and west Saint Anthony in north eastern Egypt. The oyster assemblages exhibit a similar stratigraphic trend in Egypt and Jordan. As a result, four oyster zones can be recognized in the upper Cenomanian succession i.e., Ceratostreon flabellatum, Ilymatogyra africana, Costagyra olisiponensis, and Pycnodonte (Phygraea) vesicularis vesiculosa. These zones are correlated with the equivalent ammonite zones. Extinction of some species of these oysters toward the Cenomanian/Turonian (C/T) boundary may be linked to the eustatic sea level rise.
... Previous studies of this group concentrated on the taxonomy and many of them neglected to discuss its importance for the biostratigraphy of the eastern Tethys (e.g., Malchus, 1990;Aqrabawi, 1993;Ahmad and Al-Hammad, 2002;Zakhera and Kassab, 2002a;2002b;Perrilliat et al., 2006;Berndt, 2002;Abdel-Gawad et al., 2004a;2004b and2007;El Qot, 2006;Mekawy, 2007;Hewaidy et al., 2012;Ayoub-Hannaa and Fürsich, 2011). ...
... In Wadi El Siq and Wadi El Bagha sections (Fig. 2), three rudist levels can be distinguished from the late Cenomanian Neolobites vibrayeanus Zone (Zakhera and Kassab, 2002) of the Raha Formation, as follows (from bottom to top): level A (calcareous mudstone): Sphareulites depressus Blanckenhorn, Radiolites lusitanicus (Bayle), and Eoradiolites liratus (Conrad); level B (silty marl): Sphareulites depressus Blanckenhorn and Sphaerulites agariciformis Delamétherie; level C (calcareous mudstone): Praeradiolites biskraensis (Coquand) and Sphaerulites agariciformis Delamétherie. ...
... The paleocommunity was changed over the Cenomanian-Turonian transition in the west central Sinai. This is indicated by drop in faunal diversity, change of faunal characteristics of oysters and ammonites (Zakhera and Kassab, 2002) and absence of rudist. It seems that the shelf during the late Cenomanian-early Turonian was too shallow and the rudist paleocommunities may have been subjected to higher salinities due to decreased continental runoff or low oxygen, causing an ecological stress to the fauna. ...
... Low diversity and endemism have led to a number of regional ammonite biozonations, including Egypt (Table 1). These biozonations have been widely discussed (Kora and Hamama, 1987; Kassab, 1991Kassab, , 1994Kassab, , 1999Kassab and Ismael, 1994;El-Sabbagh, 2000Kassab and Obaidalla, 2001;El-Hedeny, 2002;Zakhera and Kassab, 2002;Nagm et al., 2010a,b) and correlated with the Pueblo, Colorado, stratotype section and point (GSSP) based on carbon isotope stratigraphy (e.g., Gertsch et al., 2010a,b). ...
Two shallow water late Cenomanian to early Turonian sequences of NE Egypt have been investigated to evaluate the response to OAE2. Age control based on calcareous nannoplankton, planktic foraminifera and ammonite biostratigraphies integrated with d 13 C stratigraphy is relatively good despite low diversity and sporadic occurrences. Planktic and benthic foraminiferal faunas are characterized by dysoxic, brackish and mesotrophic conditions, as indicated by low species diversity, low oxygen and low salinity tolerant planktic and benthic species, along with oyster-rich limestone layers. In these subtidal to inner neritic environments the OAE2 d 13 C excursion appears comparable and coeval to that of open marine environments. However, in contrast to open marine environments where anoxic conditions begin after the first d 13 C peak and end at or near the CenomanianeTuronian boundary, in shallow coastal environments anoxic conditions do not appear until the early Turonian. This delay in anoxia appears to be related to the sea-level transgression that reached its maximum in the early Turonian, as observed in shallow water sections from Egypt to Morocco.
