Fig 4 - uploaded by Athar Parvez Ansari
Content may be subject to copyright.
Liver: (Disease control) Dilated sinusoids (S), focal infiltration of leukocytes (L) and Dissociation of hepatocytes from cord (H & E 100X).
Source publication
Background
Presently, Diabetes mellitus (DM) is categorized as an epidemic disease due to its high prevalence of mortality rate and morbidity, and is also considered as the main threat to the global population. Synthetic drugs used alone for the treatment of DM cause serious adverse effects and insufficiently minimize diabetic complications. Meanwh...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... addition, focal necrosis and hypertrophied heptocytes were also noted. (Fig 4) The liver section of rats of standard control showed regeneration of hepatocytes characterized by intense basophilic nuclei and normal hexagonal shaped hepatocytes in acini position. (Fig 5) The cut sections of liver specimens of rats of test groups A & B showed normal hepatic array arrangement from the central veins; normal bile duct, healthy and regenerated hepatocytes. ...
Citations
... These associate with increased mortality, poor quality of life and high medical costs [2]. Due to hypoinsulinism or insulin resistance (IR), DM is characterized by abnormal protein, lipid, and carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism [3]. The global prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 DM (T2DM) is estimated to be 7.5% (374 million) and 9.3% (463 million individuals) which may be projected to 8.0% (454 million) and 10.2% (578 million), respectively by 2030 [2]. ...
Current anti-diabetic drugs exhibit many side-effects and alternative strategies with minimal side effects and low cost are greatly needed. This study aimed to evaluate selenium yeast (SY) role against diabetes mellitus (DM) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. STZ was intraperitoneal injected daily to Sprague-dawley rats to induce DM. SY (0.2 mg/kg) anti-diabetic effect on DM complications was evaluated after 8 weeks of treatment. Biochemical analyses were performed to evaluate SY effectiveness on glucose level, insulin sensitivity, lipid disturbances, oxidative mediators and inflammatory markers. STZ induced DM with toxic effect accompanied with toxic hepatic tissues, lipid disturbances, remarkable oxidative damage and hyper-inflammation. Although there was no significant difference, SY anti-diabetic effect illustrated by decreases in fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR levels. SY significantly attenuated (P<0.05) lipid disturbances and their associated elevated atherogenic biomarkers. Moreover, SY treatments exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect as it ameliorated the increase in inflammatory parameters (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6). Also, it restored total antioxidant capacity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARƔ) levels that decreased by STZ-DM induction. This study highlighted SY promising therapeutic role in DM. SY ameliorated lipid accumulation, alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and restoring the antioxidant capacity. Further studies needed to evaluate SY combination with other standard anti-diabetic drugs to improve its efficacy.
Background and Aim
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, multi-factorial metabolic disorder and also an important public health issue that requires multi-dimensional therapeutic strategies for effective control. Unani herbs have long been used to effectively mitigate diabetes through various mechanisms. In recent years, it has been speculated that the alteration of gut microbiome ecology is potentially one of the important mechanisms through which the Unani drugs exert hypoglycemic action. This review aims at the trans-disciplinary interpretation of the holistic concepts of the Unani system of medicine and the molecular insights of contemporary medicine for novel strategies for diabetes management.
Methodology
We searched scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science-Direct, etc. Unani classical texts (Urdu, Arabic, and Persian), and medical books, for diabetic control with Unani medicine through the gut microbiome.
Results
Unani medicine defines, diabetes as a urinary system disorder disrupting the transformational faculty (Quwwat Mughayyira) in the gastrointestinal tract. The Unani system and contemporary biomedicine use different epistemology and ontology for describing diabetes through gutderived factors in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Unani Pharmaceutics have reported in clinical and preclinical (in vitro/ in vivo) trials in improving diabetes by altering gut microbiota composition, microvascular dysfunction, and inflammation. However, the preventive plan is the preservance of six essential factors (Asbāb Sitta Ḍarūriyya) as a lifestyle plan.
Conclusion
This is the first study on the integrative strategy about the hypoglycemic effects of Unani herbs that could serve as a prerogative novel approach for cost-effective, holistic, rationalistic, and multi-targeted diabetes management.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic medical condition, has attained a global pandemic status over the last few decades affecting millions of people. Despite a variety of synthetic drugs available in the market, the use of herbal medicines for managing diabetes is gaining importance because of being comparatively safer. This article reviews the result of a substantial literature search on polyherbal formulations (PHFs) developed and evaluated with potential for DM. The accumulated data in the literature allowed us to enlist 83PHFs consisting of different parts of 147 plant species belonging to 58 botanical families. The documented plant species are laden with bioactive components with anti-diabetic properties and thus draw attention. The most favoured ingredient for PHFs was leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and seeds of Trigonellafoenum-graecum used in 29 and 27 formulations, respectively. Apart from herbs, shilajit (exudates from high mountain rocks) formed an important component of 9 PHFs, whereas calcined Mytilus margaritiferus and goat pancreas were used in Dolabi, the most commonly used tablet form of PHF in Indian markets. The healing properties of PHFs against diabetes have been examined in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanism(s) of action of PHFs are still unclear and considered the pitfalls inherent in understanding the benefits of PHFs. From the information available based on experimental systems, it could be concluded that plant-derived medicines will have a considerable role to play in the control of diabetes provided the challenges related to their bioavailability, bioefficacy, optimal dose, lack of characterization, ambiguous mechanism of action, and clinical efficiency are addressed.
