Table 1 - uploaded by Kazi Toufique
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In recent years a number of floodplain aquaculture projects have sprung up in the Daudkandi area of Comilla District. Key to this development are a number of unique organisational and financing arrangements which facilitate the development of necessary infrastructure through issuing shares to farmers who have land in the targeted floodplain area. I...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the efforts of SHISUK to achieve equity in their share distribution, it appears that the poor are not benefiting equally. Table 1 details the findings from a PRA exercise conducted in 2 project villages and shows share distribution trends suggesting that poor people can only receive direct benefits in a small number of cases. The overall picture may be bleaker than this, as it is by no means clear whether the genuine poor will be able to retain shares over time, even if they are allocated to them at the start of a new floodplain aquaculture project. ...
Citations
... Bangladesh has experienced a gradual rise in aquaculture in seasonal floodplain water-bodies in the last two decades. This trend began attracting the attention of academia and policymakers since the late 2000s (Gregory et al., 2007;Toufique and Gregory, 2008;Belton et al., 2011;Haque et al., 2011;Sultana, 2012;Joffre and Sheriff, 2011;Dey et al., 2005Dey et al., , 2013FRSS, 2013;Bayazid, 2016), although studies have reported the simple stocking-based rise of harvested fish from floodplains since 1988-89 (Ahmed, 1999;Islam, 1999). While floodplains contain the largest area of inland waterbodies, at 2.8 million ha, only 140,000 ha of this is currently under aquaculture practice (FRSS, 2017). ...
... Through its participation, the NGO also modernized the earlier management system and demonstrated its successful application in larger waterbodies involving large number of stakeholders. Because of such role this management system was frequently associated with SHISUK in many previous studies (Gregory et al., 2007;Toufique and Gregory, 2008;Belton et al., 2011;Khan, 2015;Dey et al., 2013). In any case, SHISUK gradually expanded its FPA programme by forming more NGO-collaborated FPAs (NFPAs), first in the Daudkandi region and then in other parts of the country. ...
... Given the protein linkage, albeit not necessarily micronutrient linkage Bogard et al., 2015), and the mitigating role of aquaculture in the wake of the sharp decline in capture fishery , along with FPAs being one of the fastest growing aquaculture niches, it may be time for the government to consider efficiency-related aspects-in addition to the usual growthrelated emphasis-in its policy formulation. In addition, aquaculture in rice fields also reported to contribute positively in rice productivity in Bangladesh (Joffre and Sheriff, 2011) and in the Daudkandi region by Gregory et al. (2007). However, both these reports are based on anecdotal information provided by farmers. ...
This study measures efficiency of collective floodplain aquaculture enterprises (FPAs) practiced in floodplains composed of private lands in Bangladesh using data envelopment analysis (DEA). We concentrate on a management system that was initially developed by landowners in the Daudkandi sub-district in 1984. With gradual spread of this management system two important internal variations have emerged in terms of (1) organizational composition that resulted from the investment-based participation of an NGO, and (2) mode of managing aquaculture operation that resulted from leasing out the aquaculture operation instead managing it by themselves in some FPAs. Taking consideration of these two variations, and using four inputs and one output, we measure the technical, scale, mix and overall efficiency of 15 FPAs selected from five districts. While 11 FPAs are technically efficient, only six are overall efficient. On average, NGO-collaborated FPAs (NFPAs) are more efficient (78.27%) than landowners-managed independent FPAs (IFPAs) (75.96%). However, IFPAs are only found in the Daudkandi region, where there are more efficient IFPAs than NFPAs. On the other hand, while lease-based operations show better average efficiency (79.56%), self-managed operations have more efficient units. We also find that the intensive use of inputs in most older FPAs does not make them more efficient, despite their higher fish yield, than relatively newer FPAs. Given the poverty, food security and nutrition linkage of floodplain aquaculture and continuous attempts to increase fish yield, the FPAs along with development partners and government agencies, should take account of efficiency-related aspects in policies and practice.
... The Daudkandi model of community floodplain aquaculture in Bangladesh 871 might affect these past users. The nature and scope of this exclusion has not been properly studied, though mentioned with emphasis in some studies (Gregory et al. 2007;Toufique and Gregory 2008). At the same time, some general villagers emphasized that the poor section of the community are receiving some trickledown benefits through employment or working as labour at the FPA, and/or engaging in some forward or backward linkage services and supplies, or through overall increased affluence of the community. ...
... Matching of overall benefits and costs: The principle of congruence, along with all other design principles, has been elaborated with considerable issues and nuances over the years since their original formulation in 1990 (Ostrom 2009;Cox et al. 2010). The overall profitability of the FPAs, including Pankowri Fisheries Ltd., under the Daudkandi model was not part of the present inquiry as that has been found to be considerably high in other studies (Gregory et al. 2007;Toufique and Gregory 2008;Mustafa and Brooks 2009). However, the issue of congruence between ecology or biodiversity or overall local environment and the FPA management is something which requires prolonged engagement in the field which was not available for this study. ...
Floodplain water-bodies are one of the major common-pool resources (CPRs) of Bangladesh and constitute more than fifty percent of inland open water bodies. Throughout the British colonial period, Pakistani rule and the first one and half decades of independent Bangladesh, a majority of inland water-bodies remained under direct government management, though the floodplains, by getting heavily inundated during the monsoon, turn into an open access resource. In the mid-1980s, co-management was introduced on a small scale with the help of NGOs as providers of management styles and credit to communities of fishers or villagers. NGOs also got involved in floodplain water-bodies and came up with different models of user-managed fishery bodies. This paper examines a specific management system of community-governed floodplain aquaculture (FPA) known as the Daudkandi model, developed by a local NGO in the Daudkandi sub-district of the Comilla district. Applying the design principles developed by Ostrom (1990) characterizing long surviving successful user-managed commonpool resource institutions, this paper explores the rules devised by partners in the management of a FPA under the Daudkandi model. Though the FPA management model is relatively new (i.e. it has been adopted in 1996) it has been found to follow the design principles in devising its management rules. However, because of its unique features in terms of seasonality, the NGO-community partnership, the exclusion of past users, and numerous replications, the future of the model as a CPR governance system holds many challenges and deserves a continuous research focus. © 2016, Igitur, Utrecht Publishing and Archiving Services. All rights reserved.
... The areas enclosed are typically in the range of 50100 ha in size. The production from floodplain aquaculture is usually in the range of 1-3 t/ha/year; approximately ten times the natural productivity of most unstocked floodplains ( Gregory et al., 2007). ...
... The enclosure of areas of floodplain which were previously open access resources whilst submerged during the monsoon season is also reported to have reduced or prevented traditional foraging activities such as subsistence fishing. There are also some concerns as to the implications of the impoundment of water and the stocking of nonnative fish species on biodiversity ( Gregory et al., 2007). Although there are therefore some reservations relating to the distribution of benefits from FPA, significant localized economic activity has also been created. ...
... Although there are therefore some reservations relating to the distribution of benefits from FPA, significant localized economic activity has also been created. According to Gregory et al. (2007) a group of enterprises that includes nursery ponds to rear and sell fingerlings to projects, feed and fertilizer shops providing inputs on credit and producing pelleted feed, transport (trucks and vans) to carry fish to local and city markets, and several ice factories have been established in the Daudkhandi area as a result. Locally significant employment has also been created in embankment construction and maintenance, and fish harvesting, and the presence of large embankments has facilitated increased transport and movement of people. ...
Fish play a crucial role in the Bangladeshi diet, providing more than 60% of animal source food, representing a crucial source of micro-nutrients, and possessing an extremely strong cultural attachment. Fish (including shrimp and prawn) is the second most valuable agricultural crop, and its production contributes to the livelihoods and employment of millions. The culture and consumption of fish therefore has important implications for national food and nutrition security, poverty and growth. This review examines the current state of knowledge on the aquaculture sector and fish consumption in Bangladesh, based on extensive analysis of secondary sources (including unpublished data unavailable elsewhere), consultation with various experts and specially conducted surveys.
Very rapid developments are widely believed to have occurred within Bangladesh's aquaculture sector in re-cent years, but have yet to be adequately documented. This paper addresses the information gap based on a comprehensive review of literature and data. The current status of pond based aquaculture in Bangladesh is summarized in terms of the quantities and species of fish produced and the technical and social characteris-tics of the production systems from which they originate. The main systems of pond aquaculture practiced in Bangladesh are analyzed, paying particular attention to the technical, social and economic characteristics of two dominant forms of production. These are categorized here as homestead pond culture (carp dominated low intensity production conducted on a semi-subsistence basis, requiring limited management, labor and capital investment) and entrepreneurial pond culture (semi-intensive or intensive culture entered into as a productive investment with moderate or high capital costs and frequently employing labor). An estimate of national fish production and consumption disaggregated by culture system is presented. The discussion section synthesizes these results and considers their present and future implications.
