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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops consumed by more than half of the world’s population. To estimate the level of genetic variability, association of grain yield with other traits as well as direct and indirect effects of yield attributing traits on lowland rice genotypes. A field experiment was conducted using thirty-...
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... The mean annual rainfall is 1216 mm [61] and mean monthly values vary between 0.6 mm (January) and 415.8 mm (July). The mean monthly temperature of the woreda is about 19 • C while the range runs about 10.7 • C-27.3 • C [62]. Fluvisols and vertisols are the dominant soil types of the woreda [63]. ...
Effective adaptation to flooding risk depends on careful identification and combinations of strategies which, in turn, depends on knowledge of the determinants of flood adaptation. The main objective of this study was to examine the determinants of rural households’ intensity of flood adaptation in the Fogera rice plain, Ethiopia. A three-stage stratified sampling technique was employed to select 337 sample household heads. Primary data was collected through a structured household survey. Data analysis was accompanied by a descriptive and generalised Poisson regression (GP) model. The descriptive analysis showed that households adopted an average of three (3) flood adaptation strategies. The generalised Poisson regression further revealed that family size, availability of off-farm income, previous flood experience, access to credit, access to extension services, and an early warning information system statistically significantly increase flood adaptation strategies’ average number (intensity). However, the age of the household head negatively and significantly influences the intensity of flood adaptation. More specifically, households with off-farm income, previous flood experience, access to credit, access to extension, and an early warning information system were 20%, 94%, 13%, 30%, and 29% more likely to adopt more flood adaptation strategies, respectively. The findings call for immediate response and coordination among stakeholders to design strategies that enhance households’ livelihood, access to credit, access to extension services, and early warning information systems for effective flood adaptation in the study area.
The rice production in Ethiopia is less than the world’s average due to the lack of varieties with high yield potential. Evaluation of genetic variability is important in the rice breeding program for the production of high yielding varieties. A study was conducted at Pawe Agricultural Research Center in July 2020/21 using 70 genotypes of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) to evaluate the genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance among morphological, yield-related and quality parameters. Alpha lattice experimental design with two replications and seven blocks was used. There was a highly significant difference (P < .001) and high diversity among the genotypes for both quantitative and qualitative parameters. The range of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variance was 6.1% to 44.51% and 6.5% to 45.81%, respectively. Broad sense heritability was high for all traits. Genetic advance as percent of the mean ranged from 11.02% to 89.07%. For stand count, plant height, productive tillers, filled grain/panicle, thousand grain weight, grain yield, biomass yield and harvest index, high heritability with high genetic advance as percent of the mean were noted. Hence, these traits could be used as selection criteria for indirect selections of genotypes for yield improvement. Based on yield performance and other relevant features, the best genotypes were determined to be G5, G7, G9, G12, G21, and G65. The findings of this study indicated the existence of sufficient variability among the genotypes; hence, there is a high possibility of obtaining promising genotypes for the next breeding programs.
The present study was carried out at the Bagusala farm, M. S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha in Rabi, 2020 with twenty one genotypes comprising nineteen traditional rice varieties and two checks to examine the nature of associations between yield and yield attributing characters. The characters association at both the genotypic and phenotypic level for grain yield per hill and its component characters revealed that the grain yield per hill exhibited highly significant positive phenotypic association with traits number of filled spikelets per panicle (0.675**), number of spikelets per panicle (0.72**), percentage of filled grain per panicle (0.09**), days to 50% flowering (0.495**), 1000-grain weight (0.493**), straw yield per hill (0.412**) and starch content (0.375**). The characters like plant height, flag leaf area, number of tillers per hill and protein content showed significant to highly significant negative association with grain yield per hill. Path coefficient analysis at phenotypic level showed that the character 1000-grain weight (0.538) exhibited highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant followed by number of filled spikelets per panicle (0.420), protein content (0.327), number of spikelet per panicle (0.317), number of panicles per hill (0.127), straw yield per hill (0.094), number of tillers per hill (0.02), and days to 50% flowering (0.057). Therefore direct selection for these characters will be rewarding.
