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Light micrographs of mitotic metaphase chromosomes prepared from different populations of Achillea biebersteinii. A, Population No. 1 with chromosome number 2n=2x=18; B, Population No. 2 with chromosome number 2n=2x=18. C-N, The populations 3-8 with two different chromosome numbers 2n=2x=18 and 2n=4x=36. Arrow indicated B-chromosomes or satelites chromosomes in the figures. Bar in all figures= 5μm.
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Chromosome counting was performed in nine populations of Achillea tenuifolia Lam and eight populations of A. bieberestinii Afan (Asteraceae) collected from Hamedan and Kermanshah provinces in the west of Iran. Chromosome numbers in both species varied from 2n=2x=18 to 2n=4x=36. Some populations of both species showed (2n=4x=36) chromosome number th...
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Context 1
... counts were performed for the 8 populations of this species. Members of two populations, belonging to this species, showed chromosome number 2n=2x=18 (Fig. 2 A, B and Table 1). One population was collected from Assadabad in the west of Hamedan province and other one collected from Ganjnameh area near the Hamedan city. In the other six populations two chromosome numbers (2n=2x=18 and 2n=4x=36) were observed at the same time ( Fig. 2 and Table 1). Finding the chromosome number 2n=2x=18 ...
Context 2
... belonging to this species, showed chromosome number 2n=2x=18 (Fig. 2 A, B and Table 1). One population was collected from Assadabad in the west of Hamedan province and other one collected from Ganjnameh area near the Hamedan city. In the other six populations two chromosome numbers (2n=2x=18 and 2n=4x=36) were observed at the same time ( Fig. 2 and Table 1). Finding the chromosome number 2n=2x=18 confirmed the earlier reports (Morton 1981;Sheidai et al., 2009), and the chromosome number 2n=4x=36 for this species confirms the unique earlier report (Efimov 1998), but is opposite with the other report of chromosome number 2n=28 (Efimov 2005). Studies showed that polyploidy is ...
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Citations
... Squashes were made in 45 % acetic acid. Photographs were taken using a Zeiss Axiostar microscope (Germany) with a Canon G11 digital camera (Japan) [23]. ...
Abstract Comparative karyotype analysis of related
species and populations has been used to describe patterns
of chromosomal evolution within a group. In order to
investigate cytogenetic variation in Achillea biebresteinii,
root meristem zone of nine populations were removed and
prepared using squash method. Image analysis system and
Micro-measure software were implanted to karyotype
providing cytogenetic parameter measurements. Although
all the populations have the diploid chromosome number
(2n = 18) and the haploid number (x = 9), but they could
be differentiated by their karyotype formula and quantitative
parameters of the karyotypes. Phenetic distance and
principal component analysis showed that they could be
classified in four clusters (groups). The mean chromosome
length ranged from 3.82 (±0.48) to 7.77 (±0.12) lm. The
chromosome types were detected as mostly metacentric
(m) and submetacentric (sm), showing the karyotype formula
of 18m (two populations), 16m ? 2sm (five populations),
14m ? 4sm (one population) and 2M ? 14m ?
2sm (one population). The karyotypes of the populations
are almost similar. According to Stebbins’, the populations
are classified to symmetric classes of 1A and 2A.
Biljke iz roda Achillea (familija Compositae) obiluju biološki aktivnim sastojcima, međukojima su najvažnija flavonoidna jedinjenja. Flavonoidi su sekundarni metaboliti kojisu široko zastupljeni u biljnom svijetu i imaju različite funkcije u metabolizmu biljaka.U ovom radu su dati rezultati istraživanja biološke aktivnosti najvažnijih flavonoidnihjedinjenja prisutnih u biljkama roda Achillea među kojima su najzastupljeniji apigenin,luteolin i kvercetin, te njihovi glukozidi. Među flavonoidnim heterozidima pronađenisu monoglukozidi (uglavnom O-glukozidi, C-glukozidi i O-glukuronidi) i diglukozidi(O-diglukozidi, C-diglukozidi, O-rutinozidi). Eksperimenti su pokazali da flavonoidipronađeni u biljkama ovog roda imaju širok spektar bioloških aktivnosti. Istraživanjesprovedeno na terminalnom ileumu zamorčeta je pokazalo spazmolitičku aktivnostapigenina, luteolina i kvercetina. Dokazano je da apigenin i luteolin imaju estrogenuaktivnost, a značajno je i antidijabetičko djelovanje luteolina usljed inhibicije enzimaα-glukozidaze. Na različitim ćelijskim linijama karcinoma je dokazano da kasticin icentaureidin, takođe važni flavonoidi roda Achillea, imaju antitumorsku aktivnost, aeksperiment sproveden na pacovima je pokazao antihipertenzivno djelovanje flavonoidaartemetina. Poznato je da flavonoidi imaju antioksidativno djelovanje, a to je potvrđenoi kod vrsta roda Achillea.
