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– Leptoxyphium kurandae MCC 1085. A: apical structure; B-C: conidiophore & conidiogenous cells; D: conidia; E: conidia produced in drop of liquid at top of synnemata. Bars A-D 20 µm; E 100 µm.
Source publication
During a survey to study insect associated fungi, a sooty mould fungus, Leptoxyphium kurandae found in a gut of insect (Dusky Cotton bug) from Western Ghats, Junnar, India was isolated. It is characterized by elongated synnemata consisting of hyphae with bulbous base and at apex an open terminal funnel shaped conidiogenous zone. The hyphae composed...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... bulbous base brown 25.1-39.5 × 25.6-28.1 μm ; ( x = 32.7 × 26.47 µm, n = 10), cylindrical part dark olivaceous brown 23.3-67.7 × 11.8-23.3 μm ; ( x = 44.8 × 15.5 µm, n = 10), and after 3 months (Fig. 2D) 518.1-1278 × 9.57-12.83 μm ; ( x = 840.2 ×13.3 µm, n = 10), hyphal apex 22.3-65.7 × 19-68.9 μm ; ( x = 44.2 × 38.3 µm, n = 10), Conidiophores (Fig. 1A-C) subcylindrical to subulate, 0-2-septate, 3.5-29.6 × 1.0-3.3 μm ; ( x = 15.8 × 1.8 µm, n = 15), tightly aggregated in apical part of synnemata. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, terminal, phialidic, 1.4-5.1 × 0.5-2.1 μm ; ( x = 2.4 × 1.0 µm, n = 10), tapering, with parallel to wall and visible collarette. Conidia (Fig. 1D) broadly ...
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... n = 10), Conidiophores (Fig. 1A-C) subcylindrical to subulate, 0-2-septate, 3.5-29.6 × 1.0-3.3 μm ; ( x = 15.8 × 1.8 µm, n = 15), tightly aggregated in apical part of synnemata. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, terminal, phialidic, 1.4-5.1 × 0.5-2.1 μm ; ( x = 2.4 × 1.0 µm, n = 10), tapering, with parallel to wall and visible collarette. Conidia (Fig. 1D) broadly ellipsoid with rounded ends, 0-1 septate, eguttulate, hyaline, smooth, 4.1-11.7 × 1.3-3.9 μm ; ( x = 6.8 × 2.2 µm, n = 50), aggregating at apex of synnemata in drop of liquid (Fig. ...
Context 3
... cells intercalary, terminal, phialidic, 1.4-5.1 × 0.5-2.1 μm ; ( x = 2.4 × 1.0 µm, n = 10), tapering, with parallel to wall and visible collarette. Conidia (Fig. 1D) broadly ellipsoid with rounded ends, 0-1 septate, eguttulate, hyaline, smooth, 4.1-11.7 × 1.3-3.9 μm ; ( x = 6.8 × 2.2 µm, n = 50), aggregating at apex of synnemata in drop of liquid (Fig. ...
Citations
... Where there was a relationship between sooty mould and extrafloral nectarines (Park et al. 2014 andChoi et al. 2015). Interestingly, L. kurandea was recovered from the gut of an insect (dusky cotton bug) from India (Kajale et al. 2015). Therefore, it can be assumed that the members of the genus Leptoxyphium are not hostspecific. ...
... Therefore, it can be assumed that the members of the genus Leptoxyphium are not hostspecific. Whereas, six species of the genus Leptoxyphium have been recorded in India on many crops such as; L. axillatum, L. bahiense, L. fumago, L. graminum, L. longispora and L. zeae (Kajale et al. 2015). L. madagascariense Cheewangkoon & Crous has also been described from the island of Madagascar, on E.camaldulensis leaves (Cheewangkoon et al. 2009). ...
... PCR amplification was performed by targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using the universal primer set as ITS 1 (5′-TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G-3′) and ITS 2 (5′-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3′) [28]. PCR conditions included initial denaturation at 94 °C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 55 °C for 1 min, extension at 72 °C for 1 min followed by final polymerization at 72 °C for 10 min and hold at 20 °C [29]. The amplified PCR products were purified using the Rapid Tip kit (Diffinity Genomics) and sequenced using the 3730xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA). ...
Mountain biodiversity is under unparalleled pressure due to climate change, necessitating in‑depth research on high‑altitude
plant’s microbial associations which are crucial for plant survival under stress conditions. Realizing that high‑altitude tree line
species of Himalaya are completely unexplored with respect to the microbial association, the present study aimed to elucidate
plant growth promoting and secondary metabolite producing potential of culturable endophytic fungi of Himalayan silver
birch (Betula utilis D. Don). ITS region sequencing revealed that the fungal isolates belong to Penicillium species, Pezicula
radicicola, and Paraconiothyrium archidendri. These endophytes were psychrotolerant in nature with the potential to produce
extracellular lytic activities. The endophytes showed plant growth promoting (PGP) traits like phosphorus solubilization and
production of siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA), and ACC deaminase. The fungal extracts also exhibited antagonistic
potential against bacterial pathogens. Furthermore, the fungal extracts were found to be a potential source of bioactive com‑
pounds including the host‑specific compound—betulin. Inoculation with fungal suspension improved seed germination and biomass of soybean and maize crops under net house conditions. In vitro PGP traits of the endophytes, supported by net house experiments, indicated that fungal association may support the growth and survival of the host in extreme cold conditions.
All through the occurrence of Rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin) infestation in coconut gardens from ICAR-CPCRI, Kayamkulam Regional station, Kerala that commenced during late 2017, a close association of a sooty mould fungus, with the insect feeding was found that was responsible for the cosmetic damage on palm leaflets as well as intercrops grown within the coconut gardens. The fungus was isolated and studied the morphological and molecular character for identification. The vegetative hyphae consist of cylindrical shaped cells having constrictions at the septum and a thick mucilaginous layer covering the cells. The long synnemata originates from the vegetative hyphae which has a bulbous base and funnel-shaped conidiomata at the apex. Conidiomata contains innumerous single celled round to oval shaped conidia. Based on the morphological studies and molecular characterization of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, the fungus was identified as Leptoxyphium sp., a sooty mold not previously reported from coconut gardens. A classical association of a Leiochrinid beetle devouring sooty mold fungus from palm leaflets was also observed.
This is the sixth in a series of papers where we bring collaborating mycologists together to produce a set of notes of several taxa of fungi. In this study we introduce a new family Fuscostagonosporaceae in Dothideomycetes. We also introduce the new ascomycete genera Acericola, Castellaniomyces, Dictyosporina and Longitudinalis and new species Acericola italica, Alternariaster trigonosporus, Amarenomyces dactylidis, Angustimassarina coryli, Astrocystis bambusicola, Castellaniomyces rosae, Chaetothyrina artocarpi, Chlamydotubeufia krabiensis, Colletotrichum lauri, Collodiscula chiangraiensis, Curvularia palmicola, Cytospora mali-sylvestris, Dictyocheirospora cheirospora, Dictyosporina ferruginea, Dothiora coronillae, Dothiora spartii, Dyfrolomyces phetchaburiensis, Epicoccum cedri, Epicoccum pruni, Fasciatispora calami, Fuscostagonospora cytisi, Grandibotrys hyalinus, Hermatomyces nabanheensis, Hongkongmyces thailandica, Hysterium rhizophorae, Jahnula guttulaspora, Kirschsteiniothelia rostrata, Koorchalomella salmonispora, Longitudinalis nabanheensis, Lophium zalerioides, Magnibotryascoma mali, Meliola clerodendri-infortunati, Microthyrium chinense, Neodidymelliopsis moricola, Neophaeocryptopus spartii, Nigrograna thymi, Ophiocordyceps cossidarum, Ophiocordyceps issidarum, Ophiosimulans plantaginis, Otidea pruinosa, Otidea stipitata, Paucispora kunmingense, Phaeoisaria microspora, Pleurothecium floriforme, Poaceascoma halophila, Periconia aquatica, Periconia submersa, Phaeosphaeria acaciae, Phaeopoacea muriformis, Pseudopithomyces kunmingnensis, Ramgea ozimecii, Sardiniella celtidis, Seimatosporium italicum, Setoseptoria scirpi, Torula gaodangensis and Vamsapriya breviconidiophora. We also provide an amended account of Rhytidhysteron to include apothecial ascomata and a J+ hymenium. The type species of Ascotrichella hawksworthii (Xylariales genera incertae sedis), Biciliopsis leptogiicola (Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis), Brooksia tropicalis (Micropeltidaceae), Bryochiton monascus (Teratosphaeriaceae), Bryomyces scapaniae (Pseudoperisporiaceae), Buelliella minimula (Dothideomycetes genera incertae sedis), Carinispora nypae (Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae), Cocciscia hammeri (Verrucariaceae), Endoxylina astroidea (Diatrypaceae), Exserohilum turcicum (Pleosporaceae), Immotthia hypoxylon (Roussoellaceae), Licopolia franciscana (Vizellaceae), Murispora rubicunda (Amniculicolaceae) and Doratospora guianensis (synonymized under Rizalia guianensis, Trichosphaeriaceae) were re-examined and descriptions, illustrations and discussion on their familial placement are given based on phylogeny and morphological data. New host records or new country reports are provided for Chlamydotubeufia huaikangplaensis, Colletotrichum fioriniae, Diaporthe subclavata, Diatrypella vulgaris, Immersidiscosia eucalypti, Leptoxyphium glochidion, Stemphylium vesicarium, Tetraploa yakushimensis and Xepicula leucotricha. Diaporthe baccae is synonymized under Diaporthe rhusicola. A reference specimen is provided for Periconia minutissima. Updated phylogenetic trees are provided for most families and genera. We introduce the new basidiomycete species Agaricus purpurlesquameus, Agaricus rufusfibrillosus, Lactifluus holophyllus, Lactifluus luteolamellatus, Lactifluus pseudohygrophoroides, Russula benwooii, Russula hypofragilis, Russula obscurozelleri, Russula parapallens, Russula phoenicea, Russula pseudopelargonia, Russula pseudotsugarum, Russula rhodocephala, Russula salishensis, Steccherinum amapaense, Tephrocybella constrictospora, Tyromyces amazonicus and Tyromyces angulatus and provide updated trees to the genera. We also introduce Mortierella formicae in Mortierellales, Mucoromycota and provide an updated phylogenetic tree.
Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of ‘Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’ in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the “Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi” published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis, Collophora (as Collophorina), Cryomyces, Dematiopleospora, Heterospora (as Heterosporicola), Lithophila, Palmomyces (as Palmaria) and Saxomyces are validated, as are two previously invalid family names, Bartaliniaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. Four species of Lalaria, which were invalidly published are transferred to Taphrina and validated as new combinations. Catenomycopsis Tibell & Constant. is reduced under Chaenothecopsis Vain., while Dichomera Cooke is reduced under Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not. (Art. 59).
