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Despite the efforts of the producers and all market players in the chain "from fibers to textiles" organic cotton occupies up to 1% of the cotton textiles and apparel worldwide. This paper discusses both the technological and environmental aspects of the organic cotton production. A comparison made between organic and conventional cotton length and...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... data for India, published in [7], give a possibility to compare the fiber characteristics of the cotton crops, grown organically and conventionally in different states of the country. Figure 1 shows the comparison between the fiber length (and more specific -the upper half mean length: the average length of the longer half of the fibers [8]) of conventional and organic cotton. Two values are shown for each Indian state: for conventional cotton (CC) and organic cotton (OC). ...
Context 2
... cotton fiber length. Plant's exposure to water stress, extreme temperatures, or poor soil may result in shorter fibers. However, these environmental conditions are almost equal for both organic and conventional cotton in different states in India; the conventional cotton growth is even supported by chemical fertilizers. The analysis of the graph (Fig. 1) shows, however, that the average length of the organic cotton fibers is higher than the average length of the conventional cotton fibers. The results for Odisha state are the only exception, but there the length interval of the conventional cotton is very short (31 mm minimum length and 32 mm maximum length) compared to that of the ...
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Citations
... Many materials like organic cotton, hemp are being effectively used to ensure environment protection. Since organic cotton is grown without synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, it reduces environmental impact and minimizes harm to farmers and ecosystems [59]. Moreover, unlike the conventional cotton, organic cotton remains gentle on delicate infant skin. ...
... Organic cotton from diff erent Indian states had a fi neness value of 3, while conventional cotton had a fi neness value of 5, which means it is coarser than the organic cotton fi ber. Moreover, the organic cotton fi ber with a higher maturity level undoubtedly infl uences the dyeing process angel [2,44]. Organic fi bers have more metal percentage than non-organic (conventional) cotton fi bers. ...
Cotton fiber, which is the most widely used natural fiber in the textile and paper industries, has a crucial environmental impact. Cultivation of conventional cotton consumes a lot of water and requires the usage of a higher amount of pesticides. Organic cotton is a more environmentally friendly alternative to its growing conditions. The characteristics of cotton change with the differences in growing conditions. In this study, the properties of yarns obtained from both conventionally and organically grown cotton were tested and analyzed. The properties of these yarns in the fabric structure were compared in terms of fabric performance. The produced fabrics were dyed in the cold-pad batch method with 5 different colors of reactive dyes, which are the most demanding colors in the ready-made garment industry. The physical properties and the fastness test results of the dyed organic and conventional cotton fabrics were investigated in detail to highlight the plant growing effects on the fabric behavior. Comparative color analysis and evaluation of the fabrics were made to discuss the performance of the fabrics. It is found that organically grown cotton is not only superior in quality but also has no negative eff ECT on fabric properties.
... Organic farming involves a rotational system of agriculture that replenishes and maintains soil fertility [25]. The absence of chemicals and pesticides ensures biodiversity [26]. Organic cotton farming provides the following benefits reducing the potential of global warming by 46%, acidification by 70%, soil erosion by 26%, blue water consumption by 91%, and primary energy demand by 62% [27]. ...
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the differences and similarities of organic cotton clothing (OCC) purchase behaviors of the consumers who lie at the top and the bottom of the apparel supply chain. The influences of consumers’ sustainability knowledge and social norms on consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions were examined to understand within the framework of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Sample data were collected from the United States and Bangladesh and, finally, 136 useable responses were used for the data analysis. Among the useable responses, 85 samples were from the US (containing 91.76% female participants and 4.71% male participants) and 51 responses were from the Bangladesh sample (containing 7.84% female participants and 88.24% male participants). A structural equation model was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings showed that for US consumers, sustainability knowledge was a powerful predictor of positive attitudes towards OCC, while for Bangladeshi consumers, it was not. In the context of social norms, Bangladeshi consumers demonstrated a strong positive attitudes formation whereas American consumers were found to display less strong relationships. OCC marketers and retailers should concentrate on educating consumers about the real benefits of organic cotton consumption by disseminating proper information about organic cotton fiber and its processing.
Recent challenges in research
Despite the undoubtable interest in energy conversion, thermoelectric materials can be approached from a temperature-sensitive perspective, as they can detect small thermal stimuli, such as a human touch or contact with cold/hot objects. This feature offers possibilities for different applications being one of them the integration with scalable and cost-effective, biocompatible, flexible, and lightweight thermal sensing solutions, exploring the combination of sustainable Seebeck coefficient-holding materials with printing techniques and flexible substrates.
In this work, ethyl cellulose and graphite flakes inks were optimized to be used as functional material for flexible thermal touch sensors produced by screen-printing. Graphite concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 wt% were tested, with 1, 2 and 3 printed layers on four different substrates - office paper, sticker label paper, standard cotton, and organic cotton. The conjugation of these variables was assessed in terms of printability, sheet resistance and thermoelectric response. The best electrical-thermoelectric output combination is achieved by printing 2 layers of the ink with 20 wt% of graphite on office paper substrate. Subsequently, thermal touch sensors with up to 48 thermoelectric elements were produced to increase the output voltage response (> 4.5 mV) promoted by a gloved finger touch. Fast and repeatable touch recognition was obtained in optimized devices with a signal-to-noise ratio up to 340 and rise times bellow 0.5 s. The results evidence that the screen-printed graphite-based inks are highly suitable for flexible thermoelectric sensing applications.
Cotton is the most used natural fiber in the world for the production of textiles and apparel. Nowadays, there are three different possibilities for cotton growth in the world: production of conventional, organic, or genetically modified cotton. Their influence on human health, due to the application of pesticides, is discussed. The influence of the pesticides on the environment, which, in turns, affects the human health through the water, soil, and food chain, is also discussed. The preferable cotton sector is presented, giving а chance to the customers of cotton textiles and apparel, and to assess the positive influence of the existing initiatives in the cotton field on the human health and the environment.
