Layers of the Android operating system architecture (see [27] for details).

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... architecture could be divided into 4 main layers (Fig. 1). The lowest layer is the Linux kernel, which manages all necessary device drivers, and provides abstraction mechanisms for the higher layers. The next one is the Libraries layer incorporating SQL database, website browser engine, libraries responsible for the security, among others. Runtime environment (RE) exists at the same level. It ...

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... leads to the development of an intelligent client/controller side. The SAND reference architecture is presented in Figure 1. The SAND reference architecture contains four types of components: ...

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... conducting the initial research on the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm and its implementation, an eight-element character rose was used to describe the contour of the elements, see Figure 1. Creating a string code starts from the point selected by the authors and also progresses in the chosen direction. ...

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... conducting the initial research on the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm and its implementation, an eight-element character rose was used to describe the contour of the elements, see Figure 1. For testing, a set of artificially prepared elements was used, which means that the contours do not reflect the shapes of real museum or archaeological artefacts, see Table 1. ...

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... testing, a set of artificially prepared elements was used, which means that the contours do not reflect the shapes of real museum or archaeological artefacts, see Table 1. The graphical representation of the prepared elements may create unclosed contours, which is connected with the limitations resulting from the resolution of the compass rose, see Figure 1 (the total length of vectors does not always coincide with the actual length of the element's circumference). The algorithm to compare elements in order to reduce the possibility of their erroneous bonding does not take into account two extreme vectors (first and last) from the starting point. ...

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... 8 presents several solutions that have been generated by the implementation of subsequent scenarios. It can be noted that the contours are not closed, which results directly from the adopted method of discretization elements in the form of string codes (Fig. 1). There will often be some gap resulting from the difference between the length of the real/original contour and the contour using fixed lengths of component segments. Figure 8-B (from S16 -random order, P2 = 5, P3 = 1) presents an example that constitutes the majority of those that were determined in the course of all experiments. ...

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... analysis was conducted and the results obtained are presented below. Figure 1 presents the bar plots with the percentage of familiarity and use of specific instant messaging applications by different genders. It can be noticed that there are no significant differences between men's and women's knowledge about the main instant messaging applications, but in terms of use, it can be observed that some applications such as Skype and, especially, Instagram present higher interest for women. ...

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... primary function, which is designing primers, is depicted in Figure 1. As shown, the user can modify the conditions of the process. ...

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... is based on the principle of static threshold. If the current value of acceleration in Z axis, which is perpendicular to the Earth's surface, and is corresponding to the movement of the car up or down is exceeding the threshold, as presented in the Figure 1 (red), the analyzed data point is being marked as possible road artefact. Such simple solution is highly dependent on the chosen threshold value. ...

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... Z-DIFF [12] is based on the difference between two subsequent datapoints, as presented in the Figure 1 (green). The absolute difference of raw acceleration value in the Z axis between two subsequent datapoints is being compared to the defined static threshold. ...

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... errors. A standard cellular automaton consists of a network of single cells i and is defined by a set of states and rules defining the change of state at time t depending on the cell possessed by the cell at time t-1 and the states of its neighbours. In the case of 2D cellular machines, several types of neighbourhoods can be distinguished (Fig. 1). Cellular Automata (CA) are usually described with the help of two numbers, k -which is the number of states that a cell can reach, and r -the surroundings, which specifies the distance from the cell to its nearest neighbours. The bestknown cellular automaton is Conway's Game of Life (k = 2, r = 1), thus CA Life can be represented with ...