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Larval Spodoptera frugiperda: healthy larvae (A) and larvae infected by endophytic Beauveria bassiana (B)
Source publication
Faddilah DR, Verawaty M, Herlinda S. 2022. Growth of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on young maize colonized with endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana from South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6652-6660. The aim of present research was to evaluate the seed treated effect of endophytic Beauveria b...
Similar publications
Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman. 2021. Distribution and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on maize in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2504-2511. Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a major maize pest, reportedly entering West Sumatra, Indonesia in early 2019. After a year of its...
Citations
... To prepare the colony of C. cephalonica, its larvae was fed on chicken feed and maize meal. Mass-rearing of S. frugiperda modified the method of Faddilah et al. (2022) and was carried out in the laboratory at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C) and 82 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) Light was controlled at a photoperiod of 12: 12 (light: dark) hours. Larval colonies were taken from laboratory collections that had been cultured for many generations and had been molecularly identified by Herlinda et al. (2022b). ...
Background
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a newly introduced pest that damages maize production in Indonesia. To control this pest in maize fields, better solution is to use the egg parasitoid, such as Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) , as another better option to apply topically entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of the EPF on the egg parasitoid of T. remus . The objective of this research was to evaluate susceptibility of immature T. remus to the EPFs, Beauveria bassiana , Chaetomium sp., Curvularia lunata , Penicillium citrinum , and Metarhizium anisopliae . The EPFs (1 × 10 ⁶ conidia mL ⁻¹ ) were sprayed topically on one-day-old mummies (immature T. remus ) in post-parasitism periods.
Results
The results showed that the cumulative percentage of T. remus adult emergence from the mummies treated with EPF on 11 days after treatment ranged 54–100% and was non-significantly different than those of control (untreated with EPF) (90.48%). Therefore, the immature stage of T. remus was not susceptible to the EPF topical application. The EPFs were harmless to the immature stage of T. remus. Percentage of aborted mummies (embryonic death) of T. remus after treated with the EPF was also non-significantly different than those of control. However, the EPFs could significantly affect developmental times of immatures stages of T. remus . The EPF also could shorten the adult longevity of the egg parasitoid.
Conclusions
The immature T. remus is less sensitive to the EPFs; B. bassiana , Chaetomium sp., C. lunata , P. citrinum , and M. anisopliae . It can be considered integrating the EPF with T. remus inundation in maize field. However, it is necessary to limit the topical application of the EPF to avoid negative effects on the adult longevity of the egg parasitoid. Thus, it needed to be further investigated that the application of the endophytic EPFs by inoculating the fungi within the plant tissue could be harmless to the egg parasitoids.
... The endophytic fungus B. bassiana can be inoculated into plants by seed treatment, sprayed on the leaves and watered on the roots to colonize the leaves, stems, or roots of plants (Bamisile et al., 2018). In the seed treatment, colonization of endophytic fungi occurred 7 to 14 days after inoculation and could colonize 80-100% of young leaf tissue (Faddilah et al., 2022). Endophytic fungi can survive within plant tissues for more than 14 days after inoculation on corn leaves, stems, and roots (Russo et al., 2021). ...
... Furthermore, abnormal or malformed pupae and adults can also be caused by endophytic fungus (Herlinda et al., 2022a). Efficacy testing of endophytic fungi against S. frugiperda larvae was conducted in the laboratory (Faddilah et al., 2022;Herlinda et al., 2022a;Lestari et al., 2022). Endophytic fungi not only inhibit insect pests but also promote plant growth (Liu et al., 2022). ...
Spodoptera frugiperda damage in South Sumatra reached 100%. Biological control of S. frugiperda using entomopathogenic fungi has been widely practiced. This study aimed to determine S. frugiperda larval abundance and infestation in maize inoculated with endophytic entomopathogenic fungi. The three fungal isolates used in the current study consisted of one species of Beauveria bassiana (isolate code: JgSPK), one species of Penicillium citrinum (isolate code: JaTpOi (2)) and one species of Metarhizium anisopliae (isolate code: CaTpPga). Egg and larval, incidence and severity of S. frugiferda infestation were observed. All endophytic entomopathogenic fungal isolates could siginifcantly decrease the incidence and severity caused by S. frugiperda larvae. Corn seeds treated with endophytic entomopathogenic fungi did not affect the population of eggs and larvae. Fluctuations of the egg and larval population tended to be influenced by corn age.
