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In the present study, soil loss in Nagpur district of Maharashtra is predicted employing USLE method and adopting integrated
analysis in GIS to prioritise the tahsils for soil conservation and for delineation of suitable conservation units. Remote
sensing techniques are applied to delineate the land cover of the district and to arrive at annual cov...
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... hills and ridges in the north and western parts have altitude between 500 to 623 m. The slope length varies between 75 to 158 m and Topographic factor of the district ranges from 0.17 to 19.97 (Fig. 2). Major area has LS factor of 0.17, the hilly areas in the westem parts have LS factor From the land cover of the district classified from IRS data (Fig. 3) ...
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Soil erosion is a threat to the economy of countries whose economy is dependent on agriculture. It is very difficult to stop the soil erosion; however, if the causes of soil erosion and the quantum of it are calculated then with few appropriate soil conservation measures it can be reduced. This study is an attempt to estimate soil erosion by Revise...
Citations
... In recent decades, research communities across the globe have mainly focused on estimating soil erosion and sediment yield in river basins using remote sensing and GIS techniques (Issaka and Ashraf, 2017). The conventional soil erosion assessment method requires more time and money, especially when the study area is large, like a district block (Srinivas et al., 2002;Jiang et al., 2015;Karamage et al., 2017). Here, effective modeling aided with remote sensing and GIS can provide useful information about the current erosional processes and future predictions. ...
Soil erosion is a serious issue, causing loss of agricultural productivity, increase in sediment deposit in the riverbeds, and damage to the ecological balance of the affected areas. Proper assessment of the rate of soil erosion is essential for the management of natural resources. The present study employs GIS-based RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model for the estimation of annual soil loss in Majuli River Island of Assam, India. To identify the soil erosion susceptible areas, annual average rainfall, soil properties, topographic characteristics, and LULC were taken as inputs. The result revealed that annual soil loss of the study area ranges between 0 to 711 t ha−1 yr−1, with a mean annual soil loss of 23.02 t ha−1 yr−1. The entire region was classified into six soil loss severity classes, around 90 % of the area was found to be very slightly affected (< 5 t ha−1 yr−1) by soil erosion, around 5 % slightly affected (5 – 10 t ha−1 yr−1), roughly 3% moderately affected (10 – 20 t ha−1 yr−1), around 1% moderate high (20 – 40 t ha−1 yr−1), nearly 0.3 % area affected severely (40 -80 t ha−1 yr−1) and very severely affected areas (> 80 t ha−1 yr−1) contributes 0.1 %. A total of six priority levels of conservation were demarcated village-wise, priority level I requires immediate attention, and so on. The outcome of the research can help in the effective implementation of conservation and management practices to check soil erosion in the study area.
Keywords: Soil erosion, RUSLE, Remote sensing, GIS, Majuli Island.
... Recent advances in geospatial technology provide an improvement over conventional methods and give effective solutions towards monitoring, analysing and managing earth resources. The geospatial data, DEM, GIS and RUSLE together form a very effective method for soil erosion estimation and have been successfully utilized by many researchers (Srinivas et al. 2002;Baby and Nair 2016). ...
Soil is an integral part of Earth’s ecosystem. Topographic and climatic factors play an important role in influencing the complex process of soil erosion. Lithological formation, elevation, slope steepness, soil texture, land-use and land-cover constitute the primary topographic factors and rainfall constitutes the major climatic factor. Soil erosion in India's semiarid regions results in soil fertility loss as well as a slew of other significant environmental consequences, posing a threat to the region's long-term agricultural production and river health. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographic Information System (GIS) constitute a very successful technique to assess soil erosion. The present study assessed soil erosion, specific sediment yield and quantified the yearly rate of soil loss in the ravine infested Kunwari River basin, a part of the Yamuna-Chambal Badlands region, India. RUSLE model, integrated with geospatial techniques is useful for soil loss estimation, prioritization of sub basins and their implications on land use in this ravine infested area. Rainfall, soil, satellite imagery, and DEM data derived the model factors. The annual estimated soil loss varied from 0 to 176.9 42 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ with a total annual soil loss of 4,260,929.52 t year⁻¹ and a mean soil loss of 6.42 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ from the entire catchment. The result shows the annual average sediment yield is 1.22 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and the total volume of the sediment yield for Kunwari basin is 8,09,576.61 t year⁻¹. Since the bulk of the area has rugged and dissected, the topographical factors play a major role in the results which shows higher rates of soil erosion. The result of sub-basin prioritization indicates that sub-basin Sb 5, Sb 8 and Sb 9 are found to be under the high priority zone. The findings of the study based on RUSLE and GIS offer a precise appraisal of soil loss, identifying the priority areas which can be helpful in designing and executing effected policies for sustainable soil management practice to prevent soil erosion.
... Numerous models for estimating water erosion have been developed in recent decades. The USLE, which is an empirical model, is the most widely used among sheet and rill erosion prediction models (Sepuru & Dube, 2018;Srinivas et al., 2002;Vrieling, 2006). This model is characterized by its simplicity and has the advantage of generating erosion estimates at various measurement scales (Fistikoglu & Harmancioglu, 2002;Gitas et al., 2009;Pham et al., 2018). ...
Algeria is one of the countries affected by water erosion. This phenomenon removes the top layer and leads to a degraded soil. This study includes an estimation of water erosion in Wadi El Hachem watershed using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model combined with geographical information system and remote sensing techniques. The average erosion rate (A) in the watershed is estimated at 19.4 (t.ha−1.year−1), i.e., a total loss of 426,800 (t.year−1). The areas with severe and extremely severe erosion are predominantly located along the different Wadis of the watershed. While very slight and slight erosion are taking place in the depressions and flat lands and in the upstream boundaries of the watershed where mountains are permanently covered by vegetation. The correlation between (A) and the factors of topography (LS), rainfall erosivity (R) and cover management (C) is highly significant (p < 0.01) with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.999, 0.988 and 0.980, respectively. The validation of the results by comparing the average soil loss derived from the empirical model of the USLE to the average siltation rate of the Boukourdane’s dam gave satisfactory results with difference of 7.6 (t.ha−1.year−1) compared to the measured data. Consequently, the methodology adopted for our study produced results that were close to reality with an acceptable error rate in the context of our study. These outcomes can clearly help to implement conservation plans of water and soil to reduce erosion in Wadi El Hachem watershed. This approach could be extrapolated in other regions with similar biophysical and climatic characteristics of North Africa and the Mediterranean region.
... Nowadays, developing countries, including India, face the massive issue of soil erosion, mainly caused by raindrop splash energy (Toubal et al. 2018), and various anthropogenic activities (Markose and Jayappa 2016). According to Kumar et al. (2008), water is the primary soil erosion causing agent (Lal and Stewart 1990;Pimentel et al. 1995;Pimentel and Kounang 1998;Prasannakumar et al. 2012;Toubal et al. 2018) rather than geology of the surface (Srinivas et al. 2002). There are severe consequences of soil erosion at global extent like degradation of top fertile soil (da Cunha et al. 2017;Moges and Bhat 2017;Wachal et al. 2009), reduction in soil fertility, soil compaction, eutrophication (Jiang et al. 2015;Pan and Wen 2014), and groundwater contamination (Kouli et al. 2009). ...
... By the conventional method, assessment of soil erosion requires more time and funds, especially for a vast study area like a district block (Karamage et al. 2017;Srinivas et al. 2002;Jiang et al. 2015). The recorded data on rainfall, slope, crop, soil, etc., cannot be used for the large area; however, by systematic field and surveys, resource information of required parameters may be collected (Jiang et al. 2015;Srinivas et al. 2002). ...
... By the conventional method, assessment of soil erosion requires more time and funds, especially for a vast study area like a district block (Karamage et al. 2017;Srinivas et al. 2002;Jiang et al. 2015). The recorded data on rainfall, slope, crop, soil, etc., cannot be used for the large area; however, by systematic field and surveys, resource information of required parameters may be collected (Jiang et al. 2015;Srinivas et al. 2002). In 1968 Wischmeier and Smith has given the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model to predict soil losses from cropland which became much more popular throughout the world (Bhattarai and Dutta 2007;Demirci and Karaburun 2012;Kouli et al. 2009). ...
The agricultural land of the whole world is deteriorating due to the loss of top fertile soil reducing agricultural productivity and groundwater availability. Mainly, natural conditions and human manipulations have made soils extremely prone to soil erosion. Therefore, information on soil erosion status is of paramount importance to the policymakers for land conservation planning in a limited time. Spatial information systems like GIS and RS are known for their efficiencies. With that prospect, the GIS-based RUSLE model is used in this study to assess the soil erosion losses from Bhandara regions of Maharashtra, India. The study area comes under Wainganga sub-river basin, a portion of the Godavari River basin. We have prepared the required five potential parameters (R*K*LS*C*P) of RUSLE model on pixel-to-pixel basis. We have prepared the R factor map from monthly rainfall data of Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and K factor map by digital the soil series map of NBSS & LUP, Govt. of India. We have used the digital elevation model data (DEM) of Cartosat-1 for LS-factor map, Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2A satellite dataset to generate LULC and NDVI map to obtain C and P factors. The results and satellite data were validated using Google Earth Pro and field observations. The results showed significant soil erosion from the river banks and wastelands near water bodies, with the soil loss values ranging between 20 and 40 t ha−1 yr−1. The land under reserved forest was very slight erosion-prone soil with soil loss of < 5 t ha−1 yr−1, but few water bodies in forest land have resulted in more than 40 t ha−1 yr−1. Some steep sloppy land near the riverbank showed soil erosion loss ranging from 44.37 to 241.03 t ha−1 yr−1 due to higher water forces, most minor vegetation, high steep slopes, and sandy loam soils. The spatial techniques used for assessing soil erosion in the study area will be helpful for decision-makers and planners to take appropriate land management measures to counter the soil loss and protect the natural environment. Thus, the GIS-based RUSLE model is a convenient, time-efficient, and cost-effective tool to evaluate and map soil erosion on a pixel-to-pixel basis.
... Recent advances in geospatial technology provide an improvement over conventional methods and give effective solutions towards monitoring, analysing and managing earth resources. The geospatial data, DEM, GIS and RUSLE together form a very effective method for soil erosion estimation and have been successfully utilized by many researchers (Srinivas et al. 2002;Baby and Nair 2016). ...
Abstract
Soil is an integral part of Earth’s ecosystem, it’s a complex process and has been influenced mainly by topographic and climatic factors. Lithological formation, elevation and slope steepness, soil textures, land-use, and land-cover are the major topographic factors whereas rainfall forms the main climatic factor. Soil erosion in India's semiarid regions results in soil fertility loss as well as a slew of other significant environmental consequences, posing a threat to the region's long-term agricultural production and water quality. The present study assessed soil erosion, specific sediment yield and quantified the annual soil loss rate in the ravine infested Kunwari river basin a life line of populated Bhind area of Madhya Pradesh, India. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model, has been used in conjunction with Geographical Information System, for soil loss estimation, prioritization of sub basins and their implications on land use in this ravine affected area. Rainfall, soil, satellite image, and digital elevation model data were used to derive the model factors. The annual estimated soil loss varied from 0 – 176.9 42 t ha-1year-1 with a mean soil loss of 6.42 t ha-1year-1 and the total annual soil loss of 4260929.52 t year-1 from the entire catchment. The result shows the annual average sediment yield is 1.22 t ha-1year-1 and the total volume of the sediment yield for the basin is 809576.61 t year-1. Since the bulk of the area is rugged and dissected, the topographical factors play a major role in results which shows higher rates of soil erosion. The result of sub-basin prioritization indicates sub-basin Sb 5, Sb 9 and Sb8 are found to be under the high priority zone. It is concluded to sum up based on the results that soil loss is more prevalent in the southern half of the basin. The findings of the study based on RUSLE and GIS provides a precise estimation of soil loss, identifying the priority areas which can be helpful in effective planning and execution of sustainable soil management practice to prevent soil erosion
Key words: Kunwari Basin, soil erosion, RUSLE, GIS, erosivity, soil erodibility
... According to the database that we prepared, which consists of research articles published in journals indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus or Scimago databases, as well as theses and conference papers, the USLE is by far the most used soil erosion model in India, with 115 applications between 1991 and 2020 (see Tables S1 and S2 in the Supplementary Information file). It has been applied to estimate soil erosion rates at all spatial scales ranging from an open pit mine (Nigam et al., 2017) and large river basins (Karan et al., 2019;Bhattacharya et al., 2020aBhattacharya et al., , 2020b to districts (Srinivas et al., 2002;Thelkar et al., 2019), states (Mandal and Sharda, 2011a;Mahapatra et al., 2018) and the entire country (Singh et al., 1992;Maji et al., 2008;. Its temporal applications have been just as diverse, ranging from individual rainstorms (Kothyari and Jain, 1997;Jain and Kothyari, 2000) to decadal and centennial erosion projections with respect to climate change scenarios (Mondal et al., 2015(Mondal et al., , 2016aGupta and Kumar, 2017;Khare et al., 2017;Pal and Chakrabortty, 2019;Chakrabortty et al., 2020). ...
... Ambika watershed (Gujarat) 830.5 Erosion control Babu et al. (1978) Nomograph equation (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978) Smith and Wischmeier ( Nomograph equation (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978) McCool et al Roose (1977) Nomograph (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978) Smith and Wischmeier (1957) From literature P factor for contouring (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978) None 87 Srinivas et al. (2002) Nagpur (Maharashtra) 10032.5 Subwatershed prioritization ...
One of the most common approaches to modelling soil erosion worldwide has been the implementation of the original Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its revised version, the RUSLE. However, despite its widespread use, often there are discrepancies in the methods used to compute it and in the values elicited for the five individual factors that comprise this function. Such pitfalls subsequently skew the final results obtained and often many studies also fail to adequately examine the accuracy of the enumerated soil loss amounts. We examine these aspects with respect to the raft of USLE-based studies undertaken in India over the last few decades, reviewing a total of 100 investigations in this regard. Results reveal that almost all studies had either over- or underestimated at least one of the five factors, thereby possibly misrepresenting the actual soil loss occurring from their examined areas. Even more worryingly, most studies had failed to document their methods succinctly or in sufficient detail to ascertain their efficacies or provide viable templates for replication elsewhere. Our results also show a marked spatiality in the pursuance of such studies, with these being mostly undertaken in the eastern part of the country, even though the proportionate land affected by soil erosion is considerably less in this region. Thus regions where the USLE would be most pertinent for implementation towards land management have seen a lower number of applications. We hope that by avoiding the missteps highlighted in this paper and following the subsequently detailed exemplar methods of conducting such an investigation along with the relevant model accuracy and uncertainty checks, the USLE can be best utilised in these regions and in the rest of the country for soil erosion mitigation. Though focused on India, the methods outlined can also be used to conduct the most accurate possible USLE-based soil erosion modelling elsewhere.
... Soil erosion classes are classified, and treatment suggestions based on reference paper [21]. ...
Soil erosion is one of the most critical environmental hazards of recent times. It broadly affects to agricultural land and reservoir sedimentation and its consequences are very harmful. In agricultural land, soil erosion affects the fertility of soil and its composition, crop production, soil quality and land quality, yield and crop quality, infiltration rate and water holding capacity, organic matter and plant nutrient and groundwater regimes. In reservoir sedimentation process the consequences of soil erosion process are reduction of the reservoir capacity, life of reservoir, water supply, power generation etc. Based on these two aspects, an attempt has been made to the present study utilizing Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) has been used in integration with remote sensing and GIS techniques to assess the spatial pattern of annual rate of soil erosion, average annual soil erosion rate and erosion prone areas in the MAN catchment. The RUSLE considers several factors such as rainfall, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, land use and land cover and erosion control practice for soil erosion prediction. In the present study, it is found that average annual soil erosion rate for the MAN catchment is 13.01-tons/ha/year, which is higher than that of adopted and recommended values for the project. It has been found that 53% area of the MAN catchment has negligible soil erosion rate (less than 2-tons/ha/year). Its spatial distribution found on flat land of upper MAN catchment. It has been detected that 26% area of MAN catchment has moderate to extremely severe soil erosion rate (greater than 10-tons/ha/year). Its spatial distribution has been found on undulated topography of the middle MAN catchment. It is proposed to treat this area by catchment area treatment activity.
... With the general acceptance of watershed as the principal unit of planning, many developmental activities based on suitable utilization of locally available natural resources, have been taken hence the watershed requires the detailed characterization and Inventorization of natural resources [1,2,3]. Soil resource mapping by using geo-spatial techniques, identification of constraints/ potentials, delineation of erosionprone areas is pre-requisite for suggesting conservation measures [4] and several studies reported potential use of remote sensing for characterization and management of land resources at watershed level [5]. ...
An investigation was carried out to determine the morpho-physical status of soils of Kanamadi South sub- watershed in Karnataka state of India. A detailed soil survey of Kanamadi South sub watershed was carried out using IRS P6 LISS-IV image and a total of ten pedon location which were well distributed in Kanamadi South sub-watershed was selected. The soils were shallow to deep. Colour of pedons varied from 10 YR 2/1 (black) to 10 YR 4/3 (brown). Soil texture varied from clay to clay loam, having loose to moderately subangular to angular blocky in structure with few fine roots distributed in surface horizons. Generally, the clay content increased with depth. Consistency of soil pedons ranged from slightly hard to hard when dry, friable to firm when moist, slightly sticky to very sticky and slightly plastic to very plastic when wet. The maximum water holding capacity of soil horizons ranged from 59.65 to 79.15 per cent and generally increased down the depth. The bulk density of pedons varied from 1.17 to 1.37 Mg m-3. In general, bulk density varied with depth with lowest bulk density at surface and highest recorded in sub surface depths. The field capacity varied from 28.21% to 41.32 %.The morphological and physical properties study in area helps for resource inventorization for successful watershed planning for soil and water conservation to enhance the potential of fertility of soils and major fertility enhancement to increase the soil productivity.
... In addition, the industrial area location determination must consider a soil type and its characteristic to have proper infrastructures. Neglected soil erosion and soil degradation lead to hazard for the environment and affect the area that is economically unproductive [14][15][16][17]. Soil properties are a part of important and detailed civil engineering study such as the determination of foundation type and soil capability to support industrial building and infrastructure. ...
Different types of site selection exploited by geographic information systems (GIS) by combining various types of data relate to the purpose of site selection. In reality, numerous factors including physical, environmental, and social factors affect the site selection in terms of deciding the location of a new industry. Accordingly, this paper conceives systems for determining new industrial zones in the form of web-based applications or ordinarily called web-based GIS. Thus, the application named the potential industrial zone smart systems, in which the prototype of the application is able to facilitate planning the determination of new industrial zone based on six parameters throughout the analytical hierarchy process method. The result weights of six criteria are soil type 35%, land use 32%, land slope 15%, the distance of land to river 9%, the distance of land from road and accessibility 5%, and the distance of land to public facilities 4%. Additionally, the web-based GIS is a user-friendly application to determine the planned industrial location. Further, the demonstration runs effortlessly in exhibiting data on the potential of new industrial zones in the city of Bekasi, West Java Province of Indonesia.
... Satellite remote sensing data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide excellent instruments for environmental impact measurement and assessment [17]. In the Nagpur district of Maharashtra, soil depletion is expected to employ USLE strategy and the application of applied GIS research to priorities tehsils for soil protection and the delineation of effective conservation units [16]. The map for soil erosion of Nagpur district is shown in Fig. 2. Using GIS tools, the level of soil suitability for different crops was also illustrated and the maps were prepared. ...
... Software used [10,7,11] ERDAS Imagine [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17]6,7,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]11,26] ArcGIS, Arc/INFO [27] GeoMod [28] Autodesk 2001 [29] IDRISI [30] QGIS [31] GeoSeism [32] GIS-SPRING-4.0 [33] Surfer 11 [26] SGEMS ...
... Map for soil erosion of Nagpur district by[16]. ...
Geographic Information System (GIS) a new tool for digital data management, Graphical representation of areas with actual location, analysis, planning, designing of data and many more uses. To understand the application, significance, functions and scope of GIS a review has done, using reference of previous published research which will fill the gap between technology and techniques and gives a better idea about the different area and use of GIS in Geotechnical engineering. We have Search more than 100 research papers between 1980 and 2020 from different sources. The data relevant to the study was checked physically and rest discarded. From literatures different Data, methods, software’s, limitation, and area of use is expected to determined. land use/landcover data, agricultural soil data, engineering soil data, environmental data, interpolation of data for missing data, ground water data and different types of data which have spatial value can be used to get different results. This review has explored scope of GIS in different field, their application and analysis methods. The systematic collection and identification of GIS Data can facilitate any project and save the time, cost, and effort and increase the accessibility to digital Maps, Bore log data, lithology etc. This study will definitely help the new researcher to proper understand the GIS and fill the research gap in areas where the GIS is used in lesser way or even not used in technical work.
