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Knowledge on housefly/insect repellent plants in relation with age, gender, educational status, religion, occupation and marital status of the respondents
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Abstract
Background: The housefly, Musca domestica L., is a major public health and domestic pest that spoils food and causes irritation and is a vector of many infectious disease pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Currently, its control relies largely on chemical pesticides. However, the adverse health and environmental effects of pes...
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Citations
... Peppermint Mentha × piperita EOs have been extensively tested to date in reducing stored-product insects [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and insects of public health concern, e.g., mosquitos [23,24], household ants [25], houseflies [26][27][28], horse flies [29], lice, and flies that infest water buffaloes [30]. In most of the cases analyzed, the authors indicated the significant effectiveness and usefulness of peppermint oil. ...
Peppermint essential oil (EO) has been extensively tested to date in reducing stored-product insects and insects of public health concern with very promising results, while only a few studies target important crop pests. There is also very little information on the effects of peppermint EO on non-target organisms, especially concerning contact and gastric effects at the same time. The goal of the investigation was the determination of the effect of peppermint EO on the mortality of Aphis fabae Scop.; the feeding intensity and weight gain of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. larvae; and the mortality and voracity of non-target organism Harmonia axyridis Pallas larvae. Our research indicates promising use for the M. piperita EO against aphids and young larvae (second instars) of the Colorado potato beetle. M. piperita EO showed good insecticidal efficacy against A. fabae with LC 50 = 0.5442% for nymphs and 0.3768% for wingless females after 6 h. Over time, the LC 50 value decreased. For the second instar larvae of L. decemlineata, the LC 50 values were 0.6278%, 0.3449%, and 0.2020% after 1, 2, and 3 days of the experiment, respectively. On the other hand, older larvae (fourth instar) were characterized by significant resistance to the tested oil concentrations with LC 50 value = 0.7289% after 96 h. M. piperita oil (contact and gastric effects) at a concentration of 0.5% was found to be toxic to young larvae (2 and 5 days old) of H. axyridis, while EO at a concentration of 1% was toxic to 8-day-old larvae. Thus, for the sake of ladybug safety, it would be advisable to use EO from M. piperita against aphids at concentrations lower than 0.5%.
... When the reported plant species of the ethnic groups were compared (Table 5), we found that the Angas people contributed 14 species, followed by the Ron-kulere with 12 species, Berom and Goemai with 11 species each, and Anaguta and Tarok with 10 species each. The Goemai recorded the largest number of use reports (URs) (48), followed by the Berom with 38, and Angas and Taroh with 33 cases each. The results showed that 27 (60%) of the 45 plant species are used by more than one ethnic group. ...
... Our findings in this study, wherein the most frequently used plant parts are the leaves followed by seeds, latex, and fruits ( Figure 2), are consistent with earlier reports [48][49][50]. This could be because leaves are readily available, very abundant, and very easy to harvest [51]. ...
... For most insects, positioning fresh or dry plant materials was the most popular method of application for repelling insects such as mosquitoes. Their positioning by the hanging of repellent plants on the walls, roofs, or by the entrance was consistent with previous studies in Ethiopia [56], Guinea Bissau [57], and Uganda [48]. In addition, [57] reported that hanging fresh leaves gave a repellent activity of greater than 70% against mosquitoes. ...
The quest for sustainable health, environmental protection, and the conservation of beneficial organisms makes the use of biopesticides a desirable option. This research aimed to identify the botanicals used in the management of farm and household pests in Plateau State, Nigeria. A cross sectional study was carried out using semi-structured questionnaires and on-the-spot, face-to-face interviews. The main issues captured include the pests, the plants used to manage the pest, the parts used, the cultivation status, the availability, the effects on the pests, the indigenous formulation methods, and the modes of application. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Frequency of Citation (FC), Relative Frequency of Citation RFC (%), and Use Value (UV). A total of 45 plant species belonging to 42 genera, 20 orders, and 30 families were found to be useful in the management of 15 different pests. The FC, RFC (%), and UV values identified the most popularly used plants as Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip., Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Canarium schweinfurthii Engl., Euphorbia unispina N.E.Br., and Erythrophloem africanum (Benth.) Harms. The plants that showed broad uses by the ethnic groups include Azadirachta indica A. Juss (7 uses), Erythrophloem africanum (Benth.) Harms, Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss., and Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip. The perception of the respondents indicated that most of the biopesticides are available, affordable, effective, eco-friendly, and safe. This survey provides a pathway for the formulation of stable biopesticides.
... Lalat rumah juga berpotensi sebagai pembawa (carrier) virus flu burung yang mengancam manusia, unggas dan hewan ternak. 1,2 Pengendalian lalat rumah umumnya menggunakan pestisida kimia. Namun dalam penggunaannya, menimbulkan efek toksik bagi manusia dan lingkungan karena residunya tidak mudah terdegradasi di alam. ...
Latar belakang: Penyakit yang disebabkan lalat rumah (Musca domestica) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Upaya pengendalian lalat rumah tersebut umumnya menggunakan pestisida kimia namun meninggalkan residu yang berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Untuk itu dikembangkan pestisida nabati dengan memanfaatkan tanaman seperti kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) sebagai solusi alternatif yang ramah bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi daun kumis kucing dan daun kemangi dalam mengendalikan lalat rumah.Metode: Tahapan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan bulan November 2021 ini meliputi pembuatan ekstraksi daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, dilanjutkan pembuatan konsentrasi yaitu 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40%, dan uji toksisitas terhadap lalat rumah menggunakan metode knockdown. Tiap perlakuan toples sebagai kandang uji berisi 25 lalat rumah dan direplikasi 3 kali. Ekstrak bahan uji disemprotkan ke dalam masing-masing toples uji sebanyak 2 kali semprot (1 semprot @ 0,5 ml). Lalu dihitung jumlah lalat yang jatuh (knockdown).Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 10% ekstrak kemangi pada menit ke-10 dan konsentrasi 10% ekstrak kumis kucing menghasilkan efek knockdown sebesar 100% terhadap lalat rumah setelah diaplikasikan.Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun kumis kucing dan daun kemangi memiliki aktivitas sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap lalat rumah ABSTRACT Title: The Potentials Of Cat Whiskers Leaves (Orthosiphon stamineus) And Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) as Plant-Based Pesticide Against House Flies (Musca domestica)Background: Diseases caused by house flies (Musca domestica) are still a public health problem. These house fly control efforts generally use chemical pesticides but leave residues that have a negative impact on health and the environment. For this reason, plant-based pesticide were developed by utilizing plants such as cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) as an alternative solution that is friendly to the environment. This study aims to determine the potential of cat whiskers and basil leaves in controlling house flies. Method: The experimental research stage carried out in November 2021 includes the extraction of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaves by maceration method using methanol solvent., followed by making concentration of 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, and the toxicity test against house flies using the knockdown method. Each treatment jar as a test cage contained 25 house flies and replicated 3 times. The extract of test material was sprayed into each test jar 2 times (1 spray@0,5 ml). Then count the number of flies that fall (knockdown). Result: The results showed that 10% concentrations of basil extract at 10 minutes and a 10% concentration of cat whiskers ectract produced a 100% knockdown effect on house flies after application.Conclusion: It can be concluded that cat whiskers and basil leaves have activity as plant-based pesticide against house flies.
... Many plants are used by people in traditional practices for repelling housefly (Baana et al. 2018). Cupressus sempervirens L., Lantana camara L., and Eucalyptus globulus Labill have been noted as the main repellents against flies (Baana et al. 2018). ...
... Many plants are used by people in traditional practices for repelling housefly (Baana et al. 2018). Cupressus sempervirens L., Lantana camara L., and Eucalyptus globulus Labill have been noted as the main repellents against flies (Baana et al. 2018). Extracts and EOs of aromatic, medicinal, and edible plants from different families (Acoracea, Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, Pinaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Verbenaceae, and other) have been examined against adult houseflies (Khater and Geden 2019;Cossetin et al. 2018;Pavela 2008;Palacios et al. 2009a, b). ...
Nowadays, the insecticidal and acaricidal properties of plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) have been evaluated as an alternative to chemical means. This study aims to assess the insecticidal efficacy of 20 commercial EOs against the adults of Musca domestica Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae) by the contact of insects with the residues of EOs at the bottom of glass cups. The dose effects of seven EOs (i.e. Acorus calamus, Allium sativum, Syzygium aromaticum, Cymbopogon citratus, Juniperus communis, Cedrus atlantica, and Foeniculum vulgare) as well as the time effects of exposure to these EOs on the mortality of flies were analyzed by probit analysis. Permethrin (technical substance) was used as a reference insecticide in the positive control and pure acetone served as the negative control. The insecticidal efficacy of the tested EOs decreased in order (based on their lethal dose (LD)50 values): A. calamus > A. sativum > S. aromaticum ≥ C. citratus > J. communis > C. atlantica > F. vulgare. A. calamus EO was the most effective against flies and very fast acting with negligible reversibility of effect. The EOs of A. sativum and S. aromaticum had a significant time-dependent insecticidal effect. The time for 50% insecticidal effect (knockdown and mortality in total) of the A. sativum EO was the greatest among the seven EOs and seven times more in comparison with the positive control. Present results and literature data suggest that the aforesaid plant products could be promising as contact insecticides against adults M. domestica. The difference in the insecticidal properties of A. calamus and A. sativum EOs observed in the current study display the need for various approaches for their future application as insecticides.
... Plant extracts and volatile oils were not comparable with insecticides (Kamel et al., 2019). Repellent and toxic actions of these extracts have been reported against house flies (Attaullah et al., 2019;Baana et al., 2018). Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) leaf surfaces and anthers produce secondary compounds (Prasifka et al., 2015) that are secreted into glandular trichomes, may offer defense against herbivorous insects [reviewed in (Aartsma et al., 2017;Hussain et al., 2019)]. ...
The house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is a major pest of all aspects of life, like the domestic, medical and veterinary and causal agent of several pathogenic diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of different insecticide-free baits against house fly by incorporating flower methanol extract of Helianthus annuus (sunflower) and Tegetes erecta (marigold) at 10%, 20% and 30% bait formulation of corn syrup, dried milk and water. However, imidacloprid and thiacloprid (each at 5% concentration) were also included in the study for comparison. Results showed that insecticide baits were superior in causing mortality of adult house fly but dependent upon syrup. Overall, 20% baits of both extracts caused more than half population death of house fly within 48h. On the other hand, the mortality rate by 30% baits (from sunflower and marigold) had a similar impact as observed in case of imidacloprid and thiacloprid baits. Therefore, biological baits could play a more active and safer role in the management of house fly as compared to synthetic insecticides.
... It may also be used against insect pests considering its strong insecticidal properties (Tapondjou et al. 2005;El-Sheikh et al. 2011;orhan and Tumen 2015;Langsi et al. 2017Langsi et al. , 2018. Common cypress is a candidate for use as an insect repellent plant against the housefly (Musca domestica L.) (Baana et al. 2018). The essential oils from C. sempervirens can be used to alleviate inflammation in animals Khubeiz et al. 2016;rguez et al. 2018;Sepehrimanesh et al. 2018) and have been shown to possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing properties (Ben Nouri et al. 2015;Al-Snafi 2016;Ibrahim et al. 2017;Boussoussa et al. 2018). ...
The genus Cupressus L. (Cupressaceae) is unevenly distributed across the world, occurring mostly in the northern hemisphere. Species of Cupressus have been considered very important from traditional to modern times due to their many useful characteristics. Common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) is a sacred and highly praised tree with a rich and long history in some cultures around the Mediterranean basin, West Asia, Asia Minor, North Africa, and North America. Common cypress, also called Mediterranean or Italian cypress, is an integral part of the landscape, economy, history, symbolism, tradition, religion, culture, romance, and folklore of most countries in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. The natural geographic distribution of C. sempervirens is characterized by uneven and often relic populations growing in Iran, as well as in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Libya, the Aegean Islands, Crete, Turkey, Cyprus, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. It is also cultivated in most Mediterranean countries. Many monumental and old accessions of cypress and, particularly Sarv‐e‐Abarkuh (Abarkuh Cypress), are presently found in central, southeastern, and southwestern parts of Iran. Historically, cypress has been the first choice for Persian (Iranian) gardens. The word “Sarvestan” (meaning a place covered with many cypresses) is used as a name for some cities and localities in Iran, especially in Fars, Yazd, and Kerman provinces, highlighting the importance and symbolic position of cypress in Persia since time immemorial. Anthropogenic and environmental pressure such as fire, drought, overexploitation, pastoral activities, overgrazing, cypress canker, etc. are the main threats for individual cypress trees and small populations worldwide. Genetic improvement programs for cypress are targeted at resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses and, in particular, cypress canker caused by Seiridium. Large‐scale breeding programs in recent decades, mainly for selecting resistant cultivars against canker, have been successful in the release of some canker‐tolerant clones. Cryopreservation and somatic embryogenesis are two reliable methods that can be used to facilitate breeding programs and to assist biotechnological studies on this species. Approaches such as the establishment of germplasm banks, cooperative germplasm conservation and transfer programs, cryopreservation, optimization of efficient propagation methods (especially the use of tissue culture), the extensive use of cypress in private and public gardens, parks, and landscapes, and the development of ecotourism have recently been introduced for the efficient protection of the genus Cupressus worldwide.
Musca flies (Diptera: Muscidae) have been found culpable in the mechanical transmission of several infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, protozoans, and helminths, particularly in low-income settings in tropical regions. In large numbers, these flies can negatively impact the health of communities and their livestock through the transmission of pathogens. In some parts of the world, Musca sorbens is of particular importance because it has been linked with the transmission of trachoma, a leading cause of preventable and irreversible blindness or visual impairment caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, but the contribution these flies make to trachoma transmission has not been quantified and even less is known for other pathogens. Current tools for control and monitoring of house flies remain fairly rudimentary and have focused on the use of environmental management, insecticides, traps, and sticky papers. Given that the behaviors of flies are triggered by chemical cues from their environment, monitoring approaches may be improved by focusing on those activities that are associated with nuisance behaviors or with potential pathogen transmission, and there are opportunities to improve fly control by exploiting behaviors toward semiochemicals that act as attractants or repellents. We review current knowledge on the odor and visual cues that affect the behavior of M. sorbens and Musca domestica, with the aim of better understanding how these can be exploited to support disease monitoring and guide the development of more effective control strategies.
Background
Combined efforts to combat both outdoor and indoor transmission of malaria parasites are hampered by emerging vector resistance in a wide range of endemic malaria settings in Ethiopia and the rest of the world, stressing the need for developing and implementing alternative control measures. This study aimed to document indigenous pastoralist knowledge on the use of repellent and insecticidal plant species against insect vectors in a number of kebeles in the Somali Regional State, eastern Ethiopia.
Methods
Data were collected by interviewing a total of 120 informants (105 men and 15 women) through face-to-face interviews guided by a semistructured questionnaire, observing information on the preparation method, and performing a guided field walk with a guide to collect plant specimens. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out 5 May 2018-12 April 2019. Medicinal plant specimens were collected following a standard approach, and voucher specimens were deposited in the Jigjiga University mini herbarium. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, preference rankings, paired comparisons and direct matrix rankings.
Results
A total of 52 voucher specimens belonging to 47 genera and 34 families were obtained. Of these, 42 were reported to be repellents against mosquitoes or insects in general. Among the plant families recorded, Fabaceae had the highest number of plant species, 5 (9.61%). The best-represented life forms were herbs (21, 41.96%), followed by shrubs (17, 32.69%). Leaves were the most commonly used plant part for remedy preparation and accounted for 18 (33.96%) of the total plants. Among the repellent plant species documented, 57.68% were reported to be burned to produce in-house smoke, 20.37% were mashed, and the paste was applied on the body to repel insects. The plants that were commonly mentioned by respondents were Amaranthus sparganiocephalus (27 mentions, 22.5%), Phytolacca dodecandra (18, 15%), and Commiphora rostrata (26, 21.66%) for repellent, insecticidal, and both repellent and insecticidal uses, respectively.
Conclusion
The present study showed that pastoralist communities have valuable indigenous knowledge and practices related to the use of plants as repellents. This knowledge should be validated and confirmed experimentally and possibly promoted as a sustainable and ecosystem-friendly insect vector control tool.
