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The Population of Karachi metropolitan city is increasing at a rapid rate, therefore demand for drinking water day by day. This demand requires permanent fresh water supply for the residential areas. Consequently, desalination plants are needed on the coastal belt of the city on a priority basis. Desalination plants can potentially be harmful by th...
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... map are used to present the model results which are highlighted with all variables in different colors and shapes scheme (Fig. 3 shows the final map of Model parameters and results). Result presented in the map form to easily highlight site location and indicates the buffer zones which are calculated by SDSS model (Fig. ...
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... DHA is currently considering installing another 22,700 m 3 /day SWRO at the same location as the DHA Cogen plant, a project currently in the tendering stage. This is further complicated by recent studies on the effect of pollution and dumping of over 450 MGD untreated wastewater into the sea that question the very feasibility of installing a SWRO desalination plant on Karachi's eastern coast (area of DHA, Port Qasim, etc) [31]. ...
Pakistan is among the countries most vulnerable to the challenges associated with water scarcity. Specific water security issues that have been identified include water availability, inefficient use and adverse water quality. Application of desalination has been growing over the years as one of the solutions to water scarcity the world over. Although the installed desalination capacity has increased ten-fold in the last decade, per capita water availability has still fallen drastically. Further considering local stresses and presence of toxic heavy metals in different areas of the country, desalination holds further promise for Pakistan. However, it has been felt that Pakistan clearly lags behind in the application of desalination to relieve its water security issues. This work takes a closer look at the water security issues Pakistan is facing, with special emphasis on the role of desalination, including inhibitory factors for its growth in the country. This work uses the updated inventory of desalination plants in Pakistan to identify past and current industry trends. Furthermore, recognizing that the latest serious effort in documenting the trends
and future prospects of desalination was carried out around ten years ago, this work attempts to fill this gap by putting forth the state of affairs on the subject for benefit future consideration for policy planning and implementation.
... The Strait of Hormuz bounds the region's central and western parts, causing saline conditions to advance and expand in the central and western part of region [12]. The distance from the road (transportation and infrastructure construction) [11,16,35,36], powerline (network connection costs) [11,37,38], coastline (transportation and installation cost) [38,39], population areas are important considerations. As there are no clear rules for installing desalination facilities in residential areas, the fuzzy membership function was developed by trial and error. ...
... The current study is consistent with other studies [39,48] which focus on the energy sector and the type of technology employed [13,15,16,19], the AHP method [18], the Delphi method [30], the ELECTRE method [4], as well as studies in similar industries, such as coastal wind farms [35], solar power plants [49], and solar-powered desalination facilities [10,11]. Accordingly, this study was the first to consider MCE with a many criteria and different scenarios for developing a decision rule for the installation of desalination facilities based on environmental and marine factors. ...
Water supply is one of the most critical infrastructures for development, and by desalinating the water of the Persian Gulf, water demands may be satisfied. The countries of the Persian Gulf basin have applied this technology and compensated for the country’s water shortage, whereas because of Iran’s unlimited access to water, desalination has only been applied on a local scale. Due to serious hydrological stress and periodic water shortages in Iran’s southern coastal area, seawater desalination may be necessary as an optional solution for water supply. Site selection for desalination plants is difficult as it may have a direct influence on the territorial and water environment, as well as disrupt biological systems, hence, the objective of this study was to identify desalination sites across the coastline of Hormozgan. To choose a suitable site, a multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) design was applied, with three scenarios evaluated in the constraints part and two scenarios considered in the criteria weight section. Altogether, out of 21 determination criteria considered for the construction of desalination facilities, 14 were associated to the inland and coastal segment, six with the marine zone, and one with the water quality phase. The results showed that about 33,584 ha in the optimal scenario, or when minimum and maximum constraints were applied, approximately 109,553 and 7182 ha, respectively, of the region, including a total of 11 zones, were suitable for the building of desalination facilities. In conclusion, this study was the first to consider MCE with many criteria and different scenarios for developing a decision rule for the installation of desalination facilities based on environmental and marine factors.
