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Jasmineira crumenifera Hartmann-Schröder, 1986. A, B) Collar and base of branchial crown showing braking plane (arrows), dorsal view, C) vascular loops are shown with arrows, D, E) same, ventral views, F) posterior end. Scale bars: A–E 0.5 mm, F 1 mm. Stain: A–F Shirla. Specimen: A–F UANL 8041.
Source publication
The South American sabellid polychaete worm collections of Phyllis Knight-Jones and José María Orensanz were recovered, curated and specimens identified, comprising fourteen species grouped in nine genera. Five species belonging to the genera Chone Krøyer, 1856, Acromegalomma Gil and Nishi, 2017, Notaulax Tauber, 1879, Parasabella Bush, 1905, and P...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... andJ. macrophthalma Ehlers, 1913 both from Kerguelen Islands (Observatory Bai), and J. regularis Hartman, 1978, from the Weddell Sea, 512-2936 m depth. In this study, we report J. crumenifera from the Uruguayan shelf. Jasmineira crumenifera Hartmann-Schröder, 1986, redescription (Figs 4, 31B) Jasmineira crumenifera Hartmann-Schröder, 1986: 92-93 (Fig. 4A); only ventral-most radioles (3 mm long) and ventral radiolar appendages entire ( Type locality. South Shetlands, 488 m ...
Citations
... In total, 17 taxa are now synonymised under this single name across the world, including taxa described from the west coast of USA (Johnson 1901;Bush 1905;Chamberlin 1919), Japan (Marenzeller 1884) and southern Africa (Augener 1918). In recent years, other authors have agreed that there are more species of Myxicola present than currently recognised, and that the genus is in need of revision with, particularly, a redescription of M. infundibulum (Giangrande et al. 2012;Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017), against which other taxa could then be compared and described. In Australia, M. infundibulum is a suspected non-native species and was the subject of an undergraduate thesis (Dane 2008) that undertook extensive morphological and molecular analyses of specimens from Australia, Europe and USA to investigate this hypothesis. ...
... Sars (1862) provided a slightly more detailed description, but the species was synonymised with M. steenstrupi by Malmgren (1865) (also by Cunningham & Ramage 1888, although this latter paper probably followed the lead of Malmgren, whose description the authors quote), possibly due to the fact that, although described in the same paper, Krøyer's description of M. sarsii was so weak in comparison. Myxicola sarsii was, however, considered by Phyllis Knight-Jones as being the species observed from northern parts of the UK and maintained it as valid in an identification chapter on annelids, published in a widely-used British textbook on marine fauna (Hayward & Ryland 1990, 2017, despite it having been synonymised many years earlier. This subsequently led to much confusion, particularly among British recorders, with many using the name, not realising it was invalid, for animals observed without dark tips to the radioles. ...
... show a more angled profile. Of the remaining larger species, which are more geographically removed, M. sulcata Ehlers, 1912 (Antarctica) has only 10-20 thoracic chaetae, on inconspicuous notopodia, on each segment (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017), in comparison to over 100 for M. infundibulum on large notopodial pads, M. ommatophora Grube, 1878 (Philippines) has a clay tube (not gelatinous) and paired subdistal radiolar eyes (absent in M. infundibulum), and M. fauveli Potts, 1928 (Suez Canal) has only around 12 pairs of radioles and a sharply delineated filiform radiolar tip (triangular tip, not sharply delineated in M. infundibulum). ...
The historical context of Myxicola species identification, around the UK and Europe, is reviewed and confusion surrounding the type species for the genus, Myxicola infundibulum (Montagu, 1808), discussed. Myxicola infundibulum is re-described and a neotype designated. A new species, M. polychroma sp. nov., is also described from the UK and is discussed, along with M. infundibulum, in relation to historical synonymised species from the region as well as current species known worldwide. Genetic and morphological details are provided for both species to aid in distinguishing them and determining the validity of other taxa in the future. Myxicola polychroma sp. nov. is distinguished through a combination of non-differentially coloured radiole tips, long, fine pinnulae that terminate below the lower margin of the basal membrane, large, fleshy, triangular radiolar appendages that arise centrally, interramal eyespots, dense, fine notochaetae and uncini with upper teeth 0.6–0.8 × length of the main fang. The type specimens of Myxicola steenstrupi Krøyer, 1856 and the status of that species are also discussed.
... The genus Parasabella (Bush, 1905), formerly Demonax (Kinberg, 1867, andredefined by Tovar-Hernández andHarris (2010), currently consists of 27 nominal species (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017). Members of this genus are characterised by the distinctive morphology of thoracic neuropodial companion chaetae. ...
Sabellid fanworms (Sabellidae: Annelida) and particularly species of
Branchiomma and Parasabella are difficult to discriminate due to a lack of unambiguous diagnostic characters and high intraspecific morphological plasticity. We studied specimens identified as Branchiomma and Parasabella from a marina in South Australia. Examination of morphological features alone failed to resolve the unambiguous identification of specimens to species. Therefore, two DNA markers, the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1), were sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses and genetic distances were performed for each DNA marker, including Branchiomma and Parasabella sequences available in GenBank. Molecular analyses indicate that specimens belong to species that have previously been reported as cryptogenic and occurring in several worldwide harbour environments, but whose identity is still unsettled. A discussion about the relevance of several sources of information for species delineation, and the importance of taxonomy, is provided.
... According to Pamungkas et al. [91], whose data were collected in 2016, Sabellidae comprises 42 genera and 493 valid species. Since 2016, 20 new species have been described [74,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] and a new monotypic genus Euchonoides Magalhães, Bailey-Brock and Tovar-Hernández, 2020 was established. After the WoRMS database has been updated (see Materials and Methods section), the current count is 42 genera and 512 valid species in Sabellidae (Table S2). ...
... More recent publications reported three species of fabriciids, 29 of sabellids and 22 species of serpulids for the Brazilian part of the Temperate South America realm [163] and 27 species of serpulids and 17 sabellids for Argentina [190]. Tovar-Hernández et al. [99] studied sabellids mainly from Argentina and Chile. A key to Sabellidae and Serpulidae from continental Chile is available in [191]. ...
Sabellida Levinsen, 1883 is a large morphologically uniform group of sedentary annelids commonly known as fanworms. These annelids live in tubes made either of calcareous carbonate or mucus with agglutinated sediment. They share the presence of an anterior crown consisting of radioles and the division of the body into thorax and abdomen marked by a chaetal and fecal groove inversion. This study synthesises the current state of knowledge about the diversity of fanworms in the broad sense (morphological, ecological, species richness), the species occurrences in the different biogeographic regions, highlights latest surveys, provides guidelines for identification of members of each group, and describe novel methodologies for species delimitation. As some members of this group are well-known introduced pests, we address information about these species and their current invasive status. In addition, an overview of the current evolutionary hypothesis and history of the classification of members of Sabellida is presented. The main aim of this review is to highlight the knowledge gaps to stimulate research in those directions.
... In Southern Gulf of California, P. pallida reaches densities of 400 ind/m 2 on buoys during summer (Tovar-Hernández & Yáñez-Rivera 2010, technical report). Tovar-Hernández et al. (2017) reported transverse fission and regeneration in P. columbi (Kinberg, 1867) as a common phenomenon, suggesting the potential for both sexual and asexual propagation and spread. This characteristic is similar to that present in Branchiomma bairdi (McIntosh, 1885), which may contribute to its high abundance and geographic spread. ...
The original description of the fan worm Parasabella fullo (Grube, 1878) is brief and mainly focused on the color. This paper provides a redescription based on syntype material from northern Japan kept at Museum für Naturkunde of Berlin and new records in California (USA). Diagnostic characters used in redescribing the species are the shapes of inferior thoracic notochaetae, ventral thoracic shields and dorsal collar margins. Although this Japanese species was collected on vessels' hulls in California, it is not clear if and where the species is established here, due to past difficulties in identification without well-defined characters. Nevertheless, a resident population appears to exist in the region, given the species occurrence on local recreational vessels. The redescription provides information to distinguish it from the local Californian indigenous species Parasabella pallida Moore, 1923.
... Seven of these species are known to bore into coral masses; one was found associated with a fossil reef. For others there is no information on the substrates where they were collected (Nishi et al. 2017), and others have been found as fouling of marinas and ports (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017). Despite sabellids' importance in fouling communities and as coral symbionts in reefs, their tube microstructure has not been studied. ...
... Seven of these species are known to bore into coral masses; one was found associated with a fossil reef. For others there is no information on the substrates where they were collected (Nishi et al. 2017), and others have been found as fouling of marinas and ports (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017). Despite sabellids' importance in fouling communities and as coral symbionts in reefs, their tube microstructure has not been studied. ...
Species of the sabellid polychaete genera Anamobaea, and Notaulax, are some of the most attractive sabellid polychaetes from coral reef areas due to their large colorful radiolar crowns. Tube microstructures of Anamobaea orstedi, Notaulax tenuitorques, and Notaulax sp. nov. are described. The studied sabellid tubes have three different types of microstructure. Most simple is irregular mesh microstructure which is composed of thin, long, and variously curved fibers of somewhat chaotic orientation (Notaulax tenuitorques). The irregular mesh microstructure could be plesiomorphic among sabellid tube structures. Oriented fibers in homogeneous matrix microstructure involves some kind of chemical control mechanisms that asserts the same orientation of all fibers (Notaulax sp. nov.). Anamobaea orstedi shows the most advanced pattern, a regular plywood structure, which is composed of thin subparallel or parallel to each other fibers that have different orientation in adjacent lamellae. Regular plywood structure has apparently greatest strength among organic tube structures of sabellids combined with good flexibility. Organic sabellid tube microstructures are likely species specific and have a taxonomic value.
... The genus Acromegalomma includes 37 species properly named from worldwide localities (Giangrande & Licciano 2008;Capa & Murray 2009;Tovar-Hernández & Carrera-Parra 2011;Mikac et al. 2013;Giangrande et al. 2015;Gil & Nishi 2017;Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017). Several authors revised the taxa present in the Mediterranean basin (Giangrande & Licciano 2008;Mikac et al. 2013;Giangrande et al. 2015), where up to now eight species have been reported: Acromegalomma vesiculosum (Montagu, 1815), Acromegalomma lanigera (Grube, 1846), Acromegalomma vigilans (Claparède, 1869), Acromegalomma cfr. ...
The genus Acromegalomma has been recently introduced as nomen novum for the polychaete genus Megalomma. Recently specimens of A. messapicum were collected from the coastal area of Civitavecchia (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) and re-collected from the type locality (Brindisi, Adriatic Sea, Italy) allowing us to examine additional fresh material and to add some useful morphological and biological information to the original description. The present data widens the distribution of the species. The possibility to examine several specimens of A. messapicum collected in different areas allowed us to state with certainty the absence of variability as concerns both the distribution of the radiolar eyes and the collar shape. The new findings revealed a colouration pattern present in the thorax and in the branchial crown, as well as the presence of large pygidial eyes previously not reported. Specimens have very broadly hooded chaetae, especially at the beginning of the abdomen, becoming more slender and therefore narrowly hooded, proceeding towards the end of the abdomen. This could explain the incorrect statement in the original description, of the presence of narrowly hooded abdominal chaetae as characterising A. messapicum. The present data also allowed some biological observations. Acromegalomma messapicum is gonocoric with eggs measuring about 120 mm in diameter. Most of the specimens were collected in cold months but ripe specimens were found in warm months. In addition a scheme of groups of Acromegalomma species modified from that previously proposed by different authors is given, where some taxa have been moved to different groups on the basis of a new interpretation of the collar features.
Myxicola infundibulum Montagu, 1808 is the most reported species of its genus, showing an unusually wide distribution from the Mediterranean area to Australia, North Europe, and North America, a situation deriving from a wide synonymizing of numerous species with M. infundibulum. Recently, genetic analysis confirmed that the Australian form of this species is an introduced taxon from the Mediterranean area, while the examined North American specimens were genetically and morphologically different. In the present paper we travel through the history of M. infundibulum from the first descriptions, trying to trace both the origin of this taxon and the origin of its wide distribution, through an analysis of the descriptions of all valid and invalid taxa to date. We also examined material present in the collection of one of the authors previously identified as M. infundibulum, comparing Mediterranean material to some from the English Channel, and material from North America. This led to the erection of four taxa new to science from material recently collected along the Italian coasts, and the restoration of Myxicola pacifica Johnson, 1901. Delimitation of taxa is based only on morphology, and we propose new morphological features to be considered; however, a molecular examination is planned in the near future.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7CF64CB2-8B9C-4001-BE57-199B5F95213B
The sabellid genera Anamobaea Krøyer, 1856 and Notaulax Tauber, 1879 are two of the most attractive polychaete worms in coral reefs. Anamobaea is represented by two Caribbean species and Notaulax with 24 species from around the world, six of them previously known to tropical America. During examination of fouling biota and sclerozoans from Mexico, Anamobaea orstedii Krøyer, 1856 was found in coral reefs from the southern Gulf of Mexico and three species of Notaulax were identified to the Mexican Pacific, two of them being new species to science.
Anamobaea orstedii Krøyer, 1856 is first reported as sclerozoan of dead coral from the southern Gulf of Mexico. An amendment to the generic diagnosis of Anamobaea is provided, based on the presence of a higher number of skeletal cells than previously recorded; height, shape and exposition of the anterior peristomial ring; the non-fusion of dorsal collar margins to faecal groove; shape of collar chaetiger and abdominal chaetae and distribution and shape of radiolar ocelli. Notaulax californica (Treadwell, 1906) is reported as fouling in buoys and docks from the Gulf of California. Two new species of Notaulax are described: the former was found in hull and dock fouling from La Paz (Gulf of California) and the second one as sclerozoan of oysters from a dock fouling in Acapulco (south Mexican Pacific). In addition, reproductive features are described for the first time for A. orstedii which is a simultaneous hermaphrodite with female and males gametes found within the same segments of abdominal region. Oocytes develop synchronously and sperm morphology (spherical nucleus and rounded acrosome, four spherical mitochondria and a long free flagellum) suggest an adaptation to broadcast spawning and external fertilisation. Species of Notaulax here examined were gonochoric, with gametes distributed in abdominal segments.
The Indonesian archipelago is one of the most diverse regions in the marine
World. Many contributions on polychaete worms have been published since the
Dutch Siboga Expedition to the Indonesian archipelago at the end of the 19th
century. In this study, we examined specimens of Sabellidae Latreille, 1825 collected
during the Snellius II Expedition (1984) to Indonesia, carried out by the Dutch
Research Vessel (RV) “Tyro” and the Indonesian RV “Samudera”. The results
include reports of Acromegalomma acrophthalmos, A. interruptum, A. sp.,
Bispira manicata, B. porifera, B. secusoluta, Branchiomma boholense, Notaulax
pyrrohogaster, N. tenuitorques, N. sp. 3, Parasabella crassichaetae, Perkinsiana
anodina, and Sabellastarte spectabilis. In addition, three new species are described:
Acromegalomma sumbense sp. nov., Claviramus olivager sp. nov., and Notaulax
montiporicola sp. nov., the latter in living coral (Montipora nodosa). Further, Sabella
(Potamilla) polyophthalmos Grube is transferred to Pseudopotamilla. Additional
histological accounts of B. porifera and tube microstructure of A. acrophthalmos,
B. porifera, P. anodina, Pseudopotamilla polyophthalmos and Sabellastarte spectabilis
are also included.
