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To assist in the long-term health management of residents and evaluate the health impacts after the Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Fukushima Prefecture, the Fukushima prefectural government decided to implement the Fukushima Health Management Survey. This report describes the results for resid...
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Context 1
... the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) to assist in the longterm health management of residents, to evaluate the health impacts of the accident, to promote the future well -being of residents, and to determine whether long -term low -dose radiation exposure has any effect of their health 4,8) . The framework of the FHMS was showed in Fig. 1. Comprehensive health checks (CHCs) are part of the detailed FHMSs and we sought to review the data regarding their health, assess the incidence of various diseases, and improve the health status of ...
Context 2
... the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) to assist in the longterm health management of residents, to evaluate the health impacts of the accident, to promote the future well -being of residents, and to determine whether long -term low -dose radiation exposure has any effect of their health 4,8) . The framework of the FHMS was showed in Fig. 1. Comprehensive health checks (CHCs) are part of the detailed FHMSs and we sought to review the data regarding their health, assess the incidence of various diseases, and improve the health status of ...
Citations
... The items to be measured depended on the age of the participants, but for those aged 16 and older, the measurements included white blood cell fractions, uric acid, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), in addition to the usual specified health checkup measurements. 1,9,20,21 Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey ...
... Among residents aged 15 years or younger in the evacuation area, an increase was observed in the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, liver dysfunction, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus after the radiation accident. 21,34 Although the prevalence of obesity has decreased a few years after the accident, dyslipidemia has remained high. 21,34 Furthermore, residents aged 16 years and older experienced an increase in the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, liver dysfunction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and kidney disease after the accident, and these increases were influenced by the evacuation. ...
... 21,34 Although the prevalence of obesity has decreased a few years after the accident, dyslipidemia has remained high. 21,34 Furthermore, residents aged 16 years and older experienced an increase in the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, liver dysfunction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and kidney disease after the accident, and these increases were influenced by the evacuation. 9,35 Between 2011 and 2017, the prevalence of people who were overweight remained the same, the prevalence of liver dysfunction decreased, and the proportion of people with controlled hypertension and dyslipidemia increased. ...
The Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) was established in response to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on March 11, 2011. The primary objectives of the study are to monitor residents' long-term health and promote their future well-being, and to determine the health effects of long-term low-dose radiation exposure. This special issue summarizes the results and current status of the FHMS and discusses the challenges and future directions of the FHMS. The FHMS, a cohort study of all people who were residents in Fukushima Prefecture at the time of the accident, consists of a Basic Survey, Thyroid Ultrasound Examination, Comprehensive Health Check, Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey, and Pregnancy and Birth Survey. The radiation exposure was estimated based on the behavioral records examined using the Basic Survey. Although the response rate was low in the Basic Survey, the representativeness of the radiation exposure data was confirmed using additional surveys. There appears to be no relationship between the radiation exposure and risk of thyroid cancer, although more thyroid cancer cases were detected than initially expected. The ongoing Comprehensive Health Check and Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey have provided evidence of worsening physical and mental health status. The Pregnancy and Birth Survey showed rates of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and congenital abnormalities similar to the national average. Considering the above evidence, the Fukushima Prefectural Government decided to end the Pregnancy and Birth Survey at the end of March 2021, as recommended by the Prefectural Oversight Committee. The framework of the FHMS has not changed, but the FHMS needs to adapt according to the survey results and the changing needs of the eligible residents and municipalities.
... In this study, we reviewed the results of longitudinal trends of lifestyle-related diseases except for cancer and their risk factors among residents in the evacuation area based on the CHC of the FHMS and discussed what measures can be taken in the future to prevent lifestyle-related diseases among residents in the evacuation area. Although the CHC investigated all age groups, 10,11 this review summarizes the results of the survey for participants aged 40 years or older and considers the results for lifestyle-related diseases in comparison with data on health check-ups before the earthquake. We believe that the results of this survey will be useful for the health management of evacuees after future disasters that might occur in Japan and other parts of the world. ...
Residents were forced to evacuate owing to the radiation released after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11/03/2021; thus, their lifestyles drastically changed. The Comprehensive Health Check (CHC) of the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) was performed to evaluate health statuses and prevent lifestyle-related diseases in evacuation area residents. The first part of the CHC survey is a retrospective analysis of pre- and post-disaster data on health check-ups of evacuation area residents. The second part is a cross-sectional, prospective analysis of post-disaster (fiscal year (FY) 2011-2017) data on health check-ups. Subjects were men and women living in 13 municipalities in areas surrounding the NPP in Fukushima Prefecture. Post-disaster (FY 2011-2012) overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia, polycythemia and atrial fibrillation cases increased from the pre-disaster (FY 2008-2010) levels. This tendency was strongest among residents who were forced to evacuate. Proportion of overweight people remained unchanged, the prevalence of liver dysfunction decreased and the proportion of people with treated hypertension and dyslipidemia increased during FY 2011-2017. Meanwhile, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and mean levels of HbA1c increased. Furthermore, Evacuees showed higher risks of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney diseases and liver dysfunction than non-evacuees. Therefore, residents in the evacuation area, especially evacuees, are at high risk of developing lifestyle-related diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases; therefore, it is necessary to observe health statuses and implement measures to prevent lifestyle-related diseases.
... The major categories of this impact are (1) obesity, (2) sedentary behaviour, and (3) psychological distress. Among children and adolescents after the Great East Japan Earthquake, there are the previous studies by Kawasaki et al. (2020), Ohira et al. (2019), Kuniyoshi et al. (2019), Takahashi and Tsubokura (2018), Yokomichi et al. (2018), Moriyama et al. (2018), Isojima et al. (2017), Kikuya et al. (2017), Zheng et al. (2017), Yokomichi et al. (2016), Kawasaki et al. (2015) and Kawasaki et al. (2014) on obesity. And there are previous studies on the sedentary behavior by Goodwin et al. (2020), Itagaki et al. (2017) and Okazaki et al (2015). ...
... The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (Horowitz et al., 1979) contains 22 questions on Kawasaki et al. 2020Ohira et al. 2019Kuniyosshi et al. 2019Takahashi, Tsubokura. 2018Yokomichi et al. 2018Moriyama et al.2018Isojima et al. 2017Kikuya et al. 2017Zheng et al. 2017Yokomichi et al. 2016Kawasaki et al. 2015Kawasaki et al. 2014 Similarities in impact on children and adolescent Fig. 1 Adolescent homology during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the Great East Japan earthquake. On the right "The Great East Japan Earthquake" gives the articles on children and adolescents after the Great East Japan Earthquake, and on the left "Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)" gives the articles on children andadolescents under the COVID-19 pandemic. ...
Historical data can determine how adolescents recover from difficult situations such as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study analysed 3 years of data obtained from high-school students who had been affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and consequently evidenced the importance of increasing resilience among affected adolescents. This involved identifying factors contributing to resilience through a model that assessed for each tsunami disaster. This model was determined by assessing the correlation between survivors' resilience scores and their measured psychological and lifestyle scores. This approach showed that, in all tsunami damage models, resilience was most affected by the depressed emotions. Thus, our approach suggests that interventions for improving the depressed mood may improve resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.
... In a study on pregnant women, it was indicated that those who were in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy at the time of incident and stress more commonly had pregnancy HTN (118). In children under 15years of age, within 1 year of the incident, increase in incidence of HTN is observed (119). It has also been reported that within 4 years of the incident, increase in incidence of HTN in children is observed. ...
Introduction:
As a result of destruction and lack of access to vital infrastructures and mental stress, disasters intensify cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and hence management of CVDs becomes more challenging. The aim of this study is investigating incidence and prevalence of CVDs, morbidity and mortality of CVDs, treatment and management of CVDs at the time of natural disasters.
Methods:
In the present systematic review, the articles published in English language until 28. 11. 2020, which studied CVDs in natural disasters were included. The inclusion criteria were CVDs such as myocardial infarction (MI), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), hypertension (HTN), pulmonary edema, and heart failure (HF) in natural disasters such as earthquake, flood, storm, hurricane, cyclone, typhoon, and tornado.
Result:
The search led to accessing 4426 non-duplicate records. Finally, the data of 104 articles were included in quality appraisal. We managed to find 4, 21 and 79 full text articles, which considered cardiovascular diseases at the time of flood, storm, and earthquake, respectively.
Conclusion:
Prevalence of CVD increases after disasters. Lack of access to medication or lack of medication adjustment, losing home blood pressure monitor as a result of destruction and physical and mental stress after disasters are of the most significant challenges of controlling and managing CVDs. By means of quick establishment of health clinics, quick access to appropriate diagnosis and treatment, providing and access to medication, self-management, and self-care incentives along with appropriate medication and non-medication measures to control stress, we can better manage and control cardiovascular diseases, particularly hypertension.
... Obesity in children and adolescents is the global problem seen in both developed and developing countries [43,44]. Results of large-scale studies on the prevalence of hyperuricemia in a general population of children and adolescents are summarized in Table 3 [45][46][47][48][49]. Generally, the prevalence of hyperuricemia tends to be higher in Western countries than in Asian countries and in males than in females. ...
Recent evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is an important condition in children and adolescents, particularly in association with noncommunicable diseases. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of this condition in pediatric patients. An analysis of serum uric acid reference values in a healthy population indicates that they increase gradually with age until adolescence, with differences between the sexes arising at about 12 years of age. This information should be taken into consideration when defining hyperuricemia in studies. Gout is extremely rare in children and adolescents, and most patients with gout have an underlying disease. The major causes of hyperuricemia are chronic conditions, including Down syndrome, metabolic or genetic disease, and congenital heart disease, and acute conditions, including gastroenteritis, bronchial asthma (hypoxia), malignant disorders, and drug side effects. The mechanisms underlying the associations between these diseases and hyperuricemia are discussed, together with recent genetic information. Obesity is a major cause of hyperuricemia in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic syndrome; hyperuricemia in obese children and adolescents is associated with the components of metabolic syndrome and noncommunicable diseases, including hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Finally, strategies for the treatment of hyperuricemia, including lifestyle intervention and drug administration, are presented.
... In summary, the 2011 Comprehensive Health Check, which comprises around 70 000 examinations, has clarified the general health conditions of evacuees from the government-designated evacuation zone after the Great East Japan Disaster [48,49]. Obesity and hyperlipidaemia exist, even at young ages, and are increased in comparison with the previous years' data on Fukushima Prefecture in adults of both genders. ...
Five years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake and the subsequent Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on 11 March 2011. Countermeasures aimed at human protection during the emergency period, including evacuation, sheltering and control of the food chain were implemented in a timely manner by the Japanese Government. However, there is an apparent need for improvement, especially in the areas of nuclear safety and protection, and also in the management of radiation health risk during and even after the accident. Continuous monitoring and characterisation of the levels of radioactivity in the environment and foods in Fukushima are now essential for obtaining informed consent to the decisions on living in the radio-contaminated areas and also on returning back to the evacuated areas once re-entry is allowed; it is also important to carry out a realistic assessment of the radiation doses on the basis of measurements. Until now, various types of radiation health risk management projects and research have been implemented in Fukushima, among which the Fukushima Health Management Survey is the largest health monitoring project. It includes the Basic Survey for the estimation of external radiation doses received during the first 4 months after the accident and four detailed surveys: thyroid ultrasound examination, comprehensive health check-up, mental health and lifestyle survey, and survey on pregnant women and nursing mothers, with the aim to prospectively take care of the health of all the residents of Fukushima Prefecture for a long time. In particular, among evacuees of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident, concern about radiation risk is associated with psychological stresses. Here, ongoing health risk management will be reviewed, focusing on the difficult challenge of post-disaster recovery and resilience in Fukushima.
This study aimed to investigate the reference values for serum uric acid (SUA) levels and their association with overweight/obese in children. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 8522 participants, including 6227 normal weight children, aged 2 to 18 years in China. Among normal children, SUA levels increased with age, showing significant sex differences in children over 10 years. Age-specific and sex-specific 95% reference intervals for SUA levels were established. Furthermore, we observed that the percentage of overweight/obesity significantly increased as SUA quartiles rose. Elevated SUA levels were associated with a high odds ratio (OR) for overweight/obesity (OR = 4.45, 95% confidence interval = 3.33, 5.93). We propose that the 97.5th percentile is a suitable value for defining elevated SUA levels, and there is a positive correlation between SUA levels and the presence of overweight or obesity.
Background
After the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011, the Fukushima Prefectural Government launched a long‐term health management survey for the population of Fukushima. Results of the Comprehensive Health Check (CHC) showed that some children aged 6–15 years, who resided in the evacuation area at the time of the disaster, had obesity, hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and/or renal dysfunction from as early as 2011. The aim of the present study was to determine the long‐term trend of obesity and hepatic enzyme abnormalities in Fukushima children.
Methods
We evaluated the changes in body mass index standard deviation score (BMI‐SDS), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase from 2011 to 2018.
Results
Obesity (BMI‐SDS ≥ 2) was significantly associated with hepatobiliary enzyme abnormalities. The mean BMI‐SDS was significantly higher in 2011 after the disaster, but then soon showed a gradual decrease. The frequency of obesity did not increase significantly after the disaster. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormalities in the children aged 6–15 years of either sex from 2011 to 2018.
Conclusions
In the present study, we found that the increase in the mean BMI‐SDS after the disaster was temporary, suggesting that the frequency of obesity and liver dysfunction might not have been significantly influenced by the disaster.
Background:
After the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 and the subsequent accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company-operated Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the Fukushima Prefecture government initiated the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) to assess the long-term health effects of the disaster on Fukushima residents. The blood tests of children aged ≤15 years between 2011 and 2012 did not reveal any changes regarding peripheral blood data; however, long-term monitoring is still necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long-term health status of children aged ≤15 years who had evacuated the Fukushima Prefecture.
Methods:
From 2011 to 2018, 71,250 evacuees aged 15 years or younger participated in the FMHS and were subjected to blood tests. By analyzing the data of the comprehensive health check survey managed by the FHMS, we examined the changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, white blood cell (WBC) counts, including fractions, and platelet (PLT) counts among children from 2011 to 2018.
Results:
Minor fluctuations in Hb levels, PLT counts, and WBC counts were observed during the study period, but the central 95% intervals of distribution of the laboratory values were generally within previously reported reference intervals. In particular, there was no increase in the proportions of patients with anemia, polycythemia, or deviating WBC counts.
Conclusion:
From 2011 to 2018, there was no increase in the percentages of children with anemia, polycythemia, or deviating WBC counts among the Fukushima Prefecture evacuees.
Background:
The objectives of this study were to determine the longer-term trends in childhood obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities among residents of Fukushima Prefecture 5 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake.
Methods:
We evaluated the changes for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI SD score, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in elementary and junior high school residents who had lived in the evacuation zone between 2011 and 2015.
Results:
1) Of the Residents, 11,112 received health checks, while in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015, 5,737, 4,522, 4,297 and 3,405 received health checks, respectively. 2) The mean BMI SD score for all participants in 2011 was 0.149, and this score gradually decreased from 2011 to 2015. 3) FPG levels and HbA1c levels for all participants with a BMI value≧+2SD in 2011 were higher than those in residents with a BMI value < +2SD. 4) The frequency of participants with a FPG level ≧126 mg/dl and the frequency of participants with a HbA1c level ≧6.5 % in 2011 were higher than those in 2012, 2013, and 2015.
Conclusions:
These results suggest that a number of pediatric residents suffered from obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities. Furthermore, the longer-term observations indicated an improvement in obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities. There was a strong association observed between obesity and glucose metabolism, thus, it is considered important to continue with health checks for children with obesity and strive to improve their health.
