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Intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid production averages through postural sequence. (a) A steady and predictable trend for control animals with an EI <0.3 indicating intact physiologic responses to postural sequence relative to the experimental group with an EI >0.46. (b) Cerebrospinal fluid production as reported through the liquid flow meter as animals went through the postural sequence showing the parabolic secretory response of control animals compared to hydrocephalic animals b
Source publication
Context:
By occluding the fourth ventricle simultaneously obtaining telemetric data on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, the authors of this study investigate a variety of physiologic parameters in cases of experimental hydrocephalus.
Aims:
The aim of this study is to provide a new context on the disrupted hom...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... control group responded to the manipulations in a more predictable manner, where mean ICP is reduced following a change from recumbency to 45° as venous return is reduced. Movement from either prone recumbency to 45° or standing to 45° resulted in a decrease in mean ICP; while movement from 45° to both 90° and prone resulted in an increase in mean ICP [ Figure 3]. On the other hand, the hydrocephalic group did not seem to similarly regulate ICP nor compensate for the postural changes throughout the postural adjustment sequence. ...
Citations
... There is still a gap in terms of meeting the need for accurate intracranial pressure monitoring and accurate hypothermia treatment. [13][14][15][16][17][18] It is suggested that NCCU instruments and equipment still face challenges of insufficient informatization, accuracy, and specialization. In the next 5~10 years, the NCS needs to pay attention to and pursue the following directions: (1) The electronization of a large amount of complicated medical information at the bedside to improve work efficiency and save medical costs; and (2) accurate and professional configuration of instruments and equipment to meet the needs of patients with severe neurological diseases. ...
PURPOSE
Through three neurocritical care unit (NCCU) surveys in China, we tried to understand the development status of neurocritical care and clarify its future development.
METHODS
Using a cross-sectional survey method and self-report questionnaires, the number and quality of NCCUs were investigated through three steps: administering the questionnaire, sorting the survey data, and analyzing the survey data.
RESULTS
At the second and third surveys, the number of NCCUs (76/112/206) increased by 47% and 84%, respectively. The NCCUs were located in tertiary grade A hospitals or teaching hospitals (65/100/181) in most provinces (24/28/29). The numbers of full-time doctors (359/668/1337) and full-time nurses (904/1623/207) in the NCCUs increased, but the doctor–bed ratio and nurse–bed ratio were still insufficient (0.4:1 and 1.3:1).
CONCLUSION
In the past 20 years, the growth rate of NCCUs in China has accelerated, while the allocation of medical staff has been insufficient. Although most NCCU hospital bed facilities and instruments and equipment tend to be adequate, there are obvious defects in some aspects of NCCUs.
Background:
The flow of physiologic fluids through organs and organs systems is an integral component of their function. The complex fluid dynamics in many organ systems are still not completely understood, and in-vivo measurements of flow rates and pressure provide a testament to the complexity of each flow system. Variability in in-vivo measurements and the lack of control over flow characteristics leave a lot to be desired for testing and evaluation of current modes of treatments as well as future innovations. In-vitro models are particularly ideal for studying neurological conditions such as hydrocephalus due to their complex pathophysiology and interactions with therapeutic measures. The following aims to present the reciprocating positive displacement pump, capable of inducing pulsating flow of a defined volume at a controlled beat rate and amplitude. While the other fluidic applications of the pump are currently under investigation, this study was focused on simulating the pulsating cerebrospinal fluid production across profiles with varying parameters.
Methods:
Pumps were manufactured using 3D printed and injection molded parts. The pumps were powered by an Arduino-based board and proprietary software that controls the linear motion of the pumps to achieve the specified output rate at the desired pulsation rate and amplitude. A range of 0.01 [Formula: see text] to 0.7 [Formula: see text] was tested to evaluate the versatility of the pumps. The accuracy and precision of the pumps' output were evaluated by obtaining a total of 150 one-minute weight measurements of degassed deionized water per output rate across 15 pump channels. In addition, nine experiments were performed to evaluate the pumps' control over pulsation rate and amplitude.
Results:
Volumetric analysis of a total of 1200 readings determined that the pumps achieved the target output volume rate with a mean absolute error of -0.001034283 [Formula: see text] across the specified domain. It was also determined that the pumps can maintain pulsatile flow at a user-specified beat rate and amplitude.
Conclusion:
The validation of this reciprocating positive displacement pump system allows for the future validation of novel designs to components used to treat hydrocephalus and other physiologic models involving pulsatile flow. Based on the promising results of these experiments at simulating pulsatile CSF flow, a benchtop model of human CSF production and distribution could be achieved through the incorporation of a chamber system and a compliance component.
