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Biomimetics is a branch of science that explores the technical beauty of nature. The concept of biomimetics has been brilliantly applied in famous applications such as the design of the Eiffel Tower that has been inspired from the trabecular structure of bone. In dentistry, the purpose of using biomimetic concepts and protocols is to conserve tooth...
Citations
... Moreover, biomimetic bone grafts, with an inorganic part (BS) and an organic component (such as SPG), mimicking the structure and composition of bone tissue, may be an optimized treatment for producing bone healing [17,18]. In addition, another very important aspect that significantly influences the success of bone grafts in producing fracture repair is their structure, especially the adequate size and interconnectivity of the pores, which allows cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation [19]. ...
Biosilica (BS) and spongin (SPG) from marine sponges are highlighted for their potential to promote bone regeneration. Moreover, 3D printing is introduced as a technology for producing bone grafts with optimized porous structures, allowing for better cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the BS and BS/SPG 3D printed scaffolds and to evaluate the biological effects in vitro. The scaffolds were printed using an ink containing 4 wt.% of sodium alginate. The physicochemical characteristics of BS and BS/SPG 3D printed scaffolds were analyzed by SEM, EDS, FTIR, porosity, evaluation of mass loss, and pH measurement. For in vitro analysis, the cellular viability of the MC3T3-E1 cell lineage was assessed using the AlamarBlue® assay and confocal microscopy, while genotoxicity and mineralization potential were evaluated through the micronucleus assay and Alizarin Red S, respectively. SEM analysis revealed spicules in BS, the fibrillar structure of SPG, and material degradation over the immersion period. FTIR indicated peaks corresponding to silicon oxide in BS samples and carbon oxide and amine in SPG samples. BS-SPG scaffolds exhibited higher porosity, while BS scaffolds displayed greater mass loss. pH measurements indicated a significant decrease induced by BS, which was mitigated by SPG over the experimental periods. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity of scaffold extracts. .Also, the scaffolds promoted cellular differentiation. The micronucleus test further confirmed the absence of genotoxicity. These findings suggest that 3D printed BS and BS/SPG scaffolds may possess desirable morphological and physicochemical properties, indicating in vitro biocompatibility.
... Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties are also desirable characteristics [182]. Bio-mineral-based composites are inherently biocompatible [183], reducing the risk of adverse reactions and promoting healing and integration with the surrounding tissues [184]. The current research on dental implant design and material selection emphasizes the utilization of biomineralization processes to create biomimetic and biocompatible materials resembling natural hard tissues like bones and teeth [115,185,186]. ...
Regenerative medicine aims to address substantial defects by amplifying the body’s natural regenerative abilities and preserving the health of tissues and organs. To achieve these goals, materials that can provide the spatial and biological support for cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as the micro-environment essential for the intended tissue, are needed. Scaffolds such as polymers and metallic materials provide three-dimensional structures for cells to attach to and grow in defects. These materials have limitations in terms of mechanical properties or biocompatibility. In contrast, biominerals are formed by living organisms through biomineralization, which also includes minerals created by replicating this process. Incorporating biominerals into conventional materials allows for enhanced strength, durability, and biocompatibility. Specifically, biominerals can improve the bond between the implant and tissue by mimicking the micro-environment. This enhances cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, biomineral composites have wound healing and antimicrobial properties, which can aid in wound repair. Additionally, biominerals can be engineered as drug carriers, which can efficiently deliver drugs to their intended targets, minimizing side effects and increasing therapeutic efficacy. This article examines the role of biominerals and their composite materials in regenerative medicine applications and discusses their properties, synthesis methods, and potential uses.
... In particular, it is known that PDA is able to bind to Ca 2+ ions of hydroxyapatite through functional groups, which contributes to the formation of a biomimetic mineralized layer. 2,24 Recently, it has been suggested that codeposition of phosphates with polydopamine (PDA) may be a simple and promising strategy to activate enamel and dentin mineralization and modify their surface. 25 The hybrid organomineral interfaces thus formed may facilitate the regeneration of enamel-like layers in dental defect repair procedures. ...
... 21,27,28 However, the process of material formation from multiple components is still quite complex. 2,3,29 The properties of the biocomposite will depend on both the ratio of components and the kind of interaction between them and the synthesis conditions (temperature, pH, concentration, reaction time, etc.). Moreover, in multilayer deposition, the fact that the biomimetic layer inherits the properties (morphological organization) of the substrate on which the coating formation technique has been developed is undoubtedly a problem. ...
In this work, we developed a technology that enables rapid deposition of biomimetic composite films onto natural enamel slices (known as biotemplates). These films are composed of polydopamine (PDA) and nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (nano-cHAp) that have been functionalized with amino acid l-Arginine. We utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) combined with infrared (IR) synchrotron to achieve nanoscale spatial resolution for both IR absorption and topography analyses. This combined analytical modality allowed us to understand how morphology connects to local changes in the chemical environment on the biotemplate surface during the deposition of the bioinspired coating. Our findings revealed that when using the proposed technology and after the deposition of the first PDA layer, the film formed on the enamel surface nearly covers the entire surface of the specimen whose thickness is larger on the surface of the emerging enamel prisms. Calculation of the crystallinity index for the biomimetic layer showed a multiple increase compared with natural enamel. This indicates regular and dense aggregation of nano-cHAp into larger crystals, imitating the morphology of natural enamel rods. The microhardness of the formed PDA-based biomimetic layer mineralized with nano-cHAp functionalized with amino acid l-Arginine deposited on natural enamel was practically the same as that of natural enamel. The characterization of nano-cHAp-amino acid-PDA layers using IR and Raman microspectroscopy showed that l-arginine acts as a conjunction agent in the formation of mineralized biomimetic composite coatings. The uniformity of the mechanisms of PDA layer formation under different deposition conditions and substrate types allows for the formation of coatings regardless of the macro- and micromorphology of the template. Therefore, the results obtained in this work have a high potential for future clinical applications in dental practice.
... A widely-used biomimetic approach to dental restoration suggests using glass or hybrid ceramic to replace enamel, and short-fiber reinforced composite (SFRC) or particulate-filled conventional com-posite to replace dentine (2). This technique, supported by numerous clinical reports, typically involves creating a substructure/core build-up, in the presence or absence of an endodontic fiber post, followed by the placement of indirect restorations (3,4). In situations with substantial reduction in the structure of the endodontically treated tooth crown, using custom-made or prefabricated fiber posts, is often advised to enhance ultimate restoration retention and to improve the integrity and biomechanical properties of the residual tooth structure (4). ...
... Subsequently, the specimens were stored under controlled dry conditions at 37°C for a period of 48 hours prior to testing. The calculations of fracture toughness were carried out using a well-established specific formula [3]. All the specimens were subjected to evaluation through a threepoint bending mode test, using a universal testing machine. ...
... The testing procedure was applied at a controlled crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. The used formula for calculating fracture toughness [3], denoted as 'Kmax,' is expressed as a function of 'x,' as follows: (Fig. 3). wherein 'f(x)' is defined as ...
Background
Dual-cure resin-based luting materials are increasingly favored in clinical applications due to their capacity to establish a strong bond with natural tooth structure and restorations. This study aimed to examine certain physical and handling characteristics of newly developed experimental dual-cure luting resins reinforced with short fibers (SFRCs) and compare them with commercially available dual-cure luting resins.
Material and Methods
Seven dual-cure luting materials were tested (Relyx Ultimate, Duo-Link, eCEMENT, Variolink Esthetic, G-CEM LinkForce, experimental SFRC1, experimental SFRC2). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to determine the degree of monomer conversion (DC%) in the self and light-curing protocol. A rotating disk rheometer measured viscosity at room temperature (22°C) and simulated mouth temperature (35°C). Fracture toughness, flexural strength, and flexural modulus were evaluated using a 3-point bending test. Each luting resin was subjected to the examination of its surface microstructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of (p = 0.05) was conducted to analyze data.
Results
It was revealed that DC% of the tested dual-cure resins was significantly (p< 0.05) affected by the curing mode, the dual-cure SFRC2 having the highest and Relyx having the lowest DC (64%, and 41% respectively). The viscosity of all tested materials decreased with increasing temperature. SFRC2 demonstrated the highest fracture toughness (2.3 MPa m1/2), while Relyx Ultimate, Duo-Link, and eCEMENT exhibited the lowest values (≈ 1 MPa m1/2)(p< 0.05). Both SFRCs and G-CEM link-force exhibited the highest flexural strength values, and SFRCs resulted in the highest flexural modulus values (p<0.05).
Conclusions
The experimental fiber-reinforced dual-cure luting resins exhibited superior DC%, fracture toughness, and flexural properties, yet, SFRC2 showed the highest viscosity at elevated temperature. These results highlight the capability of short fiber reinforcement to enhance the mechanical properties of dual-cured resin-based luting materials without compromising handling characteristics.
Key words:Dual-cure luting resin; short fibers; degree of conversion; viscosity; fracture toughness; flexural properties.
... In an overview, the current research and development in prosthetic materials trend towards the introduction of advanced biomaterials that closely mimic the properties of natural tissues. It is the era of bioinspired and biomimetic materials [18,19]. Bioinspired materials are designed to mimic the structures or properties found in natural systems; they take inspiration from biological structures, such as teeth, bones, or shells, to create synthetic materials with similar characteristics [18]. ...
... For dental applications, bioinspired materials may replicate the microstructure or mechanical properties of natural teeth to improve the performance and longevity of dental restorations, such as inlays, onlays, crowns, or implants. Biomimetic materials go beyond mere imitation of natural structures and actively interact with biological systems [19]. These materials are designed to completely integrate with biological tissues or processes, promoting tissue regeneration or enhancing physiological functions. ...
In the dental field, the specialty of prosthodontics stands out as the frontline of innovation, continually pushing the boundaries to enhance both function and aesthetics for optimal oral rehabilitation [...]
... The reduction of polymerization shrinkage coupled with the ability to use high strength ceramic material can offer better protection for premolars against degradation in oral environment and enhance their clinical longevity. (13)(14)(15)(16) Marginal adaptation is pivotal to success and long-term survival of indirect restorations. The presence of marginal discrepancies at tooth/ restoration interface enhance plaque accumulation with subsequent risk of leakage, recurrent caries and periodontal affection. ...
... The development of biotechnology and artificial intelligence within the dental area has evolved in recent years [1]; many of the new materials currently being developed are primarily aimed at restoring the biological functions of tissues, and with this, the formulation of bioactive materials based on biomimetics [2,3]. The purpose is to mimic the biological approaches and strategies of nature [4] and this has been booming. ...
Biotechnology and artificial intelligence have sparked a revolution in dentistry, with a focus on restoring natural tissue functions. This transformation has given rise to bioactive materials, inspired by biomimetics, aimed at replicating the processes found in nature. As synthetic biology advances, there is a heightened focus on signaling systems crucial for bio-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Dentistry now harnesses synthetic proteins for tissue regeneration and dental material enhancement. A current research priority is bacterial biofilm inhibition, vital for dental health. Given the role of Streptococcus mutans in dental caries, the development of synthetic antimicrobial peptides targeting this bacterium is underway. The balance of dental enamel between demineralization and remineralization impacts caries formation. Factors such as the presence of hydroxyapatite and salivary peptides influence enamel health. Recent studies have spotlighted salivary protein-inspired peptides for enhanced remineralization. In the realm of bone regeneration, synthetic proteins like bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) have been spotlighted, earning FDA approval. Research is currently delving into peptides such as cementum protein 1 peptide (CEMP-1-p1) and parathyroid hormone variants like PTH (1-34), underscoring their potential in advancing dental and bone health.
... In this study, an attempt was made to rehabilitate severely destructed primary incisors with restorations that mimic lost dentin-enamel structure (Uctasli et al., 2021;Singer et al., 2023). EverX Flow contains random microscale glass fibers embedded within resin matrix which could mimic dentin collagen fibers within hydroxyapatite matrix (Lassila et al., 2020b). ...
Objective
To evaluate fracture resistance and failure type of coronally rehabilitated primary incisors with EverX Flow or Grandio Core post and core with or without fiber post.
Materials and Methods
Forty-eight extracted maxillary primary incisors were root canal treated and obturated with Metapex. The coronal 4-mm of Metapex was removed to create 3-mm intracanal post space. Next, coronal enamel and radicular dentin surfaces were acid-etched, and a bonding agent was applied and light-cured. Based on intracanal post and 2-mm height core buildup materials, specimens were divided equally (n = 12) into 4 groups as follow; Group I (EverX Flow), Group II (Grandio Core), Group III (Fiber post, and EverX Flow), and Group IV(Fiber post and Grandio Core). The coronal restorations were finalized to 4-mm height using G-aenial Anterior composite and specimens were tested for fracture resistance. Force required to induce fracture was recorded and failure type was examined.
Results
Fracture resistance of Fiber post and EverX Flow group was statistically significant high than other tested groups. However, fracture resistance of EverX Flow group showed non-statistically significant difference from that of Fiber post and Grandio Core group. Regarding failure type, no specimen presented root fracture, and all failures were favorable and repairable.
Conclusion
EverX flow post and core with or without fiber post enhanced fracture resistance of restored primary incisors compared to Grandio Core alone.
Clinical relevance
EverX flow post and core system with or without fiber post could be a promising restorative option for severely destructed primary incisors.
... In traditional dentistry, dental components are extracted and replaced with rigid materials. These methods and materials reduce restorative durability and the tooth's structural tensile strength (3). ...
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the quality and content of YouTube videos about biomimetic dentistry.
Methodology: A keyword search for "biomimetic dentistry" was conducted on YouTube. It used only publicly available Internet data from searching YouTube with the default filter “Biomimetic Dentistry” on April 3, 2023. Of the 200 examined videos, only 91 fit the inclusion criteria; those 91 videos underwent a content quality evaluation. The videos' viewing rates were determined after their demographic characteristics were assessed. The information quality index (VIQI) and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) were used to evaluate the video quality. For the statistical analysis, the Shapiro–Wilk, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used.
Results: Most of the videos (n = 59) were labeled "low content," and healthcare practitioners uploaded the majority (91.2%) of them to YouTube. The most discussed subject was advantages and disadvantages (87.9%), followed by the definition of biomimetic dentistry (76.9%). The high-content video group's GQS and VIQI scores were significantly higher than low-content group. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the VIQI and GQS (p < 0.05) (p = 0,001) and a positive correlation between the overall content, total VIQI, and total GQS scores.
Conclusion: The material in YouTube videos about biomimetic dentistry is insufficient for use as a patient information tool. Biomimetic dentistry-related YouTube videos' quality and content were typically poor. Health practitioners should be aware of the content of video-sharing platforms and take responsibility for enriching video content.
Keywords: YouTube, biomimetic dentistry, information quality index, global quality scale
... Combined use of restorative materials and enhanced bonding systems with smart preparation design allows the tooth to function as one entity against functional forces. (1)(2)(3)(4) Extensive, complex cavities in posterior teeth remain a common finding in modern day practice. (5) Besides the need for preservation of remaining tissues and pulp protection, the buildup and restoration of normal occlusal contact and proximal contours is a tedious and time-consuming process. ...
