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Interactions between HPLC-separated extracts of Andira coriacea and glutathione transferases from T. versicolor. The dichloromethane extract of A. coriacea has been fractionated using reverse-phase (C18) chromatography. A principal component analysis has been performed using the data from the interactions between the tested fractions and the set of 6 TvGSTOs. (A) Chromatogram (Absorbance at 260 nm). (B) Fractions distribution using PC1 and PC2 axes (the size of the circles is proportional to the inhibition index). (C) Fractions distribution using PC1 and PC2 axes (the size of the circles is proportional to the radical scavenging activity). (D) Variables governing this distribution.
Source publication
Glutathione transferases comprise a large class of multifunctional enzymes, some involved in detoxification pathways. Since these enzymes are able to interact with potentially toxic molecules, they could be used as targets to screen for compounds with biological activity. To test this hypothesis, glutathione transferases (GSTs) from the white-rot f...
Contexts in source publication
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... Interactions with Fractionated A. coriacea Extracts. Separation of the dichloromethane extracts from A. coriacea was performed using reverse liquid chromatography ( Figure 3A), and fractions exhibiting detectable molecules (optical density (OD) at 200 nm) were harvested and evaporated. The fractions were solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and their interactions with the set of TvGSTOs measured (Table S2). ...
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... principal component analysis (PCA) has also been performed using the interactions between the tested fractions and the six TvGSTOs as variables ( Figure 3B, 3C, and 3D). Three PCs explained more than 77% of the total variance among the 28 tested fractions. ...
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... PCs explained more than 77% of the total variance among the 28 tested fractions. As highlighted in Figure 3B, a positive correlation was found between PC1 and PC2 coordinates and the inhibition index of the tested fractions (r = 0.363 and p < 0.004 and r = 0.667 and p < 0.029, respectively). The antioxidative properties of the fractions were evaluated; these properties are significantly and positively correlated with fraction interactions with TvGSTO-3S, TvGSTO-4S, and to a lesser extent TvGSTO-6S (Table S2). ...
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... antioxidative properties of the fractions were evaluated; these properties are significantly and positively correlated with fraction interactions with TvGSTO-3S, TvGSTO-4S, and to a lesser extent TvGSTO-6S (Table S2). From the PCA, fractions from 36 to 40 clustered and exhibited radical scavenging properties ( Figure 3C). A gas chromatography (GC) analysis of the fraction (39) exhibiting the highest antioxidative activity has been performed showing the presence of several molecules potentially related to flavonoids (data not shown). ...
Citations
... Activity-based protein profiling of the detoxification system of the cell (Barbier et al., 2020;Perrot et al., 2018). The 'ligand fishing' strategy, which is an umbrella term to describe affinity-based techniques, allows a ligand to be isolated from within an extract, using proteins as the bait. ...
Fungi and antifungal compounds are relevant to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. However, the modes‐of‐action of antifungals—whether they are naturally occurring substances or anthropogenic fungicides—are often unknown or are misallocated in terms of their mechanistic category. Here, we consider the most effective approaches to identifying whether antifungal substances are cellular stressors, toxins/toxicants (that are target‐site‐specific), or have a hybrid mode‐of‐action as toxin–stressors (that induce cellular stress yet are target‐site‐specific). This newly described ‘toxin–stressor’ category includes some photosensitisers that target the cell membrane and, once activated by light or ultraviolet radiation, cause oxidative damage. We provide a glossary of terms and a diagrammatic representation of diverse types of stressors, toxic substances, and toxin–stressors, a classification that is pertinent to inhibitory substances not only for fungi but for all types of cellular life. A decision‐tree approach can also be used to help differentiate toxic substances from cellular stressors (Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015 33: 228–259). For compounds that target specific sites in the cell, we evaluate the relative merits of using metabolite analyses, chemical genetics, chemoproteomics, transcriptomics, and the target‐based drug‐discovery approach (based on that used in pharmaceutical research), focusing on both ascomycete models and the less‐studied basidiomycete fungi. Chemical genetic methods to elucidate modes‐of‐action currently have limited application for fungi where molecular tools are not yet available; we discuss ways to circumvent this bottleneck. We also discuss ecologically commonplace scenarios in which multiple substances act to limit the functionality of the fungal cell and a number of as‐yet‐unresolved questions about the modes‐of‐action of antifungal compounds pertaining to the Sustainable Development Goals.
... TSA is a tool to compare the potential of interaction between wood or mycelium extracts and a fungal glutathione transferase (GST). Interactions between extractives and GSTs can be used as an indicator of extractives biological properties [43,61]. Grapevine wood samples after exposure to fungal degradation (with the three strains) interact more with the GST than control grapevine wood, which might reflect metabolomic changes, affecting biological properties of the wood extracts. ...
Fomitiporia mediterranea M. Fischer (Fmed) is a white-rot wood-decaying fungus associated with one of the most important and challenging diseases in vineyards: Esca. To relieve microbial degradation, woody plants, including Vitis vinifera, use structural and chemical weapons. Lignin is the most recalcitrant of the wood cell wall structural compounds and contributes to wood durability. Extractives are constitutive or de novo synthesized specialized metabolites that are not covalently bound to wood cell walls and are often associated with antimicrobial properties. Fmed is able to mineralize lignin and detoxify toxic wood extractives, thanks to enzymes such as laccases and peroxidases. Grapevine wood’s chemical composition could be involved in Fmed’s adaptation to its substrate. This study aimed at deciphering if Fmed uses specific mechanisms to degrade grapevine wood structure and extractives. Three different wood species, grapevine, beech, and oak. were exposed to fungal degradation by two Fmed strains. The well-studied white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (Tver) was used as a comparison model. A simultaneous degradation pattern was shown for Fmed in the three degraded wood species. Wood mass loss after 7 months for the two fungal species was the highest with low-density oak wood. For the latter wood species, radical differences in initial wood density were observed. No differences between grapevine or beech wood degradation rates were observed after degradation by Fmed or by Tver. Contrary to the Tver secretome, one manganese peroxidase isoform (MnP2l, jgi protein ID 145801) was the most abundant in the Fmed secretome on grapevine wood only. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on wood and mycelium samples, using metabolomic networking and public databases (GNPS, MS-DIAL) for metabolite annotations. Chemical differences between non-degraded and degraded woods, and between mycelia grown on different wood species, are discussed. This study highlights Fmed physiological, proteomic and metabolomic traits during wood degradation and thus contributes to a better understanding of its wood degradation mechanisms.
... Every marker that we choose is biologically plausible.Glutathione transferase (GST) is a large family of transferases that is related to the progression of tumors and the metabolism of foreign objects (such as environmental pollutants) 11 . Omega-GST 1 has been confirmed to exist widely in a variety of tissues and has the activity of a variety of biological enzymes, especially those involved in the biotransformation of arsenic [12][13][14] . Some studies have found that there is a statistical relationship between recurrent abortion and GSTO1 mutation during pregnancy. ...
At present, the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy mainly depends on transvaginal ultrasound and β-hCG. However, these methods may delay diagnosis and treatment time. Therefore, we aimed to screen for serological molecular markers for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP).Using data-independent acquisition (DIA)proteomics, the differential proteins in serum were selected between the intrauterine pregnancy (IP) and EP groups. Then, the expression levels of these differential proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic value of the serum biomarkers was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.GSTO1, ECM-1 and β-hCG showed significant differences between the EP and IP groups (P < 0.05). The combination of GSTO1/ECM-1/β-hCG had an area under the curve of 0.93 (95% CI 0.88–0.99), a sensitivity of 88.89% (95% CI 73.94–96.89) and a specificity of 86.11% (95% CI 70.50–95.33) with a likelihood ratio of 6.40.The combination of GSTO1/ECM-1/β-hCG may be developed into a possible approach for the early diagnosis of EP.
... Studies of [1275] revealed that T. versicolor glutathione transferase Omega 3S (TvGSTO3S) catalyzes the conjugation of isothiocyanates with glutathione. Furthermore, glutathione transferases from T. versicolor was used to screen for the anti-fungal agents; lapachol and maackiain in Andira coriacea extracts [128]. Pyranose oxidase is a homotetrameric flavoprotein, commonly found in lignocellulose-degrading fungi and catalyzes the oxidation of pyranose to respective keto-sugars and converts hydrogen peroxide to class II peroxidases [129]. ...
Species of Trametes are important wood decomposers in natural ecosystems and they have been widely used as traditional medicines in Asia. In order to assess the fungal biodiversity of the Greater Mekong Subregion, surveys of Trametes were conducted in Laos. In this paper, Trametes cubensis is introduced as a new record from Laos based on morphology and molecular evidence. The collected specimens are described with colour photographs and illustrations, and compared with similar taxa. A phylogenetic analysis for the new collection of T. cubensis is provided based on ITS, LSU and TEF1 sequence data and the taxonomic status of the species is briefly discussed. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds, beneficial properties and biotechnological applications of Trametes species are also reviewed.
... In particular, the specificity of the interactions between GST and wood extractives is closely related to the chemical composition of the extracts in accordance with the tree species and their localization inside the wood (sapwood vs heartwood vs knotwood). These data suggest that the fungal GSTome could reflect the chemical environment encountered by these fungi during wood degradation (Barbier et al., 2020;Deroy et al., 2015). ...
... In particular, the specificity of the interactions between GST and wood extractives is closely related to the chemical composition of the extracts in accordance with the tree species and their localization inside the wood (sapwood vs heartwood vs knotwood). These data suggest that the fungal GSTome could reflect the chemical environment encountered by these fungi during wood degradation (Barbier et al., 2020;Deroy et al., 2015). ...
