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Integration of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of inhaled and analgesic agents, together with a Pharmacodynamic (PD) interaction model for the description of clinical effect

Integration of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of inhaled and analgesic agents, together with a Pharmacodynamic (PD) interaction model for the description of clinical effect

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Integration of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models...
Flowchart for the generation of a virtual population from the PBPK-PD...
Convergence in the sensitivity indices associated with the parameters...
Convergence in the sensitivity indices associated with the parameters...
+4 Time-varying sensitivity indices (First-order and total-order)...
Global sensitivity analysis in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models of inhaled and opioids anesthetics and its application to generate virtual populations
Article
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  • Aug 2022
The integration between physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) models and pharmacodynamics (PD) models makes it possible to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion processes of drugs, together with the concentration–response relationship, being a fundamental framework with wide applications in pharmacology. Neverthele...
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... Other oral, IV, or subcutaneous opioid PBPK models exist for morphine [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], alfentanil [49][50][51][52], remifentanil [53][54][55], sufentanil [56], tramadol [56][57][58][59][60][61], fentanyl [62][63][64][65][66][67], oxycodone [40,64,68,69], buprenorphine [64,[70][71][72][73][74][75], codeine [76,77], methadone [78][79][80][81][82][83][84], and carfentanil to predict drug-drug interactions and drug disposition in the plasma and various organs. However, carfentanil is one of the few opioids that mention the possible application of PBPK modeling in forensic science. ...
An Overview of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Models for Forensic Science
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2023
A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model represents the structural components of the body with physiologically relevant compartments connected via blood flow rates described by mathematical equations to determine drug disposition. PBPK models are used in the pharmaceutical sector for drug development, precision medicine, and the chemical industry to predict safe levels of exposure during the registration of chemical substances. However, one area of application where PBPK models have been scarcely used is forensic science. In this review, we give an overview of PBPK models successfully developed for several illicit drugs and environmental chemicals that could be applied for forensic interpretation, highlighting the gaps, uncertainties, and limitations.
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