Fig 1 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
![Integrated elements of sustainable manufacturing [9].](publication/295241672/figure/fig1/AS:614327589556233@1523478519607/Integrated-elements-of-sustainable-manufacturing-9.png)
Source publication
![Fig. 1. Integrated elements of sustainable manufacturing [9].](publication/295241672/figure/fig1/AS:614327589556233@1523478519607/Integrated-elements-of-sustainable-manufacturing-9_Q320.jpg)
![Fig. 9. LCC Benefit of the various post-recovery material streams [15].](publication/295241672/figure/fig4/AS:668646510710804@1536429159518/LCC-Benefit-of-the-various-post-recovery-material-streams-15_Q320.jpg)
At the current alarming growth rate of the world's consumption, the linear economy model of creating products, using these products, and then disposing of them, with no consideration of the environmental, societal and economic impacts and consequences, is a flawed manufacturing approach that is unsustainable. Therefore, envisioning a future where n...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... manufacturing is essentially a complex systems problem since to achieve it, three integral interacting levels must be considered: products, processes and systems [9] ---see Fig. 1. There is no generally accepted or universal definition for sustainable manufacturing. Indeed, there are many insufficient attempts, including a partially integral approach; almost all fall short because they largely deal with products and processes, but fail to stress the interconnectivity among the three integral elements involved in ...
Similar publications
This paper presents an approach to analytically determine the most energy efficient toolpath strategy in mechanical machining. This was achieved by evaluating the electrical energy requirement of the NC codes generated for the zag, zigzag, and rectangular contour toolpath strategies. The analytical method was validated by performing pocket milling...
![Fig. 1 Overview of the forest sector (adapted from [12])](publication/339112347/figure/fig1/AS:866153614303233@1583518522154/Overview-of-the-forest-sector-adapted-from-12_Q320.jpg)
Adapting manufacturing systems to new principles and technologies is an important measure to stay competitive and to strive into the future. It is a challenge for the entire organization and not only on the production floor. The purpose of the article is to illustrate the conditions for companies in the Swedish wood products industry in the transit...
The development and implementation of the smart factory paradigm seems to be a must almost widespread all over the Western manufacturing companies so far. This article explores the application of exergetic analysis models as a feasible approach to customize such an announced paradigm shift: the implementation criteria as well as the true expected b...
Since the fourth industrial revolution is embryonic also known as the automation and machine era, the issue of industrial waste and pollution have become more pressing. This is because manufacturing firms are known to have the highest pollution. It has made the issues of environmental stewardship vital for both developing and developed countries. H...
Energy saving has always been a major concern in the design and operation of sustainable manufacturing systems. Optimal maintenance strategies have also been explored intensively to achieve manufacturing sustainability. However, in most of the related studies, the two aspects are considered separately. As a manufacturing system is characterized by...
Citations
... Lastly, recycling and recovery strategies are linked to the effective application of materials. Jawahir and Bradley (2016) assert that the implementation of the CE can be accomplished through a set of strategies. Refuse involves making a product obsolete by substituting its purpose with a fundamentally distinct product (Potting et al. 2017). ...
... Reduce entails minimizing energy and material usage, emissions, and waste generation, whereas reuse centers on giving new life to a discarded product that remains in a reasonable state to serve its initial purpose, thereby serving other consumers (Potting et al. 2017). Repair involves upkeep and rectification of product defects, restoring the product to its intended use (Jawahir and Bradley 2016). Refurbishment focuses on restoring and modernizing an old product and remanufacturing entails reprocessing and restoring previously used products, aiming to extend their usage as much as possible (Glöser-Chahoud et al. 2021). ...
... Moreover, additional principles like 'redesign' and 'remanufacturing' have been introduced, resulting in the comprehensive 6R framework (reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, redesign, and remanufacturing). This extended framework underpins sustainable manufacturing, offering a closed-loop, multi-product lifecycle system (Jawahir & Bradley, 2016). ...
... However, as Ghisellini & Ulgiati (2020) pointed out, expanding these principles beyond the traditional '3R' framework has created some overlap between different elements and strategies (e.g., reuse and recover, redesign, and remanufacturing) (Dieterle et al., 2018;Urbinati et al., 2018;Jawahir & Bradley, 2016;Reichel et al., 2016). ...
... Nowadays, the replacement of the classical linear economy with a circular economy is supported by EU initiatives [1]. Circularity is mainly oriented on resources, especially secondary ones (wastes), via the 6R principles (reduce, recover, reuse, recycle, re-design, remanufacture) [8]. Some visions of a future economy transformed from being circular to sustainable [9] were published, where the battle for resources will be replaced by resource sufficiency. ...
The textile branch traditionally uses a surplus of energy, consuming an enormous amount of water, and is responsible for the deterioration of the environment. New solutions are formally focused on a circular economy with an impetus on sustainable development and a world with zero waste. In reality, the aims of circular economy often do not coincide with sustainability issues, and sustainability is, in fact, narrowed to nature-created products (especially fibers) and not renewable resources. The main aims of this article are to critically discuss sustainability aspects of fiber development, textile design, production, use, and recycling or waste treatment. It is demonstrated that despite improvements in sustainability, comprehensive solutions need focused action of specialists from different disciplines with the same target, i.e., real sustainability for a future world. New machinery for the production of textiles without limitations to their thickness is one typical example of the approach to better sustainability. One of the key issues is the selection of sustainable fibers for future textile applications. The benefits and problems of replacing synthetic fibers with natural ones are discussed in detail. The recent techniques of textile waste treatment are presented, and problems with microplastics releasing from textiles are shown.
... For instance, the 4R framework is introduced by the European Union (Kirchherr et al., 2017). In the same vein, other frameworks, such as the 6Rs (Jawahir & Bradley, 2016) or the 10Rs (Potting et al., 2017), are proposed. ...
Open innovation (OI) is a pivotal driver in fostering the practical implementation of circular economy (CE). Based on 42 case studies identified through a systematic search, the present study seeks to understand how OI strategies are currently integrated within companies' circular business models (CBMs). The content analysis of the cases, interpreted through a strategy matrix, emphasises a prevalent inclination among companies towards collaborative and network‐based OI strategies. These strategies exhibit high depth and breadth of knowledge search, indicating companies' tendency to engage with numerous knowledge sources in deep partnership. Moreover, the findings underscore that the companies tend to favour OI strategies rooted in the depth of knowledge search rather than breadth in developing CBMs. In addition to contributing to the existing CE knowledge, the findings of this study offer empirical insights for managers, practitioners and policymakers, aiming to effectively integrate OI strategies into CBMs.
... These authors analysed the consumer perspective to identify the responsible consumer in the context of CE. Based on the 6R framework (Jawahir & Bradley, 2016), framework that evolved to the 10R (Reike et al., 2018), they were able to find two groups of consumers the conventional consumers (those following the original R concepts-Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and the conscious consumers, that expressed more environmentally friendly attitudes (Recover, Redesign, Remanufacturing through other Rs more consumer oriented Rethink/ Reinvent, Replace/Rebuy). These results reinforce the division among consumers that not all of them are at the same level of awareness. ...
Although the concept of Circular Economy (CE) has become popular in recent years, the transition towards a CE system requires a change in consumers’ behaviour. However, there is still limited knowledge of consumers’ efforts in CE initiatives. The present paper aims to analyse and compare consumers’ behaviour towards circular approaches and compare the results on items like generation and demographics. 495 answers were collected through a questionnaire from 3 countries (Albania, Poland, and Portugal). Data collected was analysed mainly through a Crosstabs analysis to identify associations or different behaviours regarding nationality, gender, generation, education, and place of residence. From the paper’s findings, we can emphasise that residents of EU countries seem to be more aware of the concept of circular economy. However, price is still a very important factor for EU residents when it comes to deciding on a greener purchase. Albanians (non-EU residents) tend to take a more linear approach when it comes to purchasing a new product regardless of its cost. Regarding the Digital Product Passport, a tool proposed by the European Commission through its Circular Economy Action Plan, non-EU residents have a better understanding of the concept. This tool seems to be more relevant for Millennials and Generation X. Generation Z, i.e., the tech generation, does not show an overwhelming propensity for technological options, such as online buying and digital technologies for a greener society.
... The increasing amount of electrical and electronic waste (WEEE) poses a significant problem for the environment. To effectively decrease the amount of WEEE, it is crucial to replace linear product lifecycles with circular lifecycles, wherein valuable components and materials are reused or recycled [9]. A circular lifecycle for these devices is complex, time-consuming, and cost-intensive due to the high demands on the flexibility of dismantling systems [12]. ...
The process of manually detecting and removing screws during disassembly can be time-consuming and demanding. Automated systems utilizing imaging and deep learning can rapidly and accurately identify screws based on features like head shape and size. Different deep learning methods have varying screw detection capabilities. Choosing the right method significantly impacts system effectiveness, robustness and efficiency. Several generic deep learning architectures have been proposed to address this problem. However, there is little guidance on their suitability for specific scenarios. This paper aims to provide qualified guidance for selecting suitable deep learning methods for screw head detection. The proposed approach involves researching existing object detection methods and choosing two representatives – one employing a one-stage approach, the other using two-stage. These selected methods will be implemented identically and their performance evaluated via rigorous analysis and comparison. The dataset comprises synthetic and real images of 6 screw types across 3 products. YOLOv5 was selected for one-stage detectors, Faster R-CNN for two-stage. Results show the one-stage YOLOv5 generally outperforms Faster R-CNN in precision, recall, speed and training times, while Faster R-CNN delivered superior recall with smaller training datasets.
... At the same time, recycled construction waste has a high econom [10]. However, its implementation has not been satisfactory [11]. The outcomes that policies in numerous countries and regions have failed to effectively curb t trary disposal of CDW [12][13][14][15]. ...
In the context of construction and demolition waste exacerbating environmental pollution, the lack of recycling technology has hindered the green development of the industry. Previous studies have explored robot-based automated recycling methods, but their efficiency is limited by movement speed and detection range, so there is an urgent need to integrate drones into the recycling field to improve construction waste management efficiency. Preliminary investigations have shown that previous construction waste recognition techniques are ineffective when applied to UAVs and also lack a method to accurately convert waste locations in images to actual coordinates. Therefore, this study proposes a new method for autonomously labeling the location of construction waste using UAVs. Using images captured by UAVs, we compiled an image dataset and proposed a high-precision, long-range construction waste recognition algorithm. In addition, we proposed a method to convert the pixel positions of targets to actual positions. Finally, the study verified the effectiveness of the proposed method through experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that the approach proposed in this study enhanced the discernibility of computer vision algorithms towards small targets and high-frequency details within images. In a construction waste localization task using drones, involving high-resolution image recognition, the accuracy and recall were significantly improved by about 2% at speeds of up to 28 fps. The results of this study can guarantee the efficient application of drones to construction sites.
... Furthermore, some studies have shown that cryogenic machining of titanium alloys is more sustainable and cost-effective than regular techniques [68], which could be applied in the support plate cutting phase of the present case study, reducing the final outcomes. In regards of the system eco-design, further research could include the 6R approach (reduce, reuse, recycle, recovery, redesign and remanufacture) for the circular evaluation of the system under study, using similar approaches as the ones developed by [69] and [70]. This work only focuses on the key parameters for AM because have more importance in the final outcome, according to the contribution and sensitivity analysis, and considering that their values variation is greater, as shown in the literature review. ...
As new technologies emerge is necessary to assess if they can actually contribute to sustainable improvement of industrial processes. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a valuable tool to determine environmental impacts and compare systems. However, this comparison raises challenges when they have different maturity. This paper performs ex-ante LCA of an additive manufacturing (AM) technology, based on a step-wise approach built with parametrized modelling, allowing fair comparison with its conventional counterpart, for the study case of a gearbox component. Results show that AM technology generates higher impacts than conventional manufacturing (CM) casting process, using baseline values. These impacts can be reduced by 94% with best operating performances from literature, with emissions from 4520 to 264 kg CO2 eq./kg piece, and non-significant difference with CM (demonstrated by Monte Carlo sampling). A 58% weight reduction is necessary for the AM process to improves its environmental sustainability. This research provides eco-design recommendations supporting decision making for further development of new technology.
... Redesign includes the process of planning new products using components of a previously-formed product. Remanufacture refers to reproducing used products to re-establish their original situation, or a new form, by reusing as many components as possible without losing functionality (Jawahir and Bradley 2016). Figure 1 represents the natural sequence of the 6R methodology. ...
Ecological pollution, scarcity of resources, climate change and population growth have forced organisations to transform from a linear to a circular economy. Hence, the need arises to redesign value chains and traditional business models. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a new conceptual eco-cluster model called ‘Circular Business Cluster Model’ to combine the advantages of both clustering and a circular economy. This paper seeks to establish a framework and provide guidelines for policy-makers such as governments, local authorities and organised industrial zone administrators. The contribution of this paper is to highlight and emphasise the crucial role of circular economy principles to transform a classical business model into an eco-business model. Circular Business Cluster Model includes the conceptual framework, network structure, interactions between cluster components and 6R activities. A case study was conducted to check the applicability of the proposed Circular Business Cluster Model. Eleven centres in this model were evaluated. Fuzzy Best-Worst Method (BWM) was used to find the relative weights. Based on the Circular Business Cluster Model, theoretical and managerial implications have been presented.
... The term 'reduce' generally refers to reducing the number of natural resources consumed, superfluous production, and consumption without compromising the standard of living. The idea has since been upgraded to the 6R principle: reduce, reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, and recover (Jawahir & Bradley, 2016). According to the presented principles, the CE is primarily seen from the perspective of production processes, without considering the need to alter consumer behaviour or governmental regulations. ...
