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Inocybe napiformis (TAKK 04.10.3.9). A Cheilocystidia (narrow-type cystidia). B Pleurocystidia. C Basidiospores. D Cheilocystidia and paracystidia. E Basidia. F Caulocystidia and cauloparacystidia on stipe apex. G Section of carpophore. Bars A, B, D-F 20 μm; C 13 μm; G 10 mm
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This fourth paper in the series considers five species of Inocybe occurring in Hokkaido, Honshu, and Kyushu. (1) Inocybe furfurea (section Tardae) is recorded from Hokkaido as new to Japan. (2) Inocybe luteola sp. nov. (section Tardae) is described from eastern Honshu (Chiba). It has smooth basidiospores and thick-walled caulocystidia descending to...
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Citations
... Photographs of microstructures were taken with a digital camera. We randomly selected twenty basidiospores and basidia for each specimen and measured the length and width of each basidiospore and basidium, excluding the apiculus and sterigmata respectively (Kobayashi 2009). The [n/m/p] in square brackets represented the measured value of basidiospore, and represent "n" basidiospores measured from "m" basidiomata of "p" specimens (Na et al. 2022). ...
In the present study, we describe a new nodulose-spored Inocybe species based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidences. The new species is discovered in a Carpinus forest in Hainan Province, tropical China. It is characterized by a small and slender habit, brown to umber brown pileus with an acutely pointed umbo, sub-distant lamellae, brownish stripes covered with appressed vesture, nodulose to sub-stellate basidiospores, and slightly thick-walled hymenial cystidia. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis revealed its unique phylogenetic position and placed the new species in a well-supported clade comprising a series of nodulose-and spiny-spored taxa. A detailed description, color photos of different development stages of basidiomata and its micro-structures, and a discussion on its closely related taxa are provided.
... Microscopic characters from dried materials mounted in KOH (5%) or mixed with Congo Red (1%) solution were observed with a microscope and photographed using a digital camera. Randomly selected twenty basidiospores and ten basidia for each specimen, the length and width of each basidiospore and basidium were measured, excluding the apiculus and sterigmata respectively (Kobayashi 2009). Numbers in square brackets [n/m/p] represent "n" basidiospores measured from "m" basidiomata of "p" specimens (Zhang et al. 2019). ...
As a result of molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological studies, two new species of the genus Pseudosperma , namely P. fulvidiscum and P. singulare were discovered in Wuzhishan Nature Reserve of Hainan Province of China. The two new species are distinct from other known Pseudosperma species in the phylogenetic polygram inferred from a combined nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), and the nuclear second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB2 ) sequence data. Muscarine contents of the two new species were detected using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach. In addition, a new combination was proposed based on phylogenetic evidences.
... Recently Matheny et al. (2020) identified seven genera based on a six-gene phylogeny of the Inocybaceae. Several species of this family are reported from Asia (Kobayashi 2009, 2005, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Matheny et al. 2012, Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Horak et al. 2015. From Pakistan, 32 species of the family have been reported (Ahmad et al. 1997, Ilyas et al. 2013, Saba et al. 2015, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2018, Ullah et al. 2018, Naseer et al. 2019, Jabeen & Khalid 2020, Saba et al. 2020. ...
... Recently Matheny et al. (2020) identified seven genera based on a six-gene phylogeny of the Inocybaceae. Several species of this family are reported from Asia (Kobayashi 2009, 2005, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Matheny et al. 2012, Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Horak et al. 2015. From Pakistan, 32 species of the family have been reported (Ahmad et al. 1997, Ilyas et al. 2013, Saba et al. 2015, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2018, Ullah et al. 2018, Naseer et al. 2019, Jabeen & Khalid 2020, Saba et al. 2020. ...
The new species Inocybe quercicola is described on the basis of morphological and genetic features. It is characterized by medium-sized basidiomata, radially fibrillose campanulate pileus, dark brown lamellae when mature, stipe that is pruinose along the whole length, nodulose, rather small basidiospores (av. 8.8×5.5 μm, Qav.=1.53) and pleurocystidia which are similar to cheilocystidia in shape but smaller in size (19–22 × 47–65 μm). Based on the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal ITS and LSU nucleotide sequences I. quercicola belongs into I. sect. Marginatae, subsect. Praetervisae.
... Microscopic characters from dried materials mounted in KOH (5%) or mixed with Congo Red (1%) solution were observed with a microscope and photographed using a digital camera. Randomly selected twenty basidiospores and ten basidia for each specimen, the length and width of each basidiospore and basidium were measured, excluding the apiculus and sterigmata respectively (Kobayashi 2009). Numbers in square brackets [n/m/p] represent "n" basidiospores measured from "m" basidiomata of "p" specimens (Zhang et al. 2019). ...
An accurate identification of poisonous mushrooms and the confirmation of the toxins involved are both of great importance in the treatment of mushroom poisoning incidents. In recent years, cases of mushroom poisoning by Inosperma spp. have been repeatedly reported from tropical Asia. It is urgent to know the real species diversity of Inosperma in this region. In the present study, we proposed two new Inosperma species from tropical Asia, namely I. muscarium and I. hainanense . They were described based on morphology and multilocus phylogeny. Detailed descriptions, color photographs and the discussion with other closely related species of the two new taxa were provided. In addition, a comprehensive muscarine determination of these two new species using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach has been performed. Results showed that these two species were muscarine positive, with a content of 16.03 ± 1.23 g/kg in I. muscarium and a content of 11.87 ± 3.02 g/kg in I. hainanense , much higher than the known species I. virosum . Recovery of muscarine ranged from 93.45% to 97.25%, and the average recovery is 95.56%.
... In the absence of type studies, modern descriptions of P. dulcamaroides al. 2009) andP. sororium (as Inocybe, Stuntz 1978) also support P. albobrunneum as morphologically distinct. ...
A new species, Pseudosperma albobrunneum , is described and illustrated. The specimens are from different areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. The identification is based on morphological characters, in combination with molecular phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The species is found distinct morphologically from all closely related taxa, and molecular data confirm its novelty.
... Microscopic structures were observed and drawn freehand from materials rehydrated in KOH (5%) and stained with Congo Red (1%) when necessary. Methods of measuring basidiospores and basidia follow Kobayashi (2002Kobayashi ( , 2009). The basidiospore measurements are shown in the form of [n/m/p], which indicates "n" basidiospores measured from "m" basidiomata of "p" specimens (Zhang et al. 2019). ...
Inosperma subsphaerosporum sp. nov. is described from Hainan Province of China, based on morphological features and molecular phylogeny. The new species is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma, a scaly-fibrillose to rimulose pileus, subglobose to globose basidiospores, and thin-walled cheilocystidia. Moreover, I. subsphaerosporum is phylogenetically placed in an Old World tropical clade, in which all members described are from South Asia. Detailed descriptions, color photographs as well as comparisons between the new species and its closely related species are provided.
... Species are also regularly being described in northern and southern Europe (e.g., Kokkonen & Vauras 2012;Esteve-Raventós & al. 2015Bizio & al. 2016;Franchi & al. 2016;Vauras & Larsson 2016). Inocybe has been widely explored throughout Asia in China (Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, India (Vrinda & al. 1996(Vrinda & al. , 1997Pradeep & Vrinda 2007Latha & Manimohan 2015Tibpromma & al. 2017), Japan (Kobayashi & Courtecuisse 1993, 2000Kobayashi & Hongo 1993;Kobayashi 2009;Kobayashi & Onishi 2010), and the Himalayas (Horak 1981). Only a few studies of the genus, however, have been undertaken in Pakistan. ...
Basidiomata of Inocybe caroticolor were collected from two different Quercus forests in Swat, KP, Pakistan. Based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA regions, these basidiomata were found to represent I. caroticolor and placed within the Inocybe viscata group. Our I. caroticolor specimens are molecularly supported as conspecific with specimens from China and represent a first species record from Pakistan.
... -P l e u r oc y s t i d i a 41-58 × 9-16 μm, fusiform, thick-walled towards apex (up to 3.5 μm thick), crystalliferous. - (Kobayashi 2002(Kobayashi , 2005(Kobayashi , 2009Fan & Bau 2010;Kobayashi & Onishi 2010). During our ongoing studies on Inocybaceae Jülich, four new taxa have been discovered in China , 2014a. ...
... yellow (5Y 8/3), olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6), cream, light brown to camel brown in overmature specimens, lighter towards margins, umbo and margin remaining concolorous, smooth, silky, shiny, fibrillose, radi- N o t e s . -Species of the large ectomycorrhizal genus Inocybe (Fr.) Fr., comprising more than 750 species worldwide (Kirk et al. 2008, Kobayashi 2009, Kropp et al. 2010, Bougher et al. 2012, Kokkonen & Vauras 2012, Braaten et al. 2014, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2018, Ullah et al. 2018) are characterized by basidiomata with brownish, fibrillose or squamulose pileus and stipe, brownish lamellae, uniform or bulbous stipe; the presence of thinwalled or metuloidal cystidia and ellipsoid or amygdaliform, smooth or nodulose basidiospores (Heim 1931, Kühner & Romagnesi 1953, Kühner 1980, Kuyper 1986, Singer 1986, Stangl 1989, Kobayashi 2002. They are common in temperate regions but not in tropical areas (Singer 1962, Horak 1980, Matheny et al. 2003. ...
Eight new species presented are Calostoma areolatum collected in Wuyishan National Park (China), Crinipellis bidens from Hubei Province (China), Lactifluus sainii from Himalayan India, Inocybe elata from Yunnan (China), Inocybe himalayensis from Pakistan. Specimens previously identified as Massalongia carnosa represent a new species, namely M. patagonica restricted to southern South America. Saprolegnia maragheica is a new oomycete species of fresh water in Maraghe (Iran). Uncispora wuzhishanensis is a new aquatic hyphomycete species. A type specimen of Raddetes turkestanicus was studied and based on this the new combination Conocybe turkestanica, is proposed. Argyranthemum frutescens is a new host for Alternaria alternata and Syzygium cumini for Phyllosticta capitalensis in India. Crepidotus ehrendorferi is confirmed for Hungary and Pluteus leucoborealis for Central Europe, and for the phytogeographical region of Carpaticum. Pseudopithomyces palmicola is shown to occur on grapevine and it is validated by adding a unique identifier. Terfezia fanfani is reported first from Algeria.
... Inocybe (Fr.) Fr. (1863: 346) (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) is a large genus with an estimated 735 species (Kirk et al. 2008, Kobayashi 2009, Matheny et al. 2009, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Kropp et al. 2010, Bougher & Matheny 2011, Bougher et al. 2012, Kokkonen & Vauras 2012, Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Braaten et al. 2014, Esteve-Raventós et al. 2015, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al., 2017. Many species of this genus are also reported from Asia (Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Vrinda et al. 1996, Kobayashi & Courtecuisse 1993, Kobayashi & Hungo 1993, Kobayashi 2009, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Horak et al. 2015, Pradeep et al. 2016. ...
... Inocybe (Fr.) Fr. (1863: 346) (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) is a large genus with an estimated 735 species (Kirk et al. 2008, Kobayashi 2009, Matheny et al. 2009, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Kropp et al. 2010, Bougher & Matheny 2011, Bougher et al. 2012, Kokkonen & Vauras 2012, Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Braaten et al. 2014, Esteve-Raventós et al. 2015, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al., 2017. Many species of this genus are also reported from Asia (Fan & Bau 2013, 2014, Vrinda et al. 1996, Kobayashi & Courtecuisse 1993, Kobayashi & Hungo 1993, Kobayashi 2009, Kobayashi & Onishi 2010, Horak et al. 2015, Pradeep et al. 2016. From Pakistan, 22 species of Inocybe have been reported (Ahmad et al. 1997, Ilyas et al. 2013, Saba et al. 2015, Jabeen et al. 2016, Farooqi et al. 2017, Naseer et al. 2018. ...
Inocybe pakistanensis is described and illustrated as a new species based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions along with larger subunit (LSU). The distinctive basidiomata have a highly rimose and fibrillose golden brown pileus with a reddish brown, prominent umbo; ellipsoid to amygdaliform, slightly phasoeliform smooth basidiospores; and clamped septa in all the tissues. Molecular phylogenetic analysis supports the placement of I. pakistanensis in section Rimosae s. str.
