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Citations
... Te genus Carduus (family Asteraceae) comprises about 90 species [4,5] that occurs mainly in Europe, Central Asia, West Asia, Eurasia, Africa, Northern Africa, and the Mediterranean region [5][6][7]. Carduus leptacanthus is locally known as Guccino (in Afan Oromo), and its root parts are traditionally used for the treatment of infectious diseases and pain in Ethiopia. ...
... Te genus Carduus (family Asteraceae) comprises about 90 species [4,5] that occurs mainly in Europe, Central Asia, West Asia, Eurasia, Africa, Northern Africa, and the Mediterranean region [5][6][7]. Carduus leptacanthus is locally known as Guccino (in Afan Oromo), and its root parts are traditionally used for the treatment of infectious diseases and pain in Ethiopia. It was also reported that the powdered dry stem of C. leptacanthus is used for the treatment of ascariasis and hemorrhoids [2,[8][9][10]. ...
Background
The emergence and rapid spread of antimicrobial drug-resistance microorganisms exacerbate the treatment of infectious diseases, underscoring the importance of finding new, safe, and effective drugs. In Ethiopia, the roots of Carduus leptacanthus have traditionally been employed to treat microbial infectious diseases The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the root extract and its primary components against six bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia).
Methods
The extraction involved maceration of air-dried and powdered roots of C. leptacanthus with 80% methanol. The compound was isolated from the root extract using silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization in CHCl3/MeOH (9 : 1) and was characterized using ESI-MS and 1D-NMR spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity of the extract was assessed using agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods.
Results
Syringin, a phenylpropanoid, was isolated and characterized from the extract of C. leptacanthus. The extract showed the most substantial efficacy against S. epidermidis (MIC = 5.33 mg/ml and inhibition zone diameter of 24 mm at 200 mg/m). Syringin also elicited antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 13.33 mg/ml), S. epidermidis (MIC = 16 mg/ml), and S. agalactiae (MIC = 16 mg/ml). Despite being tested up to a maximum concentration of 16 mg/ml, syringin did not exhibit antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and K. pneumonia).
Conclusions
In conclusion, the findings suggest that syringin exhibits partial involvement in the root extract's antibacterial activity, thereby potentially supporting the traditional medicinal use of the plant.
... Several Carduus species are invasive, noxious weeds on other continents (Doing, Biddiscombe & Knedlhans, 1969). Four species, including C. acanthoides L. (spiny plumeless thistle), C. tenuiflorus Curtis (sheep thistle), C. pycnocephalus L. (Italian thistle), and C. crispus Guirão ex Nyman (welted thistle), all of which originate in Eurasia and Africa, are considered invasive in North America (Dunn, 1976;Verloove, 2014). Carduus crispus, also called curly plumeless thistle, is also considered an invasive species in Korea (Jung et al., 2017). ...
... Our marker demonstrates that nucleotide sequence variations can provide rapid molecular identification of C. crispus. We focused on C. crispus because it exhibits the characteristics of an invasive species (Dunn, 1976;Verloove, 2014;Jung et al., 2017), and may also have value for the treatment of obesity and cancer (Xie, Li & Jia, 2005;Davaakhuu, Sukhdolgor & Gereltu, 2010;Lee et al., 2011;Tunsag, Davaakhuu & Batsuren, 2011). Various DNA-based markers (i.e., inter-simple sequence repeats [ISSRs], sequence characterisation of amplified regions [SCARs], and SSRs) have been developed to authenticate medicinal plants to ensure safety and efficacy (Hao et al., 2010;Sarwat et al., 2012;Ganie et al., 2015;Ward, Gaskin & Wilson, 2008). ...
Background
Carduus , commonly known as plumeless thistles, is a genus in the Asteraceae family that exhibits both medicinal value and invasive tendencies. However, the genomic data of Carduus (i.e., complete chloroplast genomes) have not been sequenced.
Methods
We sequenced and assembled the chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequences of three Carduus species using the Illumina Miseq sequencing system and Geneious Prime. Phylogenetic relationships between Carduus and related taxa were reconstructed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses. In addition, we used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the protein coding region of the matK gene to develop molecular markers to distinguish C. crispus from C. acanthoides and C. tenuiflorus .
Results
The cpDNA sequences of C. crispus, C. acanthoides , and C. tenuiflorus ranged from 152,342 bp to 152,617 bp in length. Comparative genomic analysis revealed high conservation in terms of gene content (including 80 protein-coding, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes) and gene order within the three focal species and members of subfamily Carduoideae. Despite their high similarity, the three species differed with respect to the number and content of repeats in the chloroplast genome. Additionally, eight hotspot regions, including psbI-trnS_GCU , trnE_UUC-rpoB , trnR_UCU-trnG_UCC , psbC-trnS_UGA , trnT_UGU-trnL_UAA , psbT-psbN , petD-rpoA , and rpl16-rps3 , were identified in the study species. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from 78 protein-coding and non-coding regions indicated that Carduus is polyphyletic, suggesting the need for additional studies to reconstruct relationships between thistles and related taxa. Based on a SNP in matK , we successfully developed a molecular marker and protocol for distinguishing C. crispus from the other two focal species. Our study provides preliminary chloroplast genome data for further studies on plastid genome evolution, phylogeny, and development of species-level markers in Carduus .
... Some Carduus species (C. acanthoides L. and C. nutans L.) were spread world-wide by human activities and became weedy invasive species for the Americas, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand [4,5]. The 'Nutans' group is a taxonomically difficult assembly of plants that include up to eight species in Europe displaying considerable variation in morphological featureshairiness, leaf-size, spine-length, width and shape of bracts, corolla-length etc. [6,7]. ...
... In contrast, C. nutans demonstrated complete identity of ITS1/2 sequences both among sequences isolated from Bulgarian accessions and those annotated in NCBI. The fact that the ITS sequences of C. nutans isolated from Bulgaria and other places in Europe and North America are identical, confirms the weedy, invasive nature of this species [4,5]. It was obviously spread relatively recently world-wide by human activities and the time since has not been sufficient for accumulation of different mutations in distant populations even in nonfunctional regions like ITS. ...
The biodiversity of genus Carduus in Bulgaria is grossly under-studied with modern methods, which leads to unclear status of species and hampers the assessment of their habitats and conservation status. In this study, we used the variability of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) to investigate the biodiversity of Carduus species collected from different floristic regions of Bulgaria. Thirty-three samples were processed. Among the studied species, C. acanthoides exhibited the highest ITS variability (eight single nucleotide polymorphisms were found). High ITS variability was also found in C. crispus and C. hamulosus, demonstrating that some of the local Carduus species possesses unique genetic diversity, which can serve as source for future divergence of new forms and subspecies. For each species, unique nucleotides suitable as molecular taxonomy markers were identified. However, C. nutans and C. thoermeri displayed completely identical ITS sequences, which is in agreement with all ITS sequences of these species collected elsewhere in the world and deposited in the NCBI database. After careful analyses of both molecular and morphological data, we propose to restore C. nutans and C. thoermeri as one species with two subspecies. Namely, Carduus nutans subsp. nutans and Carduus nutans subsp. thoermeri. We recommend diameter of capitulum, length of peduncle, width of peduncle and width of bract as diagnostic features of taxonomic significance for distinguishing the two subspecies.
During the past decade, numerous chorological data on the flora of vascular plants in Belgium and the neighboring areas have been gathered and published. This contribution gives an overview of altered distribution data in the seventh as compared with the sixth edition of the Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique which was published in 2012.
Following the publication of the seventh edition of the Nouvelle Flore, in 2023, this contribution provides an overview of nomenclatural and taxonomic changes compared to the previous edition of the Flora, which was published in 2012.
Aim. The flowers and plant leaves of Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L. during flowering are perspective for identification, investigation and quantitative assay of biologically active inorganic elements by atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) methods.
Methods and materials. Accumulation of inorganic macro- and microelements in flowers and leaves of genus Carduus L. of Ukraine flora: Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L. has been studied. Drying was conducted on setting “Termolab SNOL 24/350” (Україна), (t = 40 °С) 15 hours. The atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) method by DFS-4 with IBC-28, has been used for research.
Results. The content of 15 macro- and microelements has been determined in flowers and leaves of Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L. Sufficiently high content of macro- and microelements (К, Са, Mg, Fe) has been noted. Flowers and leaves of Carduus nutans L., Carduus acanthoides L. contain the inorganic element (Sr) in chronic values; the inorganic elements (Pb, Co, Cd, As, Hg) in insignificant concentrations.
Conclusions. The flowers and plant leaves of Carduus nutans L., Carduus acanthoides L. are perspective for inorganic elements (К, Са, Mg, Fe) determinations by atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) methods. The inorganic chemical elements are required for normal human life and the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of herbal extracts. The accumulation of inorganic elements (Sr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cd, As, Hg) does not exceed the permissible levels of toxic. The parts of Carduus L. genus: Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L. are important medicinal plants for identification and quantitative assay оf toxically inorganic elements.
